Rotational-InVariant pattern recognition using circular optical wavelet transform

An improved shift- and rotational-invariant filter using wavelet transform and circular harmonic filtering at the same time is proposed. Computer simulation has shown that this is better than using a phase-only circular harmonic filter in peak sharpness, discriminating ability, SNR and tolerance of position error of the filter. Furthermore, this filter possesses moderate diffraction efficiency.     

激光气体分析仪中数字滤波器的设计

由于基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱（TDLAS）技术的激光气体分析仪的二次谐波信号中存在较大的系统噪声,本文利用有限长单位冲激响应（FIR）,提出了激光气体分析仪的二次谐波在线滤波方法。在分析FIR数字滤波器原理的基础上,利用MATLAB窗函数设计了适合本激光气体分析仪的数字滤波器。然后,将仿真的FIR数字滤波算法移植到激光气体分析仪嵌入式系统中。最后,比较了滤波前后二次谐波信号波形,说明了在激光气体分析仪嵌入式系统中采用基于FIR数字滤波器滤波算法的可行性。实验结果表明：FIR数字滤波器对一组二次谐波信号进行滤波的运算时间为230ms,滤波后的二次谐波信号波形获得了较好的去噪效果,能够满足激光气体分析仪对含有噪声的二次谐波信号进行平滑去噪的要求,且滤波算法结构简单、运算时间短、可移植性强。     

修正振幅调制的光电混合圆谐联合变换相关器作旋转不变的目标检测

提出一种修正振幅调制的光电混合圆谐联合变换相关器作旋转不变的目标检测的实验系统。参考图像（即圆谐展开分量的实部和虚部）、圆盘状的局部偏置函数以及目标图像同时显示于输入面。此方法对联合功率谱作了修正,先将联合功率谱减去纯输入景物（含局部偏置函数）的功率谱和参考图像（含局部偏置函数）的功率谱,再加上局部偏置函数的功率谱,然后将所得修正的联合功率谱乘以振幅调制滤波函数。这种方法能产生比普通的圆谐联合变换     

Circular Harmonic Minimum Average Energy Filter for the Multi-Distorted Invariant Correlation

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Programmable phase-mostly holograms and correlation filters

We obtain continuous phase modulation with commercial twisted nematic liquid television. We present theory and experimental implementation of kinoforms, matched spatial filters, circular harmonic filters and synthetic discriminant functions with the phase-mostly filter approach.     

旋转不变振幅位相合成圆谐滤波器

提出了振幅位相合成圆谐滤器用于旋转不变模式识别，该滤波器的振幅是圆谐滤波器的振幅谱加偏移量后的逆函数，位相是圆谐滤波器的位相谱。计算机模拟实验证明，与传统的圆谐滤波器和纯位相圆谐滤波器相比，振幅位相合成圆谐滤波器具有更好的识别能力，能产生更尖锐的相关峰和更大的输出信噪比。     

应用于增量式光电编码器的相关自适应滤波方法

为了改善增量式光电编码器的莫尔条纹光电信号质量,降低主计数信号中高次谐频的影响,提高信噪比达到输出稳定的正弦波形,本文深入地研究了莫尔条纹光电信号中的高频信号和噪音信号产生的原因及其相关自适应滤除方法.从宏观和微观两个方案分析光栅副的屏函数,研究莫尔条纹光电信号输出波形的不确定原因,并且提出采用相关自适应滤波方法将高频信号滤除保留原有基频信号.从相关自适应滤波的数学模型论证和推导该相关自适应滤波过程并讨论其自适应性.指出在设计该自适应滤波电路时需要重视的几个关键指标及其影响效果,完成相关自适应滤波的有效性分析.相关自适应滤波效果等价于一个中心频率为基频的窄带带通滤波器,当基频随机变化时其通带也会随之改变.通过相关自适应滤波技术较好地滤除计数信号中除基频外所有高频分量和放大电路所引入的加性高斯白噪音.实验证明：莫尔条纹光电信号的失真度被降低8倍相关自适应滤波方法能使莫尔条纹光电输出波形趋近于标准正弦波,获得更高的信噪比.     

混沌时间序列的自适应高阶非线性滤波预测

根据混沌序列产生的确定性和非线性机制,基于Volterra级数展式和混沌序列高阶奇异谱特征,提出了一种高阶非线性傅里叶红外(HONFIR)滤波预测模型用于混沌时间序列的自适应预测.其自适应算法采用时域正交算法来自适应地跟踪混沌的运动轨迹,而不是重构混沌系统 的全局或局部运动轨迹.实验研究表明：(1)这种HONFIR自适应滤波器能够有效地预测一些超 混沌序列.(2)预测混沌序列的性能与预测模型的非线性拟合能力有关,但并非非线性程度越 高,预测性能就越好.(3)当HONFIR滤波器对混沌序列的非线性拟合精度高时,其自适应预测 的性能与其输入维数的关系不受Takens嵌入定理的约束.(4)HONFIR自适应滤波器具有一定的 抗噪能力. 关键词： 混沌 非线性模型 滤波器     

Electro- and photo-controllable spatial filter based on?a?liquid crystal film with a photoconductive layer

This work presents an electro- and photo-controllable spatial filter that is based on a liquid crystal (LC) film with a photoconductive layer. The controllable spatial filter can be formed because of the controllability of the photoelectro-induced screen effect of the space charge in the LC cell. An applied dc voltage or incident pumped intensity can be controlled to enable different spatial distributions of the diffraction pattern of the target object to be selected for filtering by the LC cell, such that various reconstructed images can be obtained. A simulation using Fourier analysis is developed, and its results agree closely with experimental results. Additionally, the LC spatial filter has the extra advantage of controllable low or high filtering functions: they are controlled by switching the configuration between normally black and normally white modes.     

窗函数对光学空间滤波效果的影响分析

为改善光学空间滤波的效果,分析说明了低通滤波器窗函数对光学空间滤波效果的影响。提出了相同通频区域下选择窗函数的两个要求即更窄的频谱主瓣宽度和更小的旁瓣高度,并运用MATLAB模拟了基于4f系统的光学空间滤波。结果表明,窗函数频谱主瓣宽度直接影响滤波结果的轮廓可见度,频谱旁瓣直接影响着频域截断带来的吉布斯波纹的大小。为如何选择滤波器透过率分布提供了理论参考。     

基于小波变换的图像混合噪声自适应滤除算法

为同时滤除图像中的椒盐噪声和高斯噪声,提出了一种基于小波变换的混合噪声自适应滤除算法,该算法首先采用中值滤波去除椒盐噪声,然后借助边缘检测算子区将图像为分边缘与非边缘区域,进一步对非边缘区域引入改进的均值滤波器,有效削弱高斯噪声的同时保护图像边缘细节,既初步削弱高斯噪声又保护了边缘,最后采用改进的小波阈值滤波算法,对不同的小波系数采用不同的阈值函数,通过线性回归得到各最优阈值关系式。实验结果表明,该混合噪声自适应滤除算法能有效滤除椒盐噪声和高斯噪声,在图像主观质量和客观质量上均取得了较好的效果,能提高去噪图像峰值信噪比0.5~2.0 dB。     

使用同心多环阵提升声源定位鲁棒性*

房间混响带来的多径失真是影响声源波达方向估计精度的主要因素之一。应用于环形阵列的相干信号子空间方法可以降低相干反射声带来的不利影响。该方法对环形阵进行谐波展开,并利用环谐波域导向矢量的频率无关特性聚焦各频率下的空间相关矩阵。但单环阵列存在展开系数零点,这会导致严重的噪声放大而降低定位的鲁棒性。该文提出了一种环谐波域的最小模同心多环阵,来缓解系数零点处的噪声放大问题。设计了一套麦克风阵列系统,用于评估同心多环阵列定位的鲁棒性。仿真和实验结果均表明:与相同孔径和阵元数的单环阵相比,使用最小模准则设计的同心多环阵列可以显著提升混响场景下的声源定位的稳健性。     

Effect of filter type on the statistics of energy transfer between resolved and subfilter scales from a-priori analysis of direct numerical simulations of isotropic turbulence

The effects of different filtering strategies on the statistical properties of the resolved-to-subfilter scale (SFS) energy transfer are analysed in forced homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. We carry out a-priori analyses of the statistical characteristics of SFS energy transfer by filtering data obtained from direct numerical simulations with up to 2048³ grid points as a function of the filter cutoff scale. In order to quantify the dependence of extreme events and anomalous scaling on the filter, we compare a sharp Fourier Galerkin projector, a Gaussian filter and a novel class of Galerkin projectors with non-sharp spectral filter profiles. Of interest is the importance of Galilean invariance and we confirm that local SFS energy transfer displays intermittency scaling in both skewness and flatness as a function of the cutoff scale. Furthermore, we quantify the robustness of scaling as a function of the filtering type.     

Sharpness Matching between Digital Image Display Devices

A method is presented for matching apparent sharpness between digital image display devices with different characteristics. The sharpness is most precisely described by the point spread function (PSF) as opposed to dot density such as DPI (dot per inch). The difference between devices is expressed as difference between transfer functions obtained from the PSFs. In the presented method, spatial frequency filtering for one digital image is carried out where the ratio of the transfer functions or its modified version is used as filter. The modification is introduced as a clipping operation to reduce excessive enhancement when the ratio of the transfer functions has a high pass characteristic with large gain. Through computer simulation including a subjective evaluation experiment and numerical evaluation, the effectiveness of filtering operation for sharpness matching is demonstrated.     

Rotation invariant pattern recognition with a volume holographic wavelet correlation processor

A volume holographic wavelet correlation processor for performing rotation invariant Pattern recognitionis suggested.It uses wavelet transform to get the digital edge extraction of the original object and a singlecircular harmonic component iS used as the matched filter to get good rotation invariance.The new filterused in this method is called wavelet circular harmonic component fllter (WCHCF).Simulation resultsvalidate the theory and the experiment to recognize human faces with any rotation angle shows the utilityof the newly proposed method.     

Effect of bandpass filtering on melodic contour identification by cochlear implant users

Melodic contour identification was measured in cochlear implant (CI) and normal-hearing (NH) subjects for piano samples processed by four bandpass filters: low (310-620 Hz), middle (620-2480 Hz), high (2480-4960 Hz), and full (310-4960 Hz). NH performance was near-perfect for all filter ranges and much higher than CI performance. The best mean CI performance was with the middle frequency range; performance was much better for some CI subjects with the middle rather than the full filter. These results suggest that acoustic filtering may reduce potential mismatches between fundamental frequencies and harmonic components thereby improving CI users' melodic pitch perception.     

中点箝位型逆变器在EAST低次谐波平台中的应用

针对EAST磁体电源等非线性负载产生低次谐波(75~125 Hz)难以治理的问题,提出注入式混合有源滤波的方案。基于EAST低次谐波实验平台,对注入式混合有源电力滤波装置的拓扑结构与滤波原理进行了研究; 同时采用一种降低直流侧中点电位波动的三电平空间电压矢量调制算法,并给出基本矢量作用时间的求取方法; 对该方案及算法进行了仿真与实验验证,仿真与实验结果具有很高的一致性,证明该方案能有效抑制EAST磁体电源运行中产生的低次谐波及其谐振放大。     

空间平移不变和角度受限下转动不变的特征识别与滤波器的设计

徐原能等人曾提出借助于circular harmonic expansion(圆谐波展开),设计空间平移不变和转动不变的滤波器系统,用于特征识别。本文在他们的基础上提出一种实现空间平移不变和在一定的角度范围内转动不变的特征识别方法,给出相应的滤波器设计具体公式。虽然转动不变的角度范围受到限制,但能够提高系统的信噪比,同时,不需要通过测量靶与待识别图象之间的相关函数的相位因子,来判定转动角度,而是代之直接测量相关函数的绝对值,由此推算转动角度。本文还列举一个具体的例子,来演示滤波器的设计方法,并与徐原能方案 关键词：     

辅助变量粒子滤波的声道共振特性轨迹跟踪

提出了一种基于辅助变量粒子滤波技术的连续语音声道共振特性(VTRs)轨迹跟踪方法。该方法基于描述语音信号特征的状态空间模型,采用粒子滤波技术跟踪VTRs的轨迹。语音模型由具有目标导向特性的动态方程和VTRs至倒谱系数(LPCC)的非线性映射构成。该方法有两个特点:首先,采用粒子滤波技术来处理语音模型的非线性问题;其次,在语音模型的状态方程中嵌入辅助变量用于标示VTRs在频域中的分布信息,并为粒子滤波过程中的粒子抽取提供目标导向。实验结果表明,该方法只需少量粒子即可正确跟踪连续语音的VTRs轨迹,而且可以在跟踪过程中避免虚假峰和合并峰的干扰。