可调谐准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换

高效宽带二次谐波转换在光通信、信号处理和光谱学等很多领域都有重要的应用.通常高效宽带二次谐波转换的研究都集中在几个波长,为了得到可调谐准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换,理论分析了准相位匹配和群速度匹配条件.在此基础上,分别计算了0型和Ⅰ型准相位匹配情况下,温度对5 mol%掺杂氧化镁周期性极化铌酸锂和周期性极化铌酸锂晶体准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换的影响.对于5 mol%掺杂氧化镁周期性极化铌酸锂晶体,在0型和Ⅰ型准相位匹配情况下,分别得到了调谐宽度15 nm和341 nm的可调谐准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换;对于周期性极化铌酸锂晶体,在0型和Ⅰ型准相位匹配情况下,分别得到了调谐宽度44 nm和98 nm的可调谐准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换.拓展了准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换的波长范围.     

I型准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂倍频蓝光输出

在周期为 14 .5 μm的周期性极化铌酸锂中 ,利用d3 1,得到了一阶I型EωYEωY-E2ωZ (oo-e)准相位匹配蓝光二次谐波。在 15 0℃下 ,由 114 μJ抽运光 ,得到了 5 2 μJ ,0 .4 73μm倍频蓝光 ,对应于平均最大转换效率 4 5 .6 %。制备了一阶和三阶周期分别为 4 .5 μm和 13.5 μm的周期性极化铌酸锂。在EωZEωZ-E2ωZ (ee -e)准相位匹配 0 .4 73μm蓝光倍频中 ,15 0℃下 ,分别得到了 4 1.3%和 19%的倍频转换效率。oo -e准相位匹配比传统的ee -e准相位匹配有较大的光栅周期 ,尤其在短波长区域倍频输出应用中 ,降低了周期性结构制作的困难 ,其较大的容许带宽在实验中提高了频率转换效率。实验结果表明了在周期性极化铌酸锂中准相位匹配倍频的偏振相关性。     

准相位匹配PPLN倍频理论研究与优化设计

对准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂(PPLN)倍频进行了理论研究，并对聚焦高斯光束条件下的倍频耦合波方程进行了求解，给出了准相位匹配倍频转换效率公式，分析了晶体长度与聚焦程度的关系，在此基础上对倍频谐振腔进行了优化设计，以期获得最大的倍频转换效率.本结果对准相位匹配倍频器件的设计具有一定的指导意义. 关键词： 倍频 准相位匹配 周期性极化铌酸锂     

Ⅰ型准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂倍频蓝光输出

在周期为14．5μm的周期性极化铌酸锂中,利用d31得到了一阶Ⅰ型EY^ωEY^ω-Ez^2ω(oo-e)准相位匹配蓝光二次谐波。在150C下,由114μJ抽运光,得到了52μJ,0．473μm倍频蓝光,对应于平均最大转换效率45．6%。制备了一阶和三阶周期分别为4．5μm和13．5μm的周期性极化铌酸锂。在EY^ωEY^ω-Ez^2ω(ee-e)准相位匹配0．473μm蓝光倍频中。150C下,分别得到了41．3%和19%的倍频转换效率。oo-e准相位匹配比传统的ee-e准相位匹配有较大的光栅周期,尤其在短波长区域倍频输出应用中,降低了周期性结构制作的困难,其较大的容许带宽在实验中提高了频率转换效率。实验结果表明了在周期性极化铌酸锂中准相位匹配倍频的偏振相关性。     

宽带准连续光纤激光在周期极化铌酸锂中倍频特性的研究

双包层光纤激光器和非线性光学材料(如周期性极化的铌酸锂晶体,PPLN)相结合,开辟了实用性非线性光学器件的一个新领域。研究了准相位匹配周期性极化反转铌酸锂晶体对宽带准连续光纤激光倍频的温度特性和频谱特性。在理论上,从准相位匹配相位失配关系出发,推导了晶体温度与抽运源中心波长的关系以及温度响应带宽,并和已报道实验结果进行了比较,二者符合得很好。此外,还推导了倍频周期极化铌酸锂晶体对抽运基频光源的响应谱线带宽。在实验上,采用长度20mm,极化周期6．5μm,厚度0．5mm的周期极化铌酸锂晶体光纤激光器准连续宽带输出进行了倍频,获得了在不同控制温度下的倍频光光谱,并对此进行了详细分析。     

周期性极化铌酸锂晶体中半非共线型宽带光学参变放大理论研究

基于周期性极化铌酸锂晶体(PPLN)的准相位匹配光参变放大过程,通过倾斜周期极化铌酸锂晶体中极化域(极化光栅)一定角度,实现了介于共线匹配方式和非共线匹配方式之间的一种半非共线型准相位匹配方式,并以该匹配方式下的各光矢量几何关系得出相位匹配曲线,找到在特定抽运光和信号光波长下能获得宽带增益放大的周期极化长度。并研究其极化倾斜角度与温度特性。模拟计算表明,在合适的角度与温度条件下,该方式可以532 nm抽运光抽运的信号光在800 nm和1064 nm处均获得宽带光参变放大。     

周期性极化铌酸锂波导全光开关特性分析

从理论方面研究了基于和频与差频级联二阶非线性效应的周期性极化铌酸锂波导全光开关的特性,给出了耦合模方程在满足相位匹配条件下小信号近似的解析表达式.用数值方法求解耦合模方程,讨论了相位失配情况下输出的信号光功率与控制光功率的关系.分析了全光开关器件的极化反转光栅周期、晶体温度、控制光波长等参量的容差特性与相互作用长度和晶体温度的关系 关键词： 级联二阶非线性 光开关 准相位匹配 周期性极化铌酸锂     

高功率中红外3.8 μm激光器

 采用1.06 μm激光泵浦准相位匹配周期极化铌酸锂（PPMgLN）晶体光参量振荡器,实现高功率高效率高重复频率3.84 μm中红外激光输出。泵浦源为椭圆光斑1.06 μm激光,PPMgLN晶体MgO摩尔分数为5%,光参量振荡器为外腔单谐振结构,采用e→e+e相位匹配,利用了PPMgLN晶体的最大非线性系数。在1.06 μm激光功率为73 W,声光Q开关工作频率为7.5 kHz的条件下,获得平均功率8.3 W,波长3.84 μm激光输出,光-光转换斜率效率14.1％,水平和垂直方向光束质量平方因子分别为1.94,4.57。     

一阶准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂倍频产生18 mW绿光连续输出

通过高压脉冲电场极化 ,制备了周期为 6 5 μm、长为 12mm、宽为 10mm、厚为 0 5mm的一阶准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂 ;由 1 1W连续 1 0 6 μmNd∶YAG激光器抽运 ,在 5°时产生了约 18mW、0 .5 32 μm的倍频连续绿光 ,其对应的二次谐波转换效率约为 1 6 % ,二次谐波的归一化转换效率约为 1 5 %cm- 1 W- 1 ,相当于 79%的周期性极化铌酸锂的理想非线性系数。测量了抽运光功率与倍频光功率的关系     

周期性极化铌酸锂晶体光参量振荡调谐与容差特性分析

研究了周期性极化铌酸锂晶体光参量振荡的工作机理,并讨论了其波长调谐特性与极化反转光栅周期、抽运光波长与晶体温度的关系.在此基础上,通过对相位失配因子求微分的方案,分析了光参量振荡的增益与光栅周期、抽运光波长与晶体温度的关系,以及光栅周期、抽运光波长与晶体温度容差的关系 关键词： 准相位匹配 周期性极化铌酸锂 光参量振荡     

Spectral properties and quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a new active medium: optical superlattice Nd:MgO:LiNbO3

3 crystal – was grown in our Laboratory. The absorption and fluorescence spectra were measured and show some differences from the results of common Nd:MgO:LiNbO₃ with monodomain structure. Third-order quasi-phase-matched violet second-harmonic generation in the sample was demonstrated to characterize the quality of the crystal. The properties indicate that the periodically poled optical superlattice Nd:MgO:LiNbO₃ has great potential for constructing a blue or green light source through self-frequency-doubling operation using the maximum nonlinear optical coefficient d₃₃ of LiNbO₃ and the high-gain π polarization at the same time. Received: 22 August 1997/Revised version: 10 January 1998     

Light Wave Interactions in Active Nonlinear Crystals with Quadratic Nonlinearity

Recent results in the field of three-frequency wave interaction in homogeneous and inhomogeneous (periodically poled) active nonlinear crystals with quadratic nonlinearity are reviewed. The quasi-phase-matched processes of self-frequency doubling, self-frequency halving, and frequency mixing of the pump and laser radiations are studied. The consecutive quasi-phase-matched processes of the third-harmonic generation and parametric amplification with low-frequency pumping in periodically poled active nonlinear crystals are also investigated. The analysis is carried out for the case of a periodically poled Nd:Mg:LiNbO₃ crystal. Perspectives of using periodically poled active nonlinear crystals in laser devices with self-frequency conversion are discussed.     

Quasi-phase matching in LiNbO3 using nonlinear coefficients in the XY plane

We report quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN), where both fundamental and second-harmonic waves are ordinary waves. It provides a lower-limit value for d₂₂ of 1.1 pm/V. The measured temperature and wavelength bandwidth of the second-harmonic signal are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. Since the d₂₂=d_YYY nonlinear coefficient of LiNbO₃ changes its sign as a result of electric field periodic poling along the Z direction, we deduce that all tensor components of the second-order susceptibility χ⁽²⁾ of trigonal 3m crystals are reversed, thereby expanding the quasi-phase-matching possibilities in these crystals. Furthermore, it enables the realization of all-optical processes based on the nonlinear coefficients in the XY plane, such as all-optical polarization rotation in PPLN, as well as multipartite entanglement experiments based on simultaneous phase matching using different elements of χ⁽²⁾ in a single LiNbO₃ crystal. PACS 42.65.-k; 42.65.Ky; 42.65.Lm     

Interaction of light waves in active nonlinear and periodically poled nonlinear crystals

The results of classical and quantum studies of the laser-radiation self-frequency conversion processes in periodically poled active nonlinear crystals are overviewed. The theoretical and experimental results of studying quasi-phase-matched self-frequency doubling and summation of the laser and pump frequencies in an active nonlinear periodically poled Nd:Mg:LiNbO₃ crystal are presented. The possibility of producing frequency-and polarization-entangled states and the sub-Poisson field statistics through a consecutive nonlinear optical frequency conversion in periodically poled nonlinear crystals is considered.     

利用光衍射效应探测周期极化微结构晶体

以光栅衍射理论为基础，从理论上分析研究了微结构晶体衍射效率与占空比和折射率的关系.采用波长为532nm，最大功率为80mW 的连续激光为光源，分别对周期极化掺镁铌酸锂微结构晶体和周期极化同成分铌酸锂微结构晶体的占空比及极化反转引起的折射率变化进行了测试.测试结果表明，掺镁铌酸锂晶体周期极化反转所引起的折射率改变量大于同成分铌酸锂晶体极化反转所引起的折射率变化. 关键词： 光栅衍射 占空比 折射率变化     

Widely phase-matched tunable difference-frequency generation in periodically poled LiNbO3 crystal

We report on the development of a laser source in the mid-infrared spectral region based on difference-frequency generation (DFG) in a periodically poled LiNbO₃ (PPLN) crystal. Continuously tunable coherent radiation from 2.75 to 4.78 μm was produced by optical parametric interaction between a diode-pumped monolithic continuous-wave (CW) Nd:YAG laser operating at 1.064 μm and a CW Ti:Sapphire laser tunable from 767 to 871 nm. Temperature-dependent quasi-phase-matched DFG wavelength acceptance bandwidth was studied and characterized. An empiric formula is given to estimate the phase-matched wavelength acceptance bandwidth as a function of the crystal temperature at Λ = 22.5 μm. A large frequency scan of 128 cm⁻¹ (about 78 cm⁻¹ above 1 μW) near 4.2 μm was achieved. The whole absorption spectrum of the P and R branches of the ν₃ band of atmospheric carbon dioxide has been recorded with a single phase-matched frequency scan.     

52% optical-to-optical conversion efficiency in a compact 1.5 W 532 nm second harmonic generation laser with intracavity periodically-poled MgO:LiNbO<Subscript>3</Subscript>

Intracavity second-harmonic generation of 1.56 and 1.52 W continuous-wave 532 nm green laser radiation was obtained by quasi-phase matching in periodically-poled MgO:LiNbO₃ (MgO:PPLN) crystals with lengths of 2 and 1 mm, respectively. The maximum optical-to-optical efficiency achieved was 52%. The intracavity temperature bandwidth was 15 and 12°C for 1 mm crystal and 2 mm crystal, respectively.     

Efficient second-harmonic generation of ultrashort pulses with simultaneous quasi-phase matching and group velocity matching in periodic 90° domain structures of potassium niobate

Triple-line-shaped electrodes were devised to fabricate a periodically poled 90° domain structure of KNbO₃ (PP90KN) of 20.25 μm period with uniform periodicity and reproducibility. Using the fundamental pulse of 141 fs duration at 1619 nm wavelength, an efficient broadband type-I quasi-phase-matched second-harmonic generation was realized in an 8.3 mm long PP90KN by satisfying both phase matching and group-velocity-matching in the telecommunication L-band at room temperature. Second-harmonic pulses showed no significant temporal and spectral distortion and had a pulse duration of about 144 fs, which agreed well with the theoretical value of 142 fs. The conversion efficiency of the second-harmonic generation was 28.7% at the fundamental pulse energy of 0.92 nJ, which is about 60% of the theoretical value.     

All-optical wavelength tuning in Ti:PPLN Šolc filter via the photorefractive effect

We demonstrate fine-wavelength tuning of a periodically poled Ti:LiNbO₃ (Ti:PPLN) Šolc filter by use of the photorefractive (PR) effect. The center wavelength of a Ti:PPLN Šolc filter is controlled by the PR effect, which is induced by second-harmonic generation (SHG). The refractive index change caused by the PR effect is calculated from the measured shift in center wavelength from the Ti:PPLN Šolc filter. The experimental results show that all-optical fine-wavelength tuning in a Ti:PPLN Šolc filter is possible by the use of a second-order nonlinear effect and that a Ti:PPLN waveguide has much higher resistance to PR damage than a Ti:LiNbO₃ waveguide. The measured wavelength tuning rate as a function of the pump beam power is about − 0.033 nm/mW.     

Type I quasi-phase-matched blue second harmonic generation with different polarizations in periodically poled LiNbO3

First-order type I quasi-phase-matched (QPM) blue second-harmonic generation was demonstrated in periodically poled LiNbO₃ with period of 14.5 μm using d₃₁. 52 μJ of harmonic blue light at 0.473 μm was generated pumped by 114 μJ 35 ps pulse laser at 0.946 μm at 150 °C with a conversion efficiency of 45.6%. The average conversion efficiencies of 41.3% and 19% were also obtained at 150 °C, respectively, in the conventional first- and third-order QPM blue second-harmonic generation at 0.473 μm. The temperature acceptance bandwidths of 20 mm length periodically poled LiNbO₃ with first-order grating periods of 14.5 and 4.5 μm are 2.0 and 0.9 °C, respectively. The larger acceptance bandwidths and grating period for than those for enhance the frequency conversion efficiency, which shows the polarization dependence of quasi-phase matching.