创设探究情境 开启探究意识——浅谈在初中物理实验教学中培养学生自主探究的能力

传统的"喂养"教学方式,与新课标倡导"自主、合作、探究"学习方式背道而驰,严重束缚学生的探究潜能。根据多年的教学实践,笔者从"创设激趣情境、创设‘认知冲突’情境、注重实验操作"三个方面阐述了在物理实验教学中培养学生自主探究能力,具有一定的导向性和借鉴性。     

情境生成问题问题驱动探究

物理新课程把培养学生的探究意识作为重要目标之一,鼓励学生在学习过程中积极探究.探究需要驱动力,大量实践证明问题是探究的驱动力. 爱因斯坦说过,"提出一个问题往往比解决一个问题更重要."问题意识是思维的动力,是自主探究的基石.善于问题生成是创新人才的重要特征.科学始于观察,思维源于问题,物理问题生成就是科学探究、创新实践的过程.然而问题并不是随手拈来、随心所欲的.作为教师除了鼓励学生自主探究外,还要指明探究方向,创设问题情境,教给质疑方法,为学生问题的生成创造条件.新课程的实践告诉我们,将学习内容设置成特定的"情境",特定的"情境"是围绕特定的"问题"创设的,"情境"可以转化成"问题","问题"即是"探究"的驱动力,从而解决"问题".这样可以把问题生成与探究的自主权交给学生,尊重学生的主体地位.笔者根据自己的教学实践,谈谈如何引导学生依据情境生成问题,利用问题驱动探究并解决问题的.     

利用网络创设高中物理概念探究学习情境

为了更好地进行高中物理概念教学,我们可以恰当地利用网络创设情境,设置思维冲突,让学生主动地参与探究学习,并从中完成对概念的建构.     

精心创设问题情境 激发学生主动探究——“牛顿第二定律”教学设计

以"牛顿第二定律"的教学设计为案例,论述如何利用生活体验、认知冲突、物理实验、生活实例及多媒体技术来创设问题情境,激发学生探究.     

高中物理实验探究教学模式探讨

物理实验探究对于高中生思维能力、动手能力的提高有重要作用,为了更好地培养学生的实验探究能力,该文提出一种物理实验探究教学模式:学生自主探究,教师适当引导;改进实验方法,自主设计实验;充分利用仪器,防止功能固着;创设问题情境,培养问题意识;改革评价方式,加强师生互动。     

遵循学生认知特点 多方面引导学生进行深度探究——以探究“感应电流方向”新授课为例

针对以往物理规律教学的不足,提出课堂实践改进措施,具体从通过创设问题情境、设置认知冲突、拓展思维等多方面引导学生进行深度探究,在挖掘规律本质的同时,落实物理学科核心素养.     

反证归纳让课堂探究更精彩

在物理教学中, 以学生活动为中心, 巧妙创设问题情境激发学生认知上的矛盾冲突, 适时运用几何中常 用的反证法为手段, 引导学生从表象的背面认知事物的本来特征, 进而归纳分析得到更加完善的结论, 常会使课堂 探究充满活力, 精彩纷呈     

中学物理“情境导学”研究

“情境导学”是通过创设某些切合教学内容的情境，引导学生发挥主体性，实现学生自我建构学习的一种教学模式。情境导学符合物理新课程理念的要求，顺应高考物理命题走向。可通过多种途径创设教学情境，从而灵活地引导学生学习物理知识，探究物理规律。     

物理课堂情境教学模式的探究与思考

在素质教育理念中,一种新的教学模式情境教学正在受到越来越多的关注,之所以如此受关注,是因为这种教学模式更有利于发挥学生学习主体作用,激发学生的潜能,而这些功能与我们所倡导的素质教育目标刚好契合.因此,作为教师,一定要重视在课堂上创设有效的教学情境.在本文中,笔者就结合自己在物理课堂上的一些教学实践体会,总结了几种创设教学情境的途径,希望有效的教学情境的创设可以帮助物理学科素质教育目标的顺利实现.     

物理课堂情境教学模式的探究与思考

在素质教育理念中,一种新的教学模式情境教学正在受到越来越多的关注,之所以如此受关注,是因为这种教学模式更有利于发挥学生学习主体作用,激发学生的潜能,而这些功能与我们所倡导的素质教育目标刚好契合。因此,作为教师,一定要重视在课堂上创设有效的教学情境。在本文中,笔者就结合自己在物理课堂上的一些教学实践体会,总结了几种创设教学情境的途径,希望有效的教学情境的创设可以帮助物理学科素质教育目标的顺利实现。     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

On the calculation of the bremsstrahlung in the region of the plasma frequency

On the basis of the classical theory of radiation produced in incomplete Coulomb interaction, a formula is derived for the coefficient of the bremsstrahlung of fully ionized plasma. In the region of rectilinear approximation a comparison is made with the results of the quantum formula derived from the Born approximation. Furthermore, the influence of dispersion upon the emission coefficient is taken into account; some relations for the region of dispersion are given.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

On the Question of the Source of the Apokamp

Technical Physics - The object of this work is the apokamp—a new type of plasma jet, which is formed from a bright offshoot emerging at the bending point of a channel of a high-voltage...