在纳米晶Co—Mo／Ni复合电极上的析氢反应

采用复合电镀的方法将不同球磨时间制备的高催化活性的纳米晶Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ合金粉直接镀在电极表面，用稳态极化曲线及交流阻抗技术测试了这些电极析氢的电化学活性，并用Ｘ射线衍射，透射电镜及Ｘ射线光电子能谱，扫描电镜监测了Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ合金粉的物相结构，晶粒尺寸和复合镀的成份，形貌，实验结果表明，Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ纳米晶合金粉有较高的析氢催化活性，球磨使钴钼粉合金化成为纳米晶，一方面增加了复合镀层的真实表面积，另一方面由于     

在纳米晶Co－Mo／Ni复合电极上的析氢反应

采用复合电镀的方法将不同球磨时间制备的高催化活性的纳米晶Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ合金粉直接镀在电极表面,用稳态极化曲线及交流阻抗技术测试了这些电极析氢的电化学活性,并用Ｘ射线衍射、透射电镜及Ｘ射线光电子能谱、扫描电镜监测了Ｃｏ－ＭＯ合金粉的物相结构、晶粒尺寸和复合镀层的成份、形貌,实验结果表明,Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ纳米晶合金粉有较高的析氢催化活性。球磨使钴钼粉合金化成为纳米晶,一方面增加了复合镀层的真实表面积,另一方面由于纳米晶合金具有高比例的表面活性原子,致使析氢活化能降低,加快了析氢反应,研究表明在不太高温度下,电化学脱附的活化能和整个析氢反应的活化能一致。说明电化学脱附为速度控制步骤。     

Ni—Mo合金复合镀层上的析氢反应

用稳态极化曲线及交流阻抗等电化学技术研究了不同沉积条件（沉积温度、沉积时间、沉积电流、镀液组成）所得纳米晶Ｎｉ－Ｍｏ合金复合镀层上的析氢反应，并用扫描电镜及Ｘ光能谱监测了电极表面的形貌及镀层组成，实验结果表明：沉积温度３０℃、沉积７２００ｓ，较大的沉积电流及含钼镀液对析氢更为有利     

纳米晶Ni-Mo合金复合镀层中钼含量对析氢反应的影响

本文利用复合电镀的方法, 将用高能机械球磨制备的纳米晶Ni-Mo合金粉制成对析氢反应有高催化性的电极。用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪测试了这些纳米晶的大小及复合镀层的组成, 用稳态极化曲线及交流阻抗技术测试了这些电极析氢的电化学特性。实验结果表明: 在本文研究的范围内镀层中钼含量的增加可以提高电极析氢的催化活性, 电化学脱附是这些电极上析氢反应速度的决定步骤。     

Ni—WC复合电极的结晶结构及其电化学性能的研究

本文在优选的工艺条件下制备了Ｎｉ－ＷＣ复合电极。其ＳＥＭ观察和ＸＲＤ测试结果表明：复合电极中的Ｎｉ是以比Ｎｉ电极的Ｎｉ更微小的晶粒存在。复合电沉积过程中，导电性的ＷＣ微粒的存在，对基质金属Ｎｉ的电沉积方式产生了影响，使基质金属Ｎｉ几乎无择优取向性。采用循环伏安法对其电化学性能进行研究，实验结果表明：Ｎｉ－ＷＣ复合电极在碱性水溶液析氢反应中与Ｈ质子之间的吸附作用及吸附量高于Ｎｉ电极，对硝基苯的电还原反应具有比Ｎｉ电极更良好的催化活性。     

锆系Laves相储氢合金电极的性能研究

Ｚｒ（Ｖ０．２Ｍｎ０．２Ｍｏ０．０６Ｎｉ０．５４）２．４合金经ＨＦ溶液处理后，合金表面由富Ｚｒ和富Ｍｎ层转变成富Ｎｉ层，从而使电极初期活化周期明显缩短，电极表面氢吸附性能改善。表面反应电阻减小。本文探讨了上述电极表面反应机理，即表面Ｎｉ的催化、氢吸附和氢转移机理，对阻抗谱进行拟合，给出了相应的电极反应等效电路。     

表面化学镀对贮氢合金MmNi3.8Co0.5Mn0.4Al0.3性能的影响

在贮氢合金ＭｍＮｉ３．８Ｃｏ０．５Ｍｎ０．４Ａｌ０．３（Ｍｍ为混合希土）粉末表面分别进行化学镀Ｃｕ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｎｉ－Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ－Ｓｎ，Ｎｉ－Ｗ。结果表明不同化学镀对合金贮氢性能有很大影响。     

(Ni-Co)-WC复合电极的析氢催化性能

采用 复合电沉 积方法获 得了（ Ｎｉ Ｃｏ） Ｗ Ｃ 复合电极 ,考 察了 复合 电极 在弱 酸性、碱性 和中性介质 中的析 氢电催化 性能,并 在弱酸性 介质中 进行了电 化学稳定 性实验 ． 结果 表明,复 合电极具有优越 的析氢 电催化性 能和良好 的电化 学稳定性 ．     

复合镀层中ZrO2微粒对基质Ni晶体结构的影响

采用复合电沉积方法制备了Ｎｉ－ＺｒＯ２复合镀层，探讨了ＺｒＯ２微粒引起的基质金属Ｎｉ的晶体择优取向及点阵常数的变化，及其对析氢电催化活性的影响。结果表明，ＺｒＯ２微粒的存在改变了Ｎｉ的电沉积层结构，使基质金属Ｎｉ产生新的沿（２２０）晶面的择优取向。这一新的择优取向不利于析氢反应。择优取向的改变说明复合电沉积过程中，Ｎｉ与ＺｒＯ２微粒是以一定的界面匹配进入复合镀层的，基质金属Ｎｉ点阵参数的改变也证明     

机械合金化Mg/MmNi5-x(CoAlMn)x复合储氢合金的组织结构与吸氢特性

运用Ｘ射线衍射、扫描电及粒度分析等方法表征了机械合金化制备Ｍｇ／ＭｎＮｉ５－ｘ（ＣｏＡｌＭｎ）ｘ复合储氢合金的结构,通过ＰＣＴ曲线研究了基储氢性能。结果表明,在适当的球磨条件下能够获得纳米晶结构的Ｍｇ／ＭｎＮｉ５－ｘ（ＣｏＡｌＭｎ）ｘ复合储氢合金,ＭｍＮｉ５－ｘ（ＣｏＡｌＭｎ）ｘ合金相彘,复合储氢合金的活化性能及储氢量有明显提高。此外,还考察了Ｍｇ含量对复合储氢合金的组织结构及储氢性能的影响。     

Ni-WC复合电极在弱酸性介质中的析氢催化性能

复合电沉积技术可以用来获得许多具有特殊功能的表层复合材料[1]．其中，用来制各具有电催化活性的表层功能复合材料，引起了人们的极大兴趣[2－4]．对酸性介质中氢的析出反应，金属和合金电催化作用的研究已有不少报导[5－8]，但金属基复合物电催化作用研究的报告，尚不多见．本研究工作米用复合电沉积方法制备WC微粒弥散于Ni中的复合镀层，考察了其在弱酸性介质中析氢反应的电催化性能．1实验制各Ni－WC复合电极的基础镇液组成为NiSO4·6H2O310g·L－1，NiCl2·6H2O50g·L－1，H3BO340g·L-1．所用试剂均为分析纯级，用去离子水…     

Elaboration by high-energy ball milling of copper/palladium composite materials – characterization and electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of nitrate in alkaline medium

In this study, an original approach was explored to decorate copper particles with palladium and well-defined bimetallic copper/palladium powders were elaborated through a two-step ball milling procedure. First, copper powder was milled with previously determined optimal conditions (ball-to-powder mass ratio of 2, milling duration of 6 h under argon) in order to obtain spherical nanocrystalline copper particles with an average diameter of 800 μm. Then, an additional milling in presence of 1 at.% of palladium powder was performed, leading to the formation of Cu–Pd composite materials. Palladium surface concentrations from 3 to 62 at.% were obtained by varying both the ball-to-powder mass ratio (2:1 or 10:1) and the milling duration (from 5 to 30 min). Scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed that the more intense the milling is, the easier the palladium diffuses into the copper matrix and smaller the palladium concentration on copper particles is. Cyclic voltammetry and electrolysis experiments showed that palladium inclusions on copper improve greatly the electrocatalytic activity for nitrate reduction in alkaline media. The key role of Pd in the Pd–Cu composite electrodes is to accelerate the reduction of nitrite, formed by the electrochemical reduction of nitrate on Cu sites. Also different nitrate electroreduction behaviors were observed at copper and copper–palladium electrodes leading to the preferential formation of nitrite or ammonia depending on the applied potential and the Pd surface concentration.     

Ball-milling MoS_2/carbon black hybrid material for catalyzing hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic medium

Replacing platinum for catalyzing hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) in acidic medium remains great challenges. Herein, we prepared few-layered Mo S2 by ball milling as an efficient catalyst for HER in acidic medium. The activity of as-prepared Mo S2 had a strong dependence on the ball milling time. Furthermore,Ketjen Black EC 300 J was added into the ball-milled Mo S2 followed by a second ball milling, and the resultant Mo S2/carbon black hybrid material showed a much higher HER activity than Mo S2 and carbon black alone.The enhanced activity of the Mo S2/carbon black hybrid material was attributed to the increased abundance of catalytic edge sites of Mo S2 and excellent electrical coupling to the underlying carbon network.     

电沉积多孔复合Ni-P/LaNi5电极及其析氢电催化性能

采用复合电沉积制备了Ni-P/(LaNi₅+Al) 复合镀层, 然后将镀层浸泡在浓碱液中除铝, 成功得到多孔复合Ni-P/LaNi₅电极. 通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)仪等技术表征了电极的表面形貌、组成和相结构. 运用电化学线性伏安扫描(LSV)、恒电位电解、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等手段研究了电极在20%(w) NaOH溶液中的析氢反应(HER)电催化性和稳定性. 结果表明, 与多孔Ni-P 电极相比, 多孔复合Ni-P/LaNi₅电极具有低的析氢过电位、高的比表面积和高的稳定性能; 多孔Ni-P/LaNi₅电极的析氢反应的表观活化自由能为35.44 kJ·mol^-1, 低于多孔Ni-P 的值(50.91 kJ·mol^-1).     

利用球磨制备AB2-AB5复合贮氢合金及其电极性能和微观结构研究

为了改善Zr基AB₂-型贮氢合金的电极性能，本文选择稀土基AB₅型贮氢合金作为表面改性剂，将Zr_0.9Ti_0.1(Mn_0.35Ni_0.50V_0.15)₂(简称AB₂)合金与稀土基AB₅型合金(简称AB₅)进行混合和球磨处理，制备了AB₂-AB相似文献   

锂离子电池中SnCu_x/CMS复合材料的制备

将亚微米SnCux合金颗粒分布于中间相碳微球(CMS)载体表面构成的复合材料,电化学测试表明其制备的电极可逆比容量390mAhg-1,相对单纯CMS电极提高26%;第二次循环后电极充放电效率接近100%,循环30次后容量衰减率低于5%.复合材料的电化学性能受合金含量、合金颗粒与载体间的结合强度,合金颗粒在载体表面的分布均匀程度,以及合金颗粒尺寸等因素影响.该类复合材料可用作为锂离子电池中的负极.     

Electrochemical deposition and characterization of NiCu coatings as cathode materials for hydrogen evolution reaction

In this study, NiCu composite coatings were electrochemically deposited on a copper electrode (Cu/NiCu) and characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) techniques in view of their possible applications as electrocatalytic materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The HER activity of the prepared electrodes were studied in 1 M KOH solution by cathodic current–potential curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. It was found that, the NiCu coating has a porous structure and good electrocatalytic activity for the HER in alkaline medium. The HER activity of the Cu/NiCu electrode was higher than uncoated (Cu) and Ni coated (Cu/Ni) copper electrodes. Its catalytic activity was related to the porosity as well as synergistic interaction of Ni and Cu.