直接控制网格节点分布的曲线网格生成技术研究

指出了Thompson与Thomas曲线网格生成方法中控制网格分布的调节函数的问题所在,克服了Thomas曲线网格生成法中边界处局部线性化近似假定的缺陷,经过严格推导得出一组新的调节函数P、Q的表达式,并给出了曲线网格生成实例.实例检验表明,该调节函数能够对复杂边界的单连通域或多连通域生成理想的曲线网格,即边界处网格正交,内部网格分布能够适应物理量场变化的情形.在实际水利工程流场数值模拟中,该方法能够准确地使用边界条件,提高求解的精确度.     

采用Poisson方程生成曲线网格时源项P、Q选择的研究

采用 Poisson方程进行曲线网格生成时 ,如何确定合适的调节因子 P、Q函数是网格生成技术中的一个重要的研究内容。本文提出一种新的构造 P、Q函数的方法 ,该方法直接利用边界网格节点的分布信息来控制区域内部网格节点的分布 ,生成的正交曲线网格令人满意。该方法可应用于河道、湖泊等一类复杂边界的二维流速场的数值模拟中。     

边界元方法模拟二维势流问题时角点处处理方法的研究

研究了用三节点等参曲线单元时边界元方法模拟二维势流问题中角点处法向量不连续的处理方法.该方法的核心思想是在任意一点处速度矢量是唯一确定的且在角点处速度矢量的方向是已知的.该方法的特点是不改变所求解的线性方程组的大小,不降低计算精度.通过模拟二维平行管道中直匀流绕圆柱的流动验证了该方法的可行性.     

采用Poisson方程生成曲线风俗格时源项P、Q选择的研究

采用Poisson方程进行曲线网格生成时,如何确定合适的调节因子P、Q函数是网格生成技术中的一个重要的研究内容。本文提出一种新的构造P、Q函数的方法,该方法直接利用边界网格节点的分布信息来控制区域内部网格节点的分布,生成的正交曲线网格令人满意。该方法可应用于河道、湖泊等一类复杂边界的二维流速场的数值模拟中。     

复杂边界附近气泡的动态特性研究

本文假设气泡周围流场为无粘、无旋、不可压缩的理想流体,基于势流理论,运用边界元法模拟近边界水下爆炸气泡的动力学特征,建立气泡、壁面以及自由面三者之间复杂耦合动力学模型,在气泡运动模拟过程中引入数值光顺技术及弹性网格技术(EMT),避免因网格扭曲而导致的数值发散,开发相应的三维计算程序,并与自由表面附近气泡运动的实验数据进行对比分析,计算结果表明本文的计算方法及程序具有较高的精度.在此基础上,用本文开发的三维程序模拟了单个及多个气泡与自由表面及圆筒等复杂边界的相互作用,其中包括水面漂浮结构和水下结构,气泡在自由表面及结构的联合作用下呈现出强非线性.本主文旨在为相关复杂边界附近气泡动力学特性研究提供参考.     

正交数值网格的生成及平面二维流场的数值模拟

提出了一种边界正交曲线网格的生成方法。在内域,求解拉普拉斯方程组生成二维正交曲线网格;在计算域边界,提出了正交曲线网格边界正交化处理的分段拉格朗日插值边界滑动法,并对控制方程N-S方程进行曲线坐标变换,使用SIMPLEC算法求解曲线坐标下的k-ε双方程湍流模型。文中以长江重庆九龙坡弯道河段正态模型为资料进行验证,计算了流场,数值模拟结果与实测结果吻合较好。     

正交各向异性平面断裂问题应力强度因子的边界元解法

本文研究单向复合材料或正交各向异性体平面断裂问题,构造了一个1/4节点混合参数应力奇异边界元,综合运用该元素与1/4节点等参边界元,提出了求解应力强度因子的混合边界元解法,用所述方法计算了含中心裂纹无限大与有限大正交各向异性板的应力强度因子,算例表明,本文所述方法不仅计算精度高,而且适应性强,便于工程应用。     

三维势流场的比例边界有限元求解方法

比例边界有限元法(SBFEM)是线性偏微分方程的一种新的数值求解方法。该方法只对计算域边界利用Galerkin方法进行数值离散,相对于有限元方法(FEM)减少了一个空间坐标的维数,而在减少的空间坐标方向利用解析方法进行求解;相对于边界元法(BEM),比例边界有限元方法不需要基本解,避免了奇异积分的计算,所以它结合了有限元和边界元方法的优点。本文建立了利用比例边界有限元法求解三维Laplace方程的数值模型并用于计算三维物体周围的水流场,将计算结果与解析解和边界元方法进行了对比,结果表明此方法可以很好地模拟水流场,且具有较高的计算精度。     

自由面势流问题边界元法的数值色散误差

以连续及离散Fourier分析研究自由面势流问题边界元法的数值色散误差,并从理论上探讨有关计算中数值色散误差的改善问题.研究表明:对于该问题的数值色散误差而言,重要的在于以问题相应的离散算子考察计及各种数值手段后的总体色散误差,而非仅考虑该数值手段自身的数值色散误差大小.高阶面元、自由面域外奇点或适当的耦合方法是降低有关问题算子总体色散误差的较好选择.     

Numerical modelling of advection–dispersion equation in a stretched curvilinear grid using the QUICKEST scheme

A stretched version of the QUICKEST scheme for solutions of the advection–dispersion equation is presented. The scheme is accurate for large degrees of stretching, so that it can be used where large gradients are present, e.g. for the calculation of sediment in suspension close to the bed. The scheme is tested for various cases of sediment advection and dispersion in one and two dimensions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model in curvilinear co-ordinates with collocated grid

A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model has been developed for turbulent flows with free surface. In the horizontal x–y-plane, a boundary-fitted curvilinear co-ordinate system is adopted, while in the vertical direction, a σ-co-ordinate transformation is used to represent the free surface and bed topography or lower boundary. Using the finite volume method, the convection terms are discretized using Roe's second-order-accurate scheme. The governing equations are solved in a collocated grid system by a fractional three-step implicit algorithm that has been developed to handle the velocity–pressure–depth coupling problem of free surface incompressible fluid flows. The present study is the extension of previous work to three-dimensional turbulent flows. The model has been applied to three test cases. Comparison with available data shows that the model developed is successful, and is valuable to engineering application. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

High-order curvilinear mesh generation technique based on an improved radius basic function approach

A high-order curvilinear hybrid mesh generation technique is developed for high-order numerical method (eg, discontinuous Galerkin method) applications to improve the accuracy for problems with curve boundary. The grid generation technique is based on an improved radius basic function (RBF) approach by which the straight-edge mesh is converted into high-order curve mesh. Firstly, an initial straight-edge mesh is prepared by traditional grid generation software. Then, high-order interpolation points are inserted into the mesh entities such as edges, faces, and cells according to the final demand of mesh order. To preserve the original geometry, the inserted points on solid wall are then projected onto the CAD model using an open source tool “Open Cascade.” Finally, other inserted points in the field near the solid wall are moved to appropriate positions by the improved RBF approach to avoid tangled cells. If we use the original RBF approach, then the inserted points on the edge and face entities normal to the solid boundary in the region of boundary layer will move to improper positions. To overcome this problem, a weighting based on the local grid aspect ratio between normal direction and tangential direction is introduced into the baseline RBF approach. Three typical configurations are tested to validate the mesh generator. Meanwhile, a third-order solution of subsonic flow over an analytical 3D body of revolution in the second International Workshop on High-Order CFD Methods is supplied by a discontinuous Galerkin solver. These numerical tests demonstrate the potential capability of present technique for high-order simulations of complex geometries.     

A collocated grid,projection method for time‐accurate calculation of low‐Mach number variable density flows in general curvilinear coordinates

A time‐accurate algorithm is proposed for low‐Mach number, variable density flows on curvilinear grids. Spatial discretization is performed on collocated grid that offers computational simplicity in curvilinear coordinates. The flux interpolation technique is used to avoid the pressure odd–even decoupling of the collocated grid arrangement. To increase the stability of the method, a two‐step predictor–corrector time integration scheme is employed. At each step, the projection method is used to calculate the hydrodynamic pressure and to satisfy the continuity equation. The robustness and accuracy of the method is illustrated with a series of numerical experiments including thermally driven cavity, polar cavity, three‐dimensional cavity, and direct numerical simulation of non‐isothermal turbulent channel flow. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical method for calculation of the incompressible flow in general curvilinear co‐ordinates with double staggered grid

A solution methodology has been developed for incompressible flow in general curvilinear co‐ordinates. Two staggered grids are used to discretize the physical domain. The first grid is a MAC quadrilateral mesh with pressure arranged at the centre and the Cartesian velocity components located at the middle of the sides of the mesh. The second grid is so displaced that its corners correspond to the centre of the first grid. In the second grid the pressure is placed at the corner of the first grid. The discretized mass and momentum conservation equations are derived on a control volume. The two pressure grid functions are coupled explicitly through the boundary conditions and implicitly through the velocity of the field. The introduction of these two grid functions avoids an averaging of pressure and velocity components when calculating terms that are generated in general curvilinear co‐ordinates. The SIMPLE calculation procedure is extended to the present curvilinear co‐ordinates with double grids. Application of the methodology is illustrated by calculation of well‐known external and internal problems: viscous flow over a circular cylinder, with Reynolds numbers ranging from 10 to 40, and lid‐driven flow in a cavity with inclined walls are examined. The numerical results are in close agreement with experimental results and other numerical data. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Control functions and grid qualities measurements in the elliptic grid generation around arbitrary surfaces

This paper describes the three‐dimensional elliptic grid generation. The two‐dimensional approach for the control functions obtained by modifying the Thomas–Middlecoff method is applied on the planes perpendicular to the main flow direction co‐ordinate, which is assumed to be the function of only one corresponding co‐ordinate in the computational domain. The grid orthogonality is improved by about 40 per cent compared with that of the algebraic initial grid. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种新的准结构网格生成方法

在有限元分析中,高质量的结构网格可以有效地提高有限元分析的精度,但结构网格的几何适应性差,针对复杂边界的二维计算模型,现有的方法很难自动生成高质量的结构网格;而非结构网格几何适应性很好,但存在计算效率低和精度差等问题。提出了一种新的准结构网格生成方法,能够实现复杂区域的网格自动生成并且具有高网格质量。该方法首先对计算区域运用Delaunay三角剖分技术生成粗背景网格;然后利用背景网格,使用优化的Voronoi图生成过渡的蜂巢网格;最后,通过中心圆方法对蜂巢网格单元进行结构网格剖分。分析NACA0012翼型数值模拟结果表明,提出的新准结构网格生成方法能够对边界复杂的模型自动生成高质量的网格,并且通过三种不同拓扑类型网格计算结果相互对比及与实验结果对比,证明准结构网格具有高计算精度。     

Surface grid generation with a linkage to geometric generation

This paper describes a new method to generate surface grids over complex configurations defined by a geometric generation system. The scheme is designed for direct utilization of the surface definition provided by a geometric modeller based on a boundary representation (the so-called B-rep modeller). Thus, the conversion of the geometric representation for the surface grid generator is not required. Consequently, this technique eliminates not only laborious tedium in the conversion of data, but also errors in the representation of the surface induced in the process of the conversion. The proposed method is accomplished over several stages. First, the triangulation is performed on the surface of the geometry, on which the area to be grided is laid. Then linear partial differential equations are mapped and solved on these triangular elements. Finally, the surface grid is constructed by searching for the contours inside the solution domain. After the co-ordinate values of the grid points are obtained by a linear interpolation within each triangular element, these values are mapped onto the surface of the geometry through surface parametric functions provided by the B-rep modeller. An example of generating surface grid over a car configuration is given to illustrate the capability of the method.     

A variable boundary model of storm surge flooding in generalized curvilinear grids

In this paper, generalized 2D shallow sea dynamic equations in movable curvilinear co-ordinates are derived. Through a differential co-ordinate transformation a self-adaptive grid is proposed to treat a continuously deforming lateral boundary and a kinematical boundary condition is adopted. The self-adaptive grid method (SAM) is used to simulate numerically the storm surge flooding in the Bohai Sea on 23 April 1969, which was one of the largest storm surge inundations in China.