大模场啁啾光纤光栅的光谱特性

 将一种矩阵算法拓展应用于数值求解多模耦合模微分方程, 并使用该矩阵算法对大模场啁啾光纤光栅的光谱特性进行了理论研究。结果表明, 大模场多模光纤光栅因模式的自耦合和互耦合而使反射谱存在多个反射峰, 这与单模光纤光栅的反射谱不同。由于光栅周期存在啁啾, 大模场光纤光栅的反射峰分裂, 且峰值反射率减小。使用高斯切趾函数可使反射峰分裂在一定程度上得到改善。     

Normal mode splitting and mechanical effects of an optical lattice in a ring cavity

A novel regime of atom-cavity physics is explored, arising when large atom samples dispersively interact with high-finesse optical cavities. A stable far-detuned optical lattice of several million rubidium atoms is formed inside an optical ring resonator by coupling equal amounts of laser light to each propagation direction of a longitudinal cavity mode. An adjacent longitudinal mode, detuned by about 3 GHz, is used to perform probe transmission spectroscopy of the system. The atom-cavity coupling for the lattice beams and the probe is dispersive and dissipation results only from the finite photon-storage time. The observation of two well-resolved normal modes demonstrates the regime of strong cooperative coupling. The details of the normal mode spectrum reveal mechanical effects associated with the retroaction of the probe upon the optical lattice.     

40 Gbps–80 GHz PSK-MDM based Ro-FSO transmission system

Bandwidth shortage of wireless carriers is a global issue that has further led to investigating the use of millimeter wave (mm-wave) in broadband cellular communication infrastructure. Radio over free space (Ro-FSO) optical system provides seamless integration of radio and optical platforms and makes it suitable for millimeter applications. This work is focused on transmission of two phase shift key encoded independent radio channels, each carrying 20 Gbps–40 GHz data, by mode division multiplexing of two modes: Laguarre Gaussian (LG) 00 and Hermite Gaussian (HG) 01. Furthermore, the modal decomposition of both channels is reported in terms of power coupling coefficient.     

Frequency and intensity readouts of micro-wave electric field using Rydberg atoms with Doppler effects

A scheme of electric-field measurement of micro-waves is proposed in Rydberg atoms with Doppler effects. A cascade-type electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) system is disturbed by a perturbative field coupling a metastable transition. The original dark state splits and two EIT window appear with a central absorption peak. When a micro-wave (MW) field couples the Rydberg transition, the central absorption peak is divided into two. The frequency splitting of two central peaks is proportional to the MW field intensity, which can be used to probe MW electric field strength. This frequency-readout method based on a double-dark state system increases the probe sensitivity nearly by a factor of 7, compared with that of the single-dark state case. At room temperature, Doppler effects can enhance the absorption spectrum, moreover, its peak value varies linearly with the MW field strength. This can also serve to measure MW electric field strength. Numerical results show that the latter intensity-readout method after Doppler averaging improves the probe sensitivity by a factor of 10 with respect to the case without Doppler effects.     

一种基于三芯光子晶体光纤的宽带模分复用器的设计与研究

本文提出了一种基于非对称三芯光子晶体光纤的宽带模分复用器.该器件主要是由位于光纤中心的可提供基模和高阶模传输的中心纤芯和分别位于中心纤芯两侧的可提供基模传输的2个旁芯构成.根据光耦合理论,在输入端对3个纤芯分别输入LP₀₁模式的光,在传输过程中左旁芯的LP₀₁模式的光将逐步向中心纤芯耦合并转换为LP₂₁模式传输,而右旁芯中的LP₀₁模式的光则逐步耦合并转换为中心纤芯中的LP₃₁模式来传输.通过对光纤结构的优化设计和光纤长度的选择,使得在输出端同时完成旁芯LP₀₁模向中心纤芯LP₂₁和LP₃₁模的最佳转换,从而实现LP₀₁、LP₂₁和LP₃₁ 3种模式的光在中心纤芯中的复用.反之,若将该器件的输出端用作输入端则可以实现中心纤芯中3种模式的光向3个纤芯的解复用.本文利用有限元法和光束传播法进行了优化设计和仿真,并将光耦合理论与超模理论相结合进行了分析计...     

高功率微波弯曲矩形波导设计

 利用模式耦合理论,在理论推导出弯曲矩形波导TE01模和高阶模之间耦合系数显式表达的基础上,对弯曲矩形波导进行了实例研究。HFSS软件数值仿真结果表明：设计的矩形波导TE01-TE02模式转换器在9.5 GHz转换效率达到99.9%,转换效率大于90%的工作带宽为8.60～10.48 GHz;设计的弯曲矩形波导传输线,可有效传输TE01模,不激励起高阶模式。HFSS数值仿真结果验证了所设计的传输线工作带宽和功率容量均能够满足使用要求。     

周期地嵌入电介质球壳的金属表层的表面等离子激元及其与电介质腔体模式的耦合

通过观察金属底板中周期地嵌入电介质球壳的体系的光学吸收性质，研究了表面等离子激元 以及与其他电磁模式的耦合特性.在这种周期结构的金属表面，发现存在两种响应频率，分 别对应于表面等离子激元模式和金属中的电介质腔体模式.在这些响应频率上，可观察到与 它们相对应的吸收峰.由于金属的表面模式不能与平面入射光直接耦合，而腔体模式与平面 入射光和表面等离子激元模式的耦合一般较弱，因而通常情况下这些吸收峰的峰值有限.然 而，通过调整体系中的某些参数，可以使腔体模式和表面模式的频率非常接近，这时二者之 间的耦合强度将大大提高.此时，在相应的频率附近可观察到极强的吸收峰.详细地研究了介 质球壳的物理和几何参数对此共振吸收的影响. 关键词： 腔体模式 表面等离子体模式 共振吸收     

Tunable All-Optical Filtering and Buffering in a Coupled Quantum Dot-Planar Photonic Crystal Structure

We theoretically investigate controlled tunable all-optical filtering and buffering of optical pulses in a hybrid nano-photonic structure, where a single quantum dot （QD） embedded in a photonic crystal nanocavity is sidecoupled between a bare nanocavity and a photonic crystal waveguide. We demonstrate that there is a sharp low-loss transmission peak in the transmission spectrum under even low QD-nanocavity coupling strength and the input optical pulses can be delayed up to several hundred picoseconds within the dephasing time of the QD. The filtering regime can be shifted readily by manipulating the detuning between the QD excitonic transition frequency and resonant frequency of the nanocavity mode, which can be explored in future for on-chip all-optical logic and signal processing.     

Breakdown of diffusion in dynamics of extended waves in mesoscopic media

We report the observation of nonexponential decay of pulsed microwave transmission through quasi-one-dimensional random dielectric media signaling the breakdown of the diffusion model. The decay rate of transmission falls nearly linearly in time corresponding to a nearly Gaussian distribution of the coupling strengths of quasinormal electromagnetic modes to free space at the sample surfaces. The peak and width of this distribution scale as L(-2.05) and L(-1.81), respectively.     

利用高阶拉盖尔-高斯横模精确测量法布里-珀罗腔内原子的运动轨迹

研究了冷原子与法布里-珀罗腔内拉盖尔-高斯横模强耦合相互作用体系的透射光谱, 分析了透射光谱与原子在腔中运动轨迹的关系. 结果表明, 与厄米特-高斯横模相比, 拉盖尔-高斯横模的腔场与原子的最大耦合系数几乎不随阶数的增加而变化, 使得探测光谱的对比度受模式阶数的影响较小. 在拉盖尔-高斯横模场分布的圆环边缘附近, 原子运动轨迹的微小偏移会引起透射光谱的很大变化, 因此在这些位置可以实现原子运动轨迹的高精度探测.     

Optimized overmoded TE01-to-TM11 mode converters for high-power millimeter wave applications at 70 and 140 GHz

Mode coupling in bent, oversized, smooth-wall circular waveguides was studied by means of numerical integration of coupled-mode differential equations in order to optimize high-power TE01-to-TM11 mode transducers at 70 GHz and 140 GHz. Such mode transformers are used in the mode conversion sequence TEOn to TE01 to TM11 to HE11 for generating the almost perfectly linearly polarized Gaussian-like HE11 mode from circular electric TEOn gyrotron modes. This quasi-optical HE11 hybrid mode is in many respects ideal for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) of magnetically confined plasmas in thermonuclear fusion research and for other technical applications. Curvature and ellipticity coupling as well as ohmic attenuation of 6 coupled modes (TE01, TM11, TE11, TE12, TE21, TM21) are included in the coupling matrices. Integral expressions were used for deriving the coupling coefficients for arbitrary modes in bent, smooth-wall waveguide. Lowest level of unwanted spurious modes together with highest transmission efficiency (shortest arc length) is achieved with sinusoidal curvature distribution instaed of constant curvature. The calculated conversion efficiencies of 98.0% at 70 GHz and 95.2% at 140 GHz (interior waveguide diameter D=27.8 mm for 200 kW transmission lines) are in excellent agreement with the measured values of (97.6±0.4)% and (95±1)%, respectively.     

含色散介质的一维光子晶体微腔中简正耦合模的物理图像

对一维光子晶体中的色散介质采用洛伦兹振子模型,对线性层及色散δ层均采用传输矩阵的方法,研究了一维含色散介质的光子晶体微腔中的简正耦合模.通过改变洛伦兹振子和微腔之间的失谐频率,分析了简正耦合模频率的变化情况.在失谐频率比较大时,光与洛仑兹振子间的耦合作用较小,简正耦合模中的一个接近腔模频率,而另一个则接近洛仑兹振子的共振频率;在失谐频率比较小时,光与洛仑兹振子间的耦合作用较大,简正耦合模与未耦合的腔模频率和洛仑兹振子的共振频率之间的差别较为明显.最后通过引进该结构的复有效折射率,对含色散介质的系统,由于带隙中间的共振模被湮灭并分裂为左右两个耦合模,其复有效折射率虚部在原共振峰处跃变为一较大值,而在新生成的两个耦合模附近趋近于零,光与色散介质相互耦合而形成的腔极化激元的物理图像十分清晰.     

轴对称环状静电模的漂移波湍流参量激发理论研究

本文所论述的轴对称环状静电模是指环形磁约束等离子体(如托卡马克)中环向模数为零的近理想静电流体模,它包含有测地声模和基频率与之较低的声模;也含有所谓的‘近零频带状流’.本文根据冷离子流体模型在圆形磁面构成的准环坐标系中的表示,对涉及以上三种模式的漂移波湍流参量激发理论,在一级环形效应近似下,进行了系统讨论,并证明了带状流的四个新命题.利用对漂移波能谱的参数化描写,注意到由漂移波能谱径向有限宽度所引发的特性,如波能传播量的双Landau奇点,揭示了有限宽度对径向δ谱所得结果的重要修正:如,对近零频带状流和测地声模的参量激发条件带来的严格限制.此外,还讨论了密度带状流在高q条件下被激发的可能性.本文选用合理的物理参数.采用图示方法详细地讨论了有关的数值结果.分析表明,测地声模和近零频带状流的参量激发不可能发生在同一小半径处;如果测地声模被参量激发,也应能观察到密度带状流.     

Optomechanical coupling in a two-dimensional photonic crystal defect cavity

Periodically structured materials can sustain both optical and mechanical modes. Here we investigate and observe experimentally the optomechanical properties of a conventional two-dimensional suspended photonic crystal defect cavity with a mode volume of ~3(λ/n)3. Two families of mechanical modes are observed: flexural modes, associated to the motion of the whole suspended membrane, and localized modes with frequencies in the GHz regime corresponding to localized phonons in the optical defect cavity of diffraction-limited size. We demonstrate direct measurements of the optomechanical vacuum coupling rate using a frequency calibration technique. The highest measured values exceed 80 kHz, demonstrating high coupling of optical and mechanical modes in such structures.     

Ultra-broadband and high-efficiency polarization conversion metasurface with multiple plasmon resonance modes

In this paper, we present a novel metasurface design that achieves a high-efficiency ultra-broadband cross polarization conversion. The metasurface is composed of an array of unit resonators, each of which combines an H-shaped structure and two rectangular metallic patches. Different plasmon resonance modes are excited in unit resonators and allow the polarization states to be manipulated. The bandwidth of the cross polarization converter is 82% of the central frequency,covering the range from 15.7 GHz to 37.5 GHz. The conversion efficiency of the innovative new design is higher than 90%.At 14.43 GHz and 40.95 GHz, the linearly polarized incident wave is converted into a circularly polarized wave.     

CO2激光写入旋转折变型长周期光纤光栅的制作及理论分析

提出了一种光纤横截面折射率变化呈旋转非对称变化的长周期光纤光栅（R-LPFG） 结构,并利用多层圆波导理论和横截面折射率离散分析方法,结合模式耦合方程组和数值求解方法理论分析了这种光栅的模式耦合特征.理论分析表明R-LPFG纤芯基模主要与一阶非对称包层模发生耦合,当光栅旋转度逐渐变大时,R-LPFG基模会与一阶非对称包层模的奇模和偶模同时发生耦合,这就会使原来单一的谐振峰逐渐分裂成双峰,这是常规光栅类型所不具有的透射谱特征.由于R-LPFG的双峰来自同一对耦合模式,它们对温度的响应很相似,因此可利用双峰间 关键词： 光纤传感 光纤光栅 2激光')" href="#">CO₂激光 旋转折变     

W波段TE02模式回旋行波管带宽输入耦合器设计

输入耦合器是回旋行波管的重要组成部分之一,其作用是将矩形波导TE₁₀模式的信号,通过模式变换结构转换为回旋放大器件中的模式,输入耦合器性能的优劣直接影响了回旋管整管的带宽等性能。通过对W波段TE₀₂模式回旋行波管的输入耦合器进行理论分析,指出影响主模传输损耗的一个因素是杂模的崛起使主模的传输系数降低,利用仿真软件进行仿真,通过优化耦合孔的尺寸,抑制杂模的产生,将损耗从3.9 dB降低到了0.8 dB。根据优化尺寸加工,实际测试,得到3.0 dB带宽7.9 GHz的输入耦合器,与设计符合较好。     

Optomechanical dynamics in detuned whispering-gallery modes cavity

The dynamics of a microresonator in detuned whispering-gallery modes (WGM) cavity opto-mechanical system are investigated by the quantum Langevin equation. A WGM cavity coupling to two parallel waveguides is devised to study the transmission and reflection of this system. In single mode WGM cavity, without optomechanical coupling, both the transmission and reflection of the cavity present a Lorentzian dip and peak. When the coupling between the cavity mode and mechanical mode is considered, the transmission and reflection of the optomechanical cavity show “W” and “M” shape mode splitting. Moreover, under the action of a controlling and a probe laser, the output field at the probe frequency presents electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like spectrum in the system. We give the physical origin of EIT-like and the pump-probe response for the WGM shares all the features of the Λ system in atoms. Further, due to backscattering, the two traveling waves in WGM are coupled with a rate γ. The transmission and reflection of the optomechanical cavity display three modes splitting in the spectra with optomechanical coupling between the two cavity modes and the mechanical mode.     

高双折射光子晶体光纤中均匀布拉格光栅的特性

研究了具有高双折射的光子晶体光纤(HB PCF)中均匀布拉格光栅(FBG)的光谱特性。利用紧凑的超格子模型,对光子晶体光纤的传输特性进行分析,研究正向传输和反向传输的模式之间的耦合规律,从而研究写入光子晶体光纤中的均匀布拉格光栅的特性。首先给出具有C6v对称性的零双折射光子晶体光纤中光纤布拉格光栅的布拉格波长λB随光纤结构参量的变化规律;然后分析一种高双折射光子晶体光纤中的光纤布拉格光栅的光谱特性,高双折射使两个不同偏振态的反射峰分开较大;最后分析了一种常用的双模双折射光子晶体光纤中光纤布拉格光栅的光谱特性,LP01模和LPe11模的两个偏振态对应的反射谱都由于高双折射而分开。     

Tunable radio-frequency photonic filter based on an actively mode-locked fiber laser

We propose the use of an actively mode-locked fiber laser as a multitap optical source for a microwave photonic filter. The fiber laser provides multiple optical taps with an optical frequency separation equal to the external driving radio-frequency signal of the laser that governs its repetition rate. All the optical taps show equal polarization and an overall Gaussian apodization, which reduces the sidelobes. We demonstrate continuous tunability of the filter by changing the external driving radio-frequency signal of the laser, which shows good fine tunability in the operating range of the laser from 5 to 10 GHz.