Spectral properties of spatially and spectrally partially coherent cosh-Gaussian pulsed beams focused by an aperture lens

The analytical expression for the spectrum of spatially and spectrally partially coherent cosh-Gaussian pulsed (ChGP) beams focused by an aperture lens is derived and used to study their spectral properties at the focal plane and on the axis. The effect of the truncation parameter, spatial correlation parameter, decentered parameter and temporal coherence length on the spectral shifts and spectral switches of spatially and spectrally partially coherent ChGP beams is stressed. The results are illustrated numerically and interpreted physically.     

Nonparaxial propagation of spatially and spectrally partially coherent electromagnetic Cosh-Gaussian pulsed beams

Based on the generalized Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction integral, the analytical expression for 3×3 cross-spectral density matrix of nonparaxial spatially and spectrally partially coherent electromagnetic Cosh-Gaussian (ChG) pulsed beams propagating in free space is derived, and used to formulate the spectral density and spectral degree of polarization of electromagnetic pulsed beams at the z-plane. It is found that the parameters f and f_αα are the key parameters in determining the nonparaxiality of spatially and spectrally partially coherent electromagnetic ChG pulsed beams. And the decentered parameter, pulse duration and temporal coherence length can change the nonparaxial behavior of the electromagnetic ChG pulsed beams. The effect of decentered parameter, pulse duration and temporal coherence length on the spectral density and spectral degree of polarization of electromagnetic ChG pulsed beams is illustrated through numerical calculations. Propagation of nonparaxial spatially and spectrally partially coherent electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model pulsed beams can be treated as a special case when the decentered parameter of electromagnetic ChG pulsed beams approaches to zero.     

非傍轴双曲余弦-高斯脉冲电磁光束远场特性

利用矢量瑞利-索末菲衍射积分公式,推导出了非傍轴部分空间相干部分光谱相干双曲余弦-高斯(ChG)脉冲电磁光束在自由空间传输时交叉谱密度矩阵的远场解析公式,并用来表示脉冲电磁光束的光谱密度(光强)和偏振度。结果表明,对非傍轴远场部分空间相干部分光谱相干ChG脉冲电磁光束,其非傍轴性主要由参数f, f决定,而离心参数、脉冲宽度和时间相干长度影响其非傍轴行为。非傍轴部分空间相干部分光谱相干高斯-谢尔模型脉冲电磁光束的远场传输可作为特例处理。     

部分相干双曲余弦-高斯光束的传输特性和空间整形

 通过加入高斯项的空间相干度，引入部分相干双曲余弦-高斯（ChG）光束，推导出部分相干ChG光束通过近轴ABCD光学系统传输的解析表达式，并用以研究其传输特性和空间整形。结果表明，部分相干ChG光束的光强分布不能保持传输不变性，其光强分布不仅与传输距离和离心参数有关，而且还与空间相干参数有关。在传输距离固定时，适当改变部分相干ChG 光束的离心参数和空间相干参数，可实现光束的空间整形。光束质量因子随空间相干性的增大和离心参数的减小而减小。高斯-谢尔模型光束和完全相干ChG光束可作为部分相干ChG光束的特例处理。     

Changes in the spectrum, polarization, and coherence of stochastic spatially and spectrally partially coherent electromagnetic J0-correlated Schell-model pulsed beams propagating in free space

Taking the stochastic electromagnetic J ₀-correlated Schell-model pulsed (JSMP) beam as a typical example of stochastic spatially and spectrally partially coherent electromagnetic pulsed beams, the analytical expressions for the cross-spectral density matrix, spectral density, spectral degree of polarization and spectral degree of coherence of stochastic electromagnetic JSMP beams propagating in free space are derived, and used to study the changes in the spectrum, polarization, and coherence of stochastic spatially and spectrally partially coherent electromagnetic JSMP beams. It is shown that the on-axis spectrum is blue-shifted in free-space propagation and is dependent on the pulse temporal coherence length and spatial correlation parameter. The distribution of the on-axis spectral degree of polarization depends on the frequency and spatial correlation parameter. The spectral degree of coherence increases with increasing pulse temporal coherence length. The results derived are interpreted physically.     

直流固态继电器电磁脉冲失效模式实验研究

采用电流注入法对某型直流固态继电器输入端与输出端的电磁脉冲损伤机制及失效模式进行了实验研究,结果表明:输入端注入电磁脉冲信号时,输出端会产生误动作,并可造成输入电路中三极管BE节产生短路损伤,导致输入端施加控制信号时输出端无法导通;输出端注入电磁脉冲信号时,可造成输出电路中MOSFET管的栅极和漏极产生短路损伤,导致输出端短路。     

Changes in the spectral degree of polarization of nonparaxial stochastic electromagnetic pulsed beams

By using the generalized vectorial Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, the analytical expression for the spectral degree of polarization (SDP) of stochastic spatially and spectrally partially coherent electromagnetic pulsed beams (SSSPCEPB) is derived, and used to study the changes in the SDP of SSSPCEPB in the nonparaxial regime. Similar to that of continuous beams, the f parameter and f_αα parameter of pulsed beams also play an important role in determining the nonparaxiality of SSSPCEPB. However, the pulse duration and temporal coherence length of the pulse can change the nonparaxiality of SSSPCEPB. The dependence of SDP on the f parameter, pulse duration and temporal coherence length is emphasized and illustrated numerically.     

部分空间相干部分光谱相干厄米-高斯脉冲电磁光束的偏振特性

基于非稳态场的相干理论,对部分空间相干部分光谱相干二维厄米-高斯脉冲电磁光束在自由空间传输时的偏振特性做了详细的数值研究.结果表明,脉冲电磁光束的偏振度分布由光束阶数、光束的空间相关长度、时间相干长度和场点位置等因素共同决定.研究表明,当空间相关长度趋于零或无穷大时,轴上点偏振度趋于一固定值,与光束阶数和场点位置无关....     

部分相干余弦-高斯光束

引入部分相干余弦-高斯光束,推导出部分相干余弦-高斯光束通过近轴ABCD光学系统的传输公式和M2因子,研究了部分相干余弦-高斯光束通过像散透镜的传输特性.结果表明,部分相干余弦-高斯光束的M2因子与部分相干余弦-高斯光束的空间相干参量和离心参量有关,但与透镜的像散系数无关.适当选取空间相干参量,离心参量或像散系数,在几何焦面处可得到类高斯、平顶和空心等不同的光强剖面,实现部分相干余弦-高斯光束的空间整形.     

Polarization properties of polarized and partially coherent Electromagnetic Gaussian-Schell model pulse beams on slant path in turbulent atmosphere

This paper is based on the unified theory of coherence and polarization of stochastic electromagnetic beams and the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle, combined with the quadratic approximation of Rytov’s phase structure function and the generalized Stokes parameters. We have derived the novel expressions for the cross-spectral density matrix elements and the degree of cross-polarization of a class of elliptically polarized spatially and spectrally partially coherent Electromagnetic Gaussian-Schell model pulse (EGSMP) beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence along a slant path. Additionally, we calculate and analyze the effects of the turbulent intensity, the initial pulse duration, waist width of the beam, the spatial coherence length and temporal coherence length et al. on the polarization properties of fully polarized and partially coherent EGSMP beams. Finally, a comparison of the impact of those factors on the partially polarization beams is made. The results show that the influences of the turbulent intensity, the initial pulse duration, waist width of the beam, the spatial coherence length and temporal coherence length et al. on the polarization properties of fully polarized and partially coherent EGSMP beams are larger. While the effects of those parameters on the partially polarization and partially coherent EGSMP beams are smaller. It is noted that the results of this paper have established sound theoretical basis on the topic of improving performance of the laser system propagating through the atmospheric turbulence.     

部分相干修正贝塞尔高斯光束通过光阑透镜的光谱特性

基于部分相干光的传输理论,研究了部分相干修正贝塞尔高斯光束（MBGB）通过光阑透镜系统后,轴上光谱位移及光谱开关.数值计算结果表明,光谱开关主要与截断参量、光束菲涅耳数以及光谱相干度有关.光谱开关的个数随着光束菲涅耳数以及截断参量的增大将增多,而随光谱相干度的增大而减少.但当截断参量增大到一定值时,光谱开关将消失.例如,当光谱相干度取0.5时,截断参量大于2.2,光谱开关将消失,仅表现出蓝移.     

Coherence vortices of partially coherent beams in the far field

Based on the propagation law of cross-spectral density function, studied in this paper are the coherence vortices of partially coherent, quasi-monochromatic singular beams with Gaussian envelope and Schell-model correlator in the far field, where our main attention is paid to the evolution of far-field coherence vortices into intensity vortices of fully coherent beams. The results show that, although there are usually no zeros of intensity in partially coherent beams with Gaussian envelope and Schell-model correlator, zeros of spectral degree of coherence exist. The coherence vortices of spectral degree of coherence depend on the relative coherence length, mode index and positions of pairs of points. If a point and mode index are kept fixed, the position of coherence vortices changes with the increase of the relative coherence length. For the low coherent case there is a circular phase dislocation. In the coherent limit coherence vortices become intensity vortices of fully coherent Laguerre--Gaussian beams.     

大气湍流对部分相干厄米-高斯光束空间相干性的影响

基于广义惠更斯-菲涅耳原理,并采用Rytov相位结构函数二次近似,推导出了部分相干厄米-高斯(H-G)光束通过大气湍流传输的光谱相干度公式,研究了湍流对光束的空间相干特性的影响.研究表明,部分相干H-G光束通过大气湍流传输其光谱相干度会出现振荡和相位奇异现象,但随着湍流的增强,振荡减弱,直至振荡和相位奇异现象消失,这一特性与高斯-谢尔模型光束的差异很大.光束的相干参数越小,光束空间相干性受湍流的影响也越小.此外,还研究了光谱相干度二阶矩宽度与光谱强度二阶矩宽度间的关系,得到一些有意义的结果,并给出了合理的 关键词： 部分相干厄米-高斯光束 大气湍流 光谱相干度 二阶矩宽度     

Spectral intensity characteristics of partially coherent flattened multi-Gaussian beams with an axial shadow passing though paraxial ABCD optical systems

Based on the beam model for the flattened multi-Gaussian beams (FMGBs) with an axial shadow and partially coherent theory, the expression for cross-spectral density of partially coherent FMGBs with an axial shadow has been given, and the analytical expression for the spectral intensity of partially coherent FMGBs with an axial shadow passing through paraxial ABCD optical systems has been derived. The spectral shift of partially coherent FMGBs with an axial shadow focused by a thin lens has been analyzed quantitatively. The effects of the beam profile, spatial coherence parameter and the system parameters on the relative spectral shift have been discussed in detail. Our results show that the spectral intensity and the spectral shift of partially coherent FMGBs with an axial shadow passing through paraxial ABCD optical systems depend on the source spectral density, the generalized Fresnel number of the system, the transverse coordinate, the spatially coherence parameter, as well as the beam orders.     

部分空间和部分光谱相干高斯-谢尔模型脉冲光束在自由空间中的光谱和时间特性

 对部分空间和部分光谱相干２维高斯-谢尔模型脉冲光束在自由空间传输的光谱和时间特性做了详细的数值研究。结果表明,部分空间和部分光谱相干高斯-谢尔模型脉冲光束在自由空间传输中发生了光谱移动,光谱移动与场点位置、空间相关长度和时间相干长度有关。在轴上,光谱出现蓝移,相对光谱移动随传输距离的增加而增大,随空间相关长度和时间相干长度的增加而减小,并逐渐趋于一定值。在轴外,光谱出现蓝移和红移,并与空间相关长度和时间相干长度有关。脉冲时间波形不变,对所得主要结果做了物理解释。     

部分相干环状偏心光束通过海洋湍流的传输特性

推导出了部分相干环状偏心光束在海洋湍流中传输的平均光强和光束质心位置的解析表达式, 并给出了最大光强位置满足的传输方程. 研究发现: 经足够长距离传输后, 在自由空间中最大光强位置比光束质心更靠近传输z轴, 并且其位置随着光束相干参数的增大而靠近传输z 轴, 随着光束偏心参数和遮拦比的增大而远离传输z轴. 但是, 在海洋湍流中最大光强位置趋于质心位置, 并且海洋湍流的增强会加速最大光强位置趋于质心位置的进程. 在海洋湍流中光束的相干性对光束传输特性的影响明显减小. 另一方面, 光束质心位置与光束的相干性、光束传输距离以及海洋湍流均无关系, 并且光束质心位置随着光束偏心参数和遮拦比的增大而远离传输z 轴. 所得结果对工作于水下湍流环境中的部分相干环状偏心光束的应用具有重要意义.     

Composite spectral Stokes singularities in coherent and incoherent superpositions of partially coherent nonparaxial vortex beams

Taking the partially coherent cosh-Gaussian (ChG) vortex beam as an illustrative example, the composite spectral Stokes singularities formed by coherent and incoherent superpositions of partially coherent vortex beams beyond the paraxial approximation are studied, where the effect of superposition scheme on composite spectral Stokes singularities is stressed. It is shown that there exist s₁₂ (C-points), s₂₃ and s₃₁ composite spectral Stokes singularities, which are variable by varying a control parameter, such as the spatial correlation length, waist width, off-axis distance, or decentered parameter, as well as the propagation distance. In particular, the number, position, degree of polarization of composite spectral Stokes singularities and the critical point at which the creation–annihilation process takes place depend on the superposition scheme. A comparison with the previous work is also made.     

部分相干涡旋光束在大气湍流中的远场传输特性

运用广义惠更斯-菲涅耳原理,详细研究了部分相干涡旋光束在湍流介质中的远场传输规律.研究表明,部分相干涡旋光束的光谱相干度及光强分布与光束的拓扑电荷数、空间相对相干长度及湍流介质的折射率结构常数等因素有关.在湍流介质中,光谱相干度存在相位奇点,并且随着空间相对相干长度的增大,相干涡旋逐渐演化为强度涡旋,而湍流介质的强弱对部分相干涡旋光束的影响则相反,随着湍流介质的折射率常数的增大,强度涡旋逐渐演化为相干涡旋.     

Spatial correlation properties of apertured partially coherent beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence

The spatial correlation properties of apertured partially coherent beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence are studied in detail. By using the quadratic approximation of the Rytov’s phase structure function and the finite complex Gaussian expansion of the aperture function, the closed-form expression for the spectral degree of coherence of apertured partially coherent beams in turbulence is derived. It is shown that the larger the aperture width h is, and the smaller the spatial correlation length σ₀ of the source is, the less the spatial correlation is affected by turbulence. Specially, the influence of turbulence on the spatial correlation for unapertured partially coherent beams is less than that for apertured ones. The spectral degree of coherence is shown to possess phase singularities for apertured partially coherent beams, but the phase singularities behavior disappears when the turbulence is strong enough, which is very different from the behavior of unapertured partially coherent beams. In addition, a comparison between the width of the spectral degree of coherence and that of the spectral intensity of apertured partially coherent beams in turbulence is also given, and some interesting results are obtained. The results are interpreted physically. PACS  42.68.Bz; 42.79.Ag; 42.25.Fx     

Stokes parameters of optical singularities of random electromagnetic beams

In this paper,the relation between the spectral degree of coherence and degree of polarization of random electromagnetic beams is derived by the Stokes parameters.And the concept of polarization singularity is extended from spatially fully coherent beams to partially coherent electromagnetic beams.Theoretical analysis shows that correlation vortices are linearly polarized singularities.The results are illustrated by numerical examples.