一种带有U形波导的交叉信道单微环电光开关

本文利用耦合模理论,电光调制理论和传输矩阵法,提出了一个带有U形波导的交叉信道单微环电光开关的器件模型,并在谐振波长为1561 nm的情况下对该器件进行了仿真计算.结果表明,该电光开关的开关电压约为400 V,串扰小于-30 dB,插入损耗小于4 dB,开关时间仅为5.4 ps,其中微环上的上升和下降时间仅为0.32 ps.此外,该电光开关由单刀双掷开关控制,通过在微环和U形波导上加载驱动电压可实现三种开关状态,不仅可以实现光信号在两条输出信道的选择,还可以使两条信道同时有光信号输出.     

反相电极聚合物定向耦合电光开关的优化设计

为了消除单节电极定向耦合电光开关的工艺误差对器件性能的不良影响,应用耦合模理论、电光调制理论、保角变换及镜像法,优化设计了一种两节交替反相电极聚合物定向耦合电光开关.模拟结果表明,该器件具有良好的开关性能:在1 550 nm的工作波长下,器件耦合区的长度为4 753.5 μm,交叉态电压为1.22 V,直通态电压为2.65 V,插入损耗小于2.21 dB,串扰小于-30 dB.通过微调状态电压,可以很容易地消除工艺误差对器件性能产生的不良影响.本文方法的设计结果与光束传播法的仿真结果符合得很好.     

一种定向耦合器型高聚物光开关设计

本文提出了一种基于定向耦合器型的高分子聚合物波导光开关设计,其突出特点是极低的波长相关性和耦合区几何尺寸敏感度,可采用橡胶成型工艺(Rubber Molding Process)实现高聚物波导在硅基底上的快速转印成型.利用BPM方法进行了器件的波导结构设计及性能模拟,插入损耗为0.4-0.6 dB,串扰<-32 dB,偏振相关损耗约为0.08 dB,电光系数r33＝14 pm/V时,器件的开关电压为42 V.     

聚合物串联耦合双环电光开关的优化

利用耦合模理论、电光调制理论和微环谐振理论,提出一个聚合物串联耦合双环电光开关器件模型,在1.55 μm谐振波长下对该器件进行了模拟和优化.结果为：微环波导芯截面尺寸为1.6×1.6 μm2,波导芯与电极间的限制层厚度为1.6 μm,电极厚度为0.15 μm,微环半径为15.2 μm,微环与信道间的耦合间距为0.14 μm,微环与微环间的耦合间距为0.6 μm,输出光谱的3 dB带宽约为0.06 nm,开关电压约为6 V左右,插入损耗约为2.2 dB,串扰约为－20 dB.所设计的双环电光开关较单环型电光开关不仅输出光谱更加平坦陡峭,非谐振光更弱,而且开关电压更低.     

聚合物定向耦合电光开关的模拟和优化

阐述了定向耦合电光开关的基本结构及工作原理,利用耦合模理论和电光调制理论,在1 550 nm波长下,对器件的结构参量进行了优化,并对其传输光谱、开关电压、插入损耗、串扰等特性进行了分析.模拟过程中,考虑了因金属电极和聚合物材料引起的模式损耗.器件的结构参量优化值为：波导芯截面尺寸为1.7×1.7 μm2,波导芯与电极间的限制层厚度为1.5 μm、电极厚度为0.15 μm,波导间的耦合间距为2.0 μm,相应的耦合长度为2 926 μm.模拟结果表明,本文所设计的器件在开关转换电压0和17.4 V下,在1 534到1 565 nm的波长范围内,器件的插入损耗小于0.16 dB,串扰小于－20 dB,耦合区在2 734~3 120 μm范围内,器件的插入损耗小于0.22 dB,串扰小于－20 dB.     

聚合物微环电光开关的模拟和优化

利用耦合模理论、电光调制理论和微环谐振理论,提出一个完善合理的聚合物微环电光开关的器件模型,并给出了可用以分析微环谐振过程的光强传递函数,据此在谐振波长1 550 nm下对该器件进行了模拟和优化.结果表明：微环波导芯截面尺寸为1.8×1.8 μm2,波导芯与电极间的限制层厚度为1.1 μm,电极厚度为0.15 μm,微环半径为15.2 μm,微环与信道间的耦合间距为0.16 μm,光绕微环转300 圈即可形成稳定的谐振状态,此时的谐振时间约为147.4 ps.不加电压时,下信道的插入损耗约为0.8 dB,上信道的串扰约为－26 dB;当取工作电压等于19.7 V为开关电压时,上信道的插入损耗约为0.34 dB,下信道的串扰约为－20 dB.     

1×N信道聚合物微环谐振器电光开关阵列的开关特性

利用耦合模理论、电光调制理论和微环谐振理论,提出了一个完善合理的聚合物微环谐振器电光开关阵列模型.该器件由1条水平信道、N条竖直信道和N个微环构成,在微环上施加不同方式的驱动电压,可以实现N+1条信道的开关功能.以1×8信道结构为例,在1 550 nm谐振波长下对该器件进行了优化设计和模拟分析.其结果是:微环波导芯的截面尺寸为1.7×1.7 μm2,波导芯与电极间的缓冲层厚度为2.5 μm,电极厚度为0.2 μm,微环半径为13.76 μm,微环与信道间的耦合间距为0.14 μm,输出光谱的3 dB带宽约为0.05 nm,开关电压约为12.6 V,插入损耗约为0.67～1.26 dB,串扰小于-20 dB,开关时间约为11.35 ps.     

聚合物微环谐振器电光开关阵列的优化与模拟

利用耦合模理论、电光调制理论和微环谐振理论,提出了一个聚合物微环谐振器电光开关阵列的模型.该器件由N-1个微环和N条平行信道构成,在微环上施加不同方式的驱动电压,可以实现N条信道的开关功能.以7微环8信道结构为例,在1550 nm谐振波长下对该器件进行了优化和模拟.结果表明,微环波导芯的截面尺寸为1.7μm×1.7μm,波导芯与电极间的缓冲层厚度为2.5 μm,电极厚度为0.2μm,微环半径为13.76 μm,微环与信道间的耦合间距为0.14μm,输出光谱的3 dB带宽约为0.05 nm,开关电压约为8.1 V左右,插入损耗约为0.23～4.6 dB,串扰小于-20 dB.     

两节推挽极化波导Y型耦合器电光开关特性分析（英文）

针对两节独立反相集总电极聚合物Y型耦合器电光开关响应速度慢的问题,通过对该器件两节电光区的波导进行推挽极化,设计了一种无偏置行波电极高速电光开关.为了获得低的驱动电压、良好的阻抗匹配和光波与微波间较小的折射率失配,对电极参数做了设计和优化.通过对施加的方波开关信号做傅里叶变换并结合行波传输线理论,给出了一种用于建模和表征器件高频响应的解析分析法.对该器件的数值计算结果表明,在1 550nm中心工作波长下,其3dB状态电压为0 V,开关电压为2.68V,上分支状态电压和下分支状态电压分别为-1.34V和+1.34V,器件的插入损耗和串扰分别小于3.55和-30dB,10%~90%上升时间和下降时间均为3.90ps,截止开关频率可达128.2GHz.     

1×|N 信道聚合物微环谐振器电光开关阵列的开关特性

利用耦合模理论、电光调制理论和微环谐振理论,提出了一个完善合理的聚合物微环谐振器电光开关阵列模型.该器件由1条水平信道、N条竖直信道和N个微环构成,在微环上施加不同方式的驱动电压,可以实现N＋1条信道的开关功能.以1×8信道结构为例,在1 550 nm谐振波长下对该器件进行了优化设计和模拟分析.其结果是：微环波导芯的截面尺寸为1.7×1.7 μm2,波导芯与电极间的缓冲层厚度为2.5 μm,电极厚度为0.2 μm,微环半径为13.76 μm,微环与信道间的耦合间距为0.14 μm,输出光谱的3 dB带宽约为0.05 nm,开关电压约为12.6 V,插入损耗约为0.67~1.26 dB,串扰小于－20 dB,开关时间约为11.35 ps.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.