Global Estimates for Green’s Matrix of Second Order Parabolic Systems with Application to Elliptic Systems in Two Dimensional Domains

We establish global Gaussian estimates for the Green’s matrix of divergence form, second order parabolic systems in a cylindrical domain under the assumption that weak solutions of the system vanishing on a portion of the boundary satisfy a certain local boundedness estimate and a local Hölder estimate. From these estimates, we also derive global estimates for the Green’s matrix for elliptic systems with bounded measurable coefficients in two dimensional domains. We present a unified approach valid for both the scalar and vectorial cases and discuss several applications of our result.     

带松弛项的单个守恒律方程解的时态渐近性质

本文研究一维空间中带松弛项的单个守恒律方程解的大时间状态估计.在松弛项满足耗散条件下通过对线性化方程Green函数的逐点估计得到方程解在时间充分大时的衰减估计,并由此反映出“弱”惠更斯原理.     

Hessian estimates in Orlicz spaces for fourth-order parabolic systems in non-smooth domains

We establish the global Hessian estimate in Orlicz spaces for a fourth-order parabolic system with discontinuous tensor coefficients in a non-smooth domain under the assumptions that the coefficients have small weak BMO semi-norms, the boundary of a domain is δ-Reifenberg flat for δ>0 small and the given Young function satisfies some moderate growth condition. As a corollary we obtain an optimal global W2,p regularity for such a system.     

Optimal <Emphasis Type="Italic">W</Emphasis><Superscript>1,<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Superscript> regularity theory for parabolic equations in divergence form

This work treats L^p regularity theory for weak solutions of parabolic equations in divergence form with discontinuous coefficients on nonsmooth domains. We essentially obtain an optimal condition on the coefficients under which the global W^1,p regularity theory holds. This work was supported by SNU foundation in 2005.     

Boundedness of weak solutions of a nondiagonal parabolic system of two equations

We study the problem of boundedness of weak solutions of a general nondiagonal parabolic system of nonlinear differential equations whose matrix of coefficients satisfies special structural conditions. To do this, we use a procedure based on the estimation of a certain function of unknowns.     

Asymptotic regularity conditions for the strong convergence towards weak limit sets and weak attractors of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations

The asymptotic behavior of solutions of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations is considered on bounded smooth domains with no-slip boundary conditions and on periodic domains. Asymptotic regularity conditions are presented to ensure that the convergence of a Leray-Hopf weak solution to its weak ω-limit set (weak in the sense of the weak topology of the space H of square-integrable divergence-free velocity fields with the appropriate boundary conditions) are achieved also in the strong topology. It is proved that the weak ω-limit set is strongly compact and strongly attracts the corresponding solution if and only if all the solutions in the weak ω-limit set are continuous in the strong topology of H. Corresponding results for the strong convergence towards the weak global attractor of Foias and Temam are also presented. In this case, it is proved that the weak global attractor is strongly compact and strongly attracts the weak solutions, uniformly with respect to uniformly bounded sets of weak solutions, if and only if all the global weak solutions in the weak global attractor are strongly continuous in H.     

Local smoothing effects, positivity, and Harnack inequalities for the fast p-Laplacian equation

We study qualitative and quantitative properties of local weak solutions of the fast p-Laplacian equation, t_∂u=Δpu, with 1<p<2. Our main results are quantitative positivity and boundedness estimates for locally defined solutions in domains of Rn×[0,T]. We combine these lower and upper bounds in different forms of intrinsic Harnack inequalities, which are new in the very fast diffusion range, that is when 1<p?2n/(n+1). The boundedness results may be also extended to the limit case p=1, while the positivity estimates cannot.We prove the existence as well as sharp asymptotic estimates for the so-called large solutions for any 1<p<2, and point out their main properties.We also prove a new local energy inequality for suitable norms of the gradients of the solutions. As a consequence, we prove that bounded local weak solutions are indeed local strong solutions, more precisely .     

Harnack inequality and continuity of solutions to quasi-linear degenerate parabolic equations with coefficients from Kato-type classes

For a general class of divergence type quasi-linear degenerate parabolic equations with measurable coefficients and lower order terms from nonlinear Kato-type classes, we prove local boundedness and continuity of solutions, and the intrinsic Harnack inequality for positive solutions.     

Uniform global attractors for the nonautonomous 3D Navier–Stokes equations

We obtain the existence and the structure of the weak uniform (with respect to the initial time) global attractor and construct a trajectory attractor for the 3D Navier–Stokes equations (NSE) with a fixed time-dependent force satisfying a translation boundedness condition. Moreover, we show that if the force is normal and every complete bounded solution is strongly continuous, then the uniform global attractor is strong, strongly compact, and solutions converge strongly toward the trajectory attractor. Our method is based on taking a closure of the autonomous evolutionary system without uniqueness, whose trajectories are solutions to the nonautonomous 3D NSE. The established framework is general and can also be applied to other nonautonomous dissipative partial differential equations for which the uniqueness of solutions might not hold. It is not known whether previous frameworks can also be applied in such cases as we indicate in open problems related to the question of uniqueness of the Leray–Hopf weak solutions.     

Asymptotically regular problems I: Higher integrability

We consider weak solutions u of non-linear systems of partial differential equations. Assuming that the system exhibits a certain kind of elliptic behavior near infinity we prove higher integrability results for the gradient Du. In particular, we establish Hölder continuity of u in low dimensions. Moreover, we obtain analogous results for vectorial minimizers of multi-dimensional variational integrals. Finally, we discuss an extension to minimizing sequences and applications to generalized minimizers.     

Uniform convergence of sequences of solutions of two-dimensional linear elliptic equations with unbounded coefficients

This paper deals with the behavior of two-dimensional linear elliptic equations with unbounded (and possibly infinite) coefficients. We prove the uniform convergence of the solutions by truncating the coefficients and using a pointwise estimate of the solutions combined with a two-dimensional capacitary estimate. We give two applications of this result: the continuity of the solutions of two-dimensional linear elliptic equations by a constructive approach, and the density of the continuous functions in the domain of the Γ-limit of equicoercive diffusion energies in dimension two. We also build two counter-examples which show that the previous results cannot be extended to dimension three.     

Local boundedness of solutions to quasilinear elliptic systems

The mathematical analysis to achieve everywhere regularity in the interior of weak solutions to nonlinear elliptic systems usually starts from their local boundedness. Having in mind De Giorgi’s counterexamples, some structure conditions must be imposed to treat systems of partial differential equations. On the contrary, in the scalar case of a general elliptic single equation a well established theory of regularity exists. In this paper we propose a unified approach to local boundedness of weak solutions to a class of quasilinear elliptic systems, with a structure condition inspired by Ladyzhenskaya–Ural’tseva’s work for linear systems, as well as valid for the general scalar case. Our growth assumptions on the nonlinear quantities involved are new and general enough to include anisotropic systems with sharp exponents and the p, q-growth case.     

Fourth-order parabolic equations with weak BMO coefficients in Reifenberg domains

We study optimal W2,p-regularity for fourth-order parabolic equations with discontinuous coefficients in general domains. We obtain the global W2,p-regularity for each 1<p<∞ under the assumption that the coefficients have suitably small BMO semi-norm of weak type and the boundary of the domain is δ-Reifenberg flat. The situation of our main theorem arises when the conductivity on fractals is controlled by a random variable in the time direction.     

Gradient estimates for elliptic systems in non-smooth domains

We obtain the global W ^1,p , 1 < p < ∞, estimate for the weak solution of an elliptic system with discontinuous coefficients in non-smooth domains without using maximal function approach. It is assumed that the boundary of a bounded domain is well approximated by hyperplanes at every point and at every scale, and that the tensor coefficients belong to BMO space with their BMO semi-norms sufficiently small. S.-S. Byun was supported in part by KRF-2006-C00034 and L. Wang was supported in part by NSF Grant 0701392.     

Formation of singularities in solutions to the compressible radiation hydrodynamics equations with vacuum

We study the Cauchy problem for multi-dimensional compressible radiation hydrodynamics equations with vacuum. First, we present some sufficient conditions on the blow-up of smooth solutions in multi-dimensional space. Then, we obtain the invariance of the support of density for the smooth solutions with compactly supported initial mass density by the property of the system under the vacuum state. Based on the above-mentioned results, we prove that we cannot get a global classical solution, no matter how small the initial data are, as long as the initial mass density is of compact support. Finally, we will see that some of the results that we obtained are still valid for the isentropic flows with degenerate viscosity coefficients as well as for one-dimensional case.     

Parabolic equations in time dependent Reifenberg domains

In this paper we define time dependent parabolic Reifenberg domains and study Lp estimates for weak solutions of uniformly parabolic equations in divergence form on these domains. The basic assumption is that the principal coefficients are of parabolic BMO space with small parabolic BMO seminorms. It is shown that Lp estimates hold for time dependent parabolic δ-Reifenberg domains.     

Global existence and decay for nonlinear dissipative wave equations with a derivative nonlinearity

We prove the global existence of the so-called H² solutions for a nonlinear wave equation with a nonlinear dissipative term and a derivative type nonlinear perturbation. To show the boundedness of the second order derivatives we need a precise energy decay estimate and for this we employ a ‘loan’ method.     

A Kalman rank condition for the localized distributed controllability of a class of linear parabolic systems

We present a generalization of the Kalman rank condition to the case of n × n linear parabolic systems with constant coefficients and diagonalizable diffusion matrix. To reach the result, we are led to prove a global Carleman estimate for the solutions of a scalar 2n-order parabolic equation and deduce from it an observability inequality for our adjoint system. G.-B. Manuel was supported by D.G.E.S. (Spain), grant MTM2006-07932.     

Stationary layered solutions in {\Bbb R}^2 for an Allen–Cahn system with multiple well potential

We study entire solutions on of the elliptic system where is a multiple-well potential. We seek solutions which are “heteroclinic,” in two senses: for each fixed they connect (at ) a pair of constant global minima of , and they connect a pair of distinct one dimensional stationary wave solutions when . These solutions describe the local structure of solutions to a reaction-diffusion system near a smooth phase boundary curve. The existence of these heteroclinic solutions demonstrates an unexpected difference between the scalar and vector valued Allen–Cahn equations, namely that in the vectorial case the transition profiles may vary tangentially along the interface. We also consider entire stationary solutions with a “saddle” geometry, which describe the structure of solutions near a crossing point of smooth interfaces. Received April 15, 1996 / Accepted: November 11, 1996     

Results for a turbulent system with unbounded viscosities: Weak formulations,existence of solutions,boundedness and smoothness

We consider a circulation system arising in turbulence modelling in fluid dynamics with unbounded eddy viscosities. Various notions of weak solution are considered and compared. We establish existence and regularity results. In particular we study the boundedness of weak solutions. We also establish an existence result for a classical solution.