Dynamics in a ratio-dependent predator-prey model with predator harvesting

The objective of this paper is to study systematically the dynamical properties of a ratio-dependent predator-prey model with nonzero constant rate predator harvesting. It is shown that the model has at most two equilibria in the first quadrant and can exhibit numerous kinds of bifurcation phenomena, including the bifurcation of cusp type of codimension 2 (i.e., Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation), the subcritical and supercritical Hopf bifurcations. These results reveal far richer dynamics compared to the model with no harvesting and different dynamics compared to the model with nonzero constant rate prey harvesting in [D. Xiao, L. Jennings, Bifurcations of a ratio-dependent predator-prey system with constant rate harvesting, SIAM Appl. Math. 65 (2005) 737-753]. Biologically, it is shown that nonzero constant rate predator harvesting can prevent mutual extinction as a possible outcome of the predator prey interaction, and remove the singularity of the origin, which was regarded as “pathological behavior” for a ratio-dependent predator prey model in [P. Yodzis, Predator-prey theory and management of multispecies fisheries, Ecological Applications 4 (2004) 51-58].     

Analysis of a delayed predator-prey model with ratio-dependent functional response and quadratic harvesting

In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of a ratio dependent predator-prey model with quadratic harvesting. We examine the existence of the positive equilibria, the related dynamical behaviors of the model, as well as the boundedness and permanence property of the system. We also study the global stability of the interior equilibrium without time delay. Finally some bifurcation analysis is carried out for the system with delay and the results are illustrated numerically.     

一类基于比率的且具有收获率和时滞的捕食系统的周期解

研究一类基于比率且具有收获和时滞的捕食系统．证明了系统正周期解的存在性,并通过构造适当的Lyapunov泛函,给出了正周期解全局稳定的充分条件．     

Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation in a delayed Michaelis-Menten type ratio-dependent predator-prey system with prey harvesting

In this paper, we study a delayed Michaelis-Menten Type ratio-dependent predator-prey model with prey harvesting. By considering the characteristic equation associated with the nonhyperbolic equilibrium, the critical value of the parameters for the Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation is obtained. The conditions for the characteristic equation having negative real parts are discussed. Using the normal form theory of Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation for retarded functional differential equations, the corresponding normal form restricted to the associated two-dimensional center manifold is calculated and the versal unfolding is considered. The parameter conditions for saddle-node bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation and homoclinic bifurcation are obtained. Numerical simulations are given to support the analytical results.     

Qualitative analysis of a stochastic ratio-dependent predator-prey system

A stochastic ratio-dependent predator-prey model is investigated in this paper. By the comparison theorem of stochastic equations and Itô’s formula, we obtain the global existence of a positive unique solution of the ratio-dependent model. Besides, a condition for species to be extinct is given and a persistent condition is established. We also conclude that both the prey population and the ratio-dependent function are stable in time average. In the end, numerical simulations are carried out to confirm our findings.     

Dynamical analysis of a delayed ratio-dependent Holling-Tanner predator-prey model

In this paper, a delayed Holling-Tanner predator-prey model with ratio-dependent functional response is considered. It is proved that the model system is permanent under certain conditions. The local asymptotic stability and the Hopf-bifurcation results are discussed. Qualitative behaviour of the singularity (0,0) is explored by using a blow up transformation. Global asymptotic stability analysis of the positive equilibrium is carried out. Numerical simulations are presented for the support of our analytical findings.     

Turing instability for a ratio-dependent predator-prey model with diffusion

Ratio-dependent predator-prey models have been increasingly favored by field ecologists where predator-prey interactions have to be taken into account the process of predation search. In this paper we study the conditions of the existence and stability properties of the equilibrium solutions in a reaction-diffusion model in which predator mortality is neither a constant nor an unbounded function, but it is increasing with the predator abundance. We show that analytically at a certain critical value a diffusion driven (Turing type) instability occurs, i.e. the stationary solution stays stable with respect to the kinetic system (the system without diffusion). We also show that the stationary solution becomes unstable with respect to the system with diffusion and that Turing bifurcation takes place: a spatially non-homogenous (non-constant) solution (structure or pattern) arises. A numerical scheme that preserve the positivity of the numerical solutions and the boundedness of prey solution will be presented. Numerical examples are also included.     

Analysis of stability for a discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey system

The paper investigated the dynamical behaviors of a two-species discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey system. The local stability of the equilibria is obtained by using the linearization method. Further, a new sufficient condition on the global asymptotic stability of the positive equilibrium is established by using an iteration scheme and the comparison principle of difference equations.     

Multiplicity of periodic solutions for a delayed ratio-dependent predator-prey model with Holling type III functional response and harvesting terms

By using the generalized continuation theorem, the existence of four positive periodic solutions for a delayed ratio-dependent predator-prey model with Holling type III functional response

     

Periodic solutions of a discrete time nonautonomous ratio-dependent predator-prey system

With the help of differential equations with piecewise constant arguments, we first propose a discrete analogue of continuous time ratio-dependent predator-prey system, which is governed by nonautonomous difference equations, modeling the dynamics of the prey and the predator having nonoverlapping generations. Then, easily verifiable sufficient criteria are established for the existence of positive periodic solutions. The approach is based on the coincidence degree and the related continuation theorem as well as some priori estimates.     

Dynamics of a ratio-dependent eco-epidemiological system with prey harvesting

In this article, we study a ratio-dependent eco-epidemiological system where prey population is subjected to harvesting. Mathematical results like positive invariance, boundedness, stability of equilibria, and permanence of the system have been established. The dynamics of zero equilibria have been thoroughly investigated to find out conditions on the system parameters such that trajectories starting from the domain of interest can reach a zero equilibrium following any fixed direction. We have also studied suitable conditions for non-existence of a periodic solution around the interior equilibrium. Computer simulations have been carried out to illustrate different analytical findings.     

Qualitative analysis for a ratio-dependent predator-prey model with disease and diffusion

This paper is purported to study a reaction diffusion system arising from a ratio-dependent predator-prey model with disease. We study the dynamical behavior of the predator-prey system. The conditions for the permanent and existence of steady states and their stability are established. We can obtain the bounds for positive steady state of the corresponding elliptic system. The non-existence results of non-constant positive solutions are derived.     

Dynamic analysis of a non-autonomous ratio-dependent predator-prey model with additional food

In this paper, a non-autonomous ratio-dependent three species predator-prey system with additional food to top predator was proposed. The permanence of the model is obtained. Based on the continuation theorem, the sufficient conditions for the existence of a periodic solution are obtained. By using the method of Lyapunov function, we prove that the system exists a unique positive almost periodic solution under some certain conditions.     

Permanence and periodicity of a delayed ratio-dependent predator-prey model with stage structure

A periodic ratio-dependent predator-prey model with time delays and stage structure for both prey and predator is investigated. It is assumed that immature individuals and mature individuals of each species are divided by a fixed age, and that immature predators do not have the ability to attack prey. Sufficient conditions are derived for the permanence and existence of positive periodic solutions of the model. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the feasibility of our main results.     

On selective harvesting of an inshore-offshore fishery: a bioeconomic model

In the present paper, a bioeconomic model is developed for the selective harvesting of a single species, inshore-offshore fishery, assuming that the growth of the species is governed by the Gompertz law. The dynamical system governing the fishery is studied in depth; the local and global stability of its non-trivial steady state are examined. Existence of a bionomic equilibrium is established under different parametric considerations. The optimal harvest policy is discussed by invoking Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. Lastly, the results are illustrated with the help of a numerical example. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Dynamic behaviour of a delayed predator-prey model with harvesting

In this paper, we analyze the dynamics of a delayed predator-prey system in the presence of harvesting. This is a modified version of the Leslie-Gower and Holling-type II scheme. The main result is given in terms of local stability, global stability, influence of harvesting and bifurcation. Direction of Hopf bifurcation and the stability of bifurcating periodic solutions are also studied by using the normal form method and center manifold theorem.     

Persistence and stability for a two-species ratio-dependent predator-prey system with distributed time delay

A two-species ratio-dependent predator-prey model with distributed time delay is investigated. It is shown that the system is persistent under some appropriate conditions, and sufficient conditions are obtained for both the local and global stability of the positive equilibrium of the system.     

一类具有时滞的比率依赖型捕食者-食饵系统周期正解的存在性

考虑一类具有时滞的比率依赖型捕食者-食饵系统,利用重合度理论中的延拓定理,得到系统存在正周期解的充分条件.     

Global stability of a delayed ratio-dependent predator-prey model with Gompertz growth for prey

A delayed ratio-dependent predator-prey model with Gompertz growth for prey is investigated. The local stability of a predator-extinction equilibrium and a coexistence equilibrium is discussed. Furthermore, the existence of Hopf bifurcation at the coexistence equilibrium is established. By constructing a Lyapunov functional, sufficient conditions are obtained for the global stability of the coexistence equilibrium.     

Dynamics of a ratio-dependent prey-predator system with selective harvesting of predator species

The dynamics of a prey-predator system, where predator population has two stages, juvenile and adult with harvesting are modelled by a system of delay differential equation. Our analysis shows that, both the delay and harvesting effort may play a significant role on the stability of the system. Numerical simulations are given to illustrate the results.