MAA修饰ZnO量子点及其发光特性

以ZnAc2·2H2O为原料,在乙醇中通过70℃回流4h,得到ZnO前驱物,与LiOH·H2O反应,制备出ZnO.采用巯基乙酸(mercaptoacetic acid,MAA)对所合成的ZnO进行表面修饰,修饰后的产物经SEM和XRD表征,证明获得了物相单一、近似球状、粒径为4.6nm的ZnO量子点.借助紫外-可见和荧光分析,研究了MAA对该量子点的修饰效果,探讨了设置条件下ZnO的发光机理和性质.发现该实验体系之所以产生荧光表面缺陷发射峰消失和激子发射峰明显增加的光学现象,是因为MAA有效地覆盖了ZnO的表面缺陷,并稳定包裹住ZnO粒子.同时还研究了MAA加量、温度、电解质对修饰产物发光性能的影响,发现经MAA修饰后的ZnO量子点具有较强的荧光发光性能、良好的长期陈放稳定性,以及一定的抗电解质影响能力.研究结果对ZnO量子点应用于生物分析具有重要参考价值.     

高比表面空心球状ZnO/ZnAl2O4复合光催化剂制备及活性

以葡萄糖为模板,聚乙二醇(PEG-4000)为分散剂通过一步水热法所得前驱体,经500℃焙烧4 h得到ZnO/ZnAl2O4产物。并用XRD、SEM、TEM、BET、TG/DTA和UV-Vis DRS等技术对样品进行表征。结果表明产物为空心球状ZnO/ZnAl2O4复合光催化剂,比表面积高达158.3 m2.g-1。在模拟太阳光照射下,以甲基橙溶液的光催化降解考察样品的光催化活性,研究了焙烧温度、pH值和PEG加入量对样品光催化活性的影响。结果表明,当pH=9,PEG加入量为10%(以反应理论得到的前驱体ZnO/ZnAl2O4的质量来衡量)时,光催化活性最佳,光照60 min后,0.5 g.L-1光催化剂用量对甲基橙的脱色率达98.7%,与TiO2 Degussa P-25进行比较,相同条件下对甲基橙的脱色率提高了7.7%。     

相转移催化法合成肉桂酸

用K2CO3作催化剂、PEG 400作相转移催化剂,对肉桂酸的合成工艺进行了研究.最佳条件为n(苯甲醛)∶n(乙酸酐)∶n(碳酸钾)=1∶3.25∶1,10mLPEG 400/0.1mol苯甲醛,反应时间1h,反应温度140～150℃,收率可达77.4%.     

聚乙二醇-水反应介质中长链烯烃的氢甲酰化反应

以聚乙二醇(PEG)为反应介质,考察了水溶性铑膦络合物RhCl(CO)(TPPTS)2 (TPPTS为间-三苯基膦三磺酸钠)对长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应的催化性能. 结果表明,添加适量的水于PEG中对催化剂活性有重要影响. 以PEG-400-H2O为溶剂的催化体系对 1-十二烯氢甲酰化反应的催化活性较高,在100 ℃, 5 0 MPa的优化条件下, 1-十二烯的转化率可达到92 6%, 生成醛的选择性为95 8%. 反应完成后,含水溶性铑膦络合物的PEG-水溶液与含产物的有机相分离方便,易于实现催化剂的循环使用,催化剂重复使用8次,未观察到活性和选择性下降.     

4-炔丙氧基苯甲酸的水相合成

以聚乙烯醇(PEG 600)为相转移催化剂,对羟基苯甲酸(2)与3-溴丙炔(3)反应,成功地完成了4-炔丙氧基苯甲酸(其结构经1H NMR和IR表征)的水相合成.最佳反应条件为: 2 0.5 mmol, n(2) ∶ n(3) ∶ n(NaOH)=1.0 ∶ 1.1 ∶ 4.0, w(PEG)=5%,水200 mL,于75 ℃反应72 h,产率85%.     

I_2/离子液体作为可回收均相催化剂在微波条件下高效制备全乙酰糖(英文)

以可回收的I2/PEG400型离子液体(I2/IL400)为催化体系,发展了一种高效、实用的合成全乙酰糖衍生物的方法.结果表明,以糖与乙酸酐为原料,在微波辐射、无溶剂条件以及I2/IL400体系中,数分钟之内可以非常高的产率(90%–99%)和数十毫摩尔规模(50.0 mmol)制备出全乙酰糖.通过简单的甲苯萃取,可以从I2/IL400体系中分离出全乙酰糖,I2/IL400体系可循环使用6次,且产率均在90%以上.当反应规模扩大到50.0 mmol时,该体系依然能高效快速地催化糖的全乙酰化,并且可以循环使用5次,产率依然维持在90%左右.     

PEG接枝PAN/PS高分子颗粒的形态控制研究

采用甲基丙烯酸单封端聚乙二醇大分子单体(MAA—PEG)为反应性稳定剂,使之与苯乙烯／丙烯腈在乙醇／水混合介质中三元分散共聚,利用单体间反应性差异及聚合物溶解性的不同,制备具有特殊形态的高分子颗粒．电子显微镜观察发现,颗粒形态与反应时间、单体配比、MAA—PEG浓度及分子量有关．X射线光电子能谱研究表明,增加反应时间,颗粒表面聚集的亲水性PEG成分增加,中心是聚苯乙烯,外部凸起部主要为聚丙烯腈,高分子颗粒具有核-壳结构．调节苯乙烯浓度、MAA—PEG浓度及介质组成可以控制颗粒大小,影响颗粒形态的主要因素是单体反应性差异和MAA—PEG的分子量及浓度．     

示波极谱法测定微量聚乙二醇的研究及其应用

提出了极谱法测定聚乙二醇 (PEG)的新方法。在 6× 1 0 - 3mol LHCl中 ,苯胺与亚硝酸钠反应生成重氮盐 ,该重氮盐分别与PEG 60 0、PEG 80 0、PEG 1 0 0 0、PEG 2 0 0 0反应的产物在HAc NH4 Ac缓冲溶液中各于-1 .0 6V、-0 .97V、-0 .92V、-0 .84V产生灵敏的极谱波。可用于分子量小于 2 0 0 0的PEG的定性及定量分析 ,导数波高分别与PEG 60 0浓度在 0～ 1 2g L、PEG 80 0浓度在 0～ 1 0g L、PEG 1 0 0 0浓度在 0～ 1 0g L、PEG 2 0 0 0浓度在 0～ 1 0g L范围内呈线性关系。     

微波辐射对浆态床合成甲醇CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂前驱体晶相转变的影响

在微波辐射条件下,对CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂的沉淀母液进行老化,通过XRD、TG、H2-TPR,FTIR、HR-TEM和XPS对前驱体及催化剂微观结构的进行表征,探讨了CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂前驱体晶相转变过程中微波辐射的作用。结果表明,微波辐射有利于Cu2+取代Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6中Zn2+的同晶取代反应。微波辐射的老化过程中,首先发生Cu2+取代Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6中Zn2+生成(Cu,Zn)5(CO3)2(OH)6的同晶取代反应,并于1.0 h内基本完成;随着老化时间继续延长,主要进行Zn2+取代Cu2(CO3)(OH)2中Cu2+生成(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2的同晶取代反应,同时(Cu,Zn)5(CO3)2(OH)6进一步结晶。与常规老化1 h制备的前驱体相比,微波辐射老化1.0 h制备的前驱体含有较多的(Cu,Zn)5(CO3)2(OH)6物相,有助于增强焙烧后CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂中CuO-ZnO协同作用,提高表面铜含量,进而提高CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂在浆态床合成甲醇的催化活性和稳定性,在400 h浆态床合成甲醇评价期间,甲醇时空收率最大达318.9 g.kg-1.h-1,失活率仅为0.11%.d-1。     

大分子分散改性剂PEG400-PMAH-PAA的合成及应用

马来酸酐(MAH)和聚乙二醇400(PEG400)通过开环反应制得预聚体(PEG400-PMAH);再与丙烯酸(AA)进行自由基共聚合成了新型嵌段共聚物聚乙二醇马来酸单酯一聚丙烯酸[PEG400-PMAH-PAA(1)],其结构经NMR,IR,TGA和GPC表征.结果表明1符合设计预期,Mn=3050.Mw=3979,d=1.302,分解温度大于200℃.1作为水溶性大分子分散改性剂,可以提高绢云母在湿磨加工中的水分散性以及与极性橡胶的相容性.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.