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海洋的声速结构对水下声传播有重要影响,在印度洋中北部复杂多变的海洋物理和水文环境中, 获取声速剖面的时空统计分布规律对水下目标探测和水下声通信有重要意义. 由于垂直梯度法在声速结构分析中的局限性及其在印度洋中北部海域的适用性问题, 采用多元统计分析中的最优分割法对声速跃层进行分析,并应用最近10年的地转海洋学实时观测阵 数据对印度洋中北部海域声速剖面的特征量进行了计算,获得了声速跃层的垂直结构特征和时空变化规律; 还利用经验正交函数(EOF)表示方法,分析了印度洋中北部声速剖面拟合精度随EOF阶次的分布特点. 根据印度洋的海洋物理特征,揭示了声速剖面特征量时空演变的内在物理机理.研究结果表明: 最优分割法是适合印度洋声速结构的跃层判断方法,并提出了相应的判断准则参数; 声速剖面拟合精度随EOF阶次变化的区域性分布特征较明显,其季节性变化较小; 印度洋中北部的深海声道轴只在5°S以南明显存在,在15°S---25°S 附近海域存在三个跃层;印度洋中北部声速剖面结构可分为单跃层、双跃层Ⅰ型、 双跃层Ⅱ型和三跃层四种类型以及春夏秋冬四个季节模态. 声速剖面的分析结果对于水声传播和声纳系统的使用具有一定参考意义. 相似文献
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在水平非均匀分布的浅海环境中,针对移动声源跟踪时,声速剖面的变化会对声场产生影响,提出了一种利用集合卡尔曼滤波算法的声速剖面跟踪反演和移动声源跟踪定位的方法。首先,将声速剖面进行距离和深度的参数化表示,从而将对声速剖面的跟踪转化为对声速剖面前3阶经验正交函数系数的跟踪;其次,通过将声源状态信息和声速剖面信息表示为状态变量,而将垂直线列阵接收到的声场信息作为测量值建立状态-测量模型,然后利用集合卡尔曼滤波方法对模型状态变量进行跟踪。仿真结果得出:声速剖面跟踪反演的均方根误差和移动声源跟踪定位的绝对误差都非常小,对声源的跟踪定位精度很高。并且通过增加集合样本数、增加接收信号信噪比以及增加接收阵元数目都可以提高跟踪定位结果精度。最后,利用东海实验数据对本方法进行了验证。 相似文献
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为了降低反演参数空间的维数,常利用正交经验函数(EOF)来构建声速剖面.然而,EOF方法的样本依赖性使之难以用于缺乏现场实测数据的海域.本文提出一种全新的利用历史数据而不依靠现场实时数据即可获得的声速剖面展开基函数.基于水质子流体静力方程和物态方程,推导了在缺乏实时测量的情况下从历史数据获得水动力模式基函数(HMB)的办法.利用WOA13季节平均温盐数据获得代表内潮动力特征的HMB进行分析.较之EOF, HMB及其对应的投影系数与海洋动力特征直接相关并具有明确的物理含义.基于东中国海实验获得的CTD (conductance-temperature-depth)及宽带爆炸声源声信号数据,利用声速剖面重构以及匹配场声层析对HMB进行了分析,并与EOF进行对比研究.结果表明:HMB可以以较好的精度构建浅海声速剖面.在对现场实时测量依赖更小的情况下,基于HMB方法的声场预报及声层析结果与EOF方法一样好.HMB的获取更简单且直接关联海水的物理特性,该方法可在实时测量样本不足的海域有效替代EOF进行海洋动力现象的声学监测. 相似文献
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双峰分布的超细颗粒动态光散射信号模拟及精度分析 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
为获取双峰分布超细颗粒的动态光散射模拟信号,通过建立动态光散射随机过程的AR模型,利用修正的Levison-Durbin递推算法确定模型参数和阶数的方法模拟光散射信号.分别对10 nm与90 nm,200 nm与1 000 nm双峰分布颗粒的动态光散射信号进行模拟,得到的模拟信号光强自相关函数与理论值吻合,用双指数法对颗粒粒径反演,相对误差小于3.55%.通过分析模型阶数、采样时间、采样频率、模拟数据长度等参数对模拟精度的影响,得出双峰分布颗粒光散射信号的模拟精度与各参数的关系:在低于阈值阶数时,模型阶数选择对精度影响大,模型阶数越高,信号模拟的精度越高,高于阈值阶数时,模型阶数选择对精度影响不大,可选阈值阶数模型模拟信号.选定一定的采样时间,采样频率越高,模拟数据长度越长,模拟精度越高. 相似文献
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受海面波浪起伏、降雨和内波等海洋动力学过程的影响,浅水声速剖面的时间演化具有高度非线性,针对该问题提出使用改进的粒子滤波方法进行声速剖面序贯反演.该方法通过建立声速剖面的经验正交模型(EOF)以及描述声速剖面时间演化特征的状态空间模型,将声速剖面反演问题建模为状态跟踪问题,利用不敏粒子滤波(UPF:Uncented Particle Filter)算法进行声速剖面序贯反演。仿真试验通过实测声速剖面数据和先验地声参数信息产生接收声场数据,再利用模拟声场数据估计声速剖面的时间变化.结果表明,相比于集合卡尔曼滤波(EnKF:Ensemble Kalman Filter),在计算效率等同的情形下,该方法可以在状态参数的时间跳变点保持良好的跟踪性能,一定程度上克服了现有反演算法在跳变点发散的问题,可以有效提高声速剖面反演精度,尤其在声速剖面时变性较强时具有显著优势. 相似文献
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针对浅海波导中有源声呐目标深度估计问题,提出了通过单个声源发射低频宽带信号,垂直双接收水听器接收目标回波,利用宽带目标回波比值的相位特征进行匹配相位处理的方法,不仅消除了目标散射特性对有源声呐目标深度估计的影响,而且仅需计算单程的信道传递函数,运算量小,有利于实时处理的实现需求。首先通过理论推导,定义了一个隐含目标深度、且与目标散射特性无关的声场特征——单程传播向量宽带干涉结构,在Pekeris波导条件下仿真分析了简正波阶数与单程传播向量宽带干涉结构的幅度和相位的关系,发现选取较多的简正波阶数贡献的单程传播向量宽带干涉结构进行匹配相位处理可以提高目标深度估计的性能。进一步仿真分析表明,在发射信号选取一定的时间长度和带宽的条件下,利用全部阶简正波且信噪比大于-10 dB时,方法的深度估计误差在5 m之内。最后分析了信号时间长度和处理带宽对有源声呐目标深度估计性能的影响,以及海底声速、海深和声速剖面失配时方法的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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有限差分波束传播法 (FD BPM)是模拟光在光波导器件中行为特性的重要数值方法 ,它的模拟精度决定于它的帕德 (Pad啨)展开阶数以及计算步长 ,阶数越高或计算步长越小精度就越高 ,但是计算时间就越长。为了在比较低的阶数和适中的步长下获得较高的计算精度 ,从平方根算符出发 ,运用了一些试探性的展开方法对平方根算符进行处理 ,得到 3种 2阶广角波束传播法计算公式 ,数值计算表明这些公式比传统广角波束传播法的 2阶计算公式具有更高的精度 ,而且可以将该试探性处理方法推广到更高阶的广角波束传播法。 相似文献
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Thirty-four years of data (1967-2000) are used to investigate the variability pattern relevant to air-sea interaction in the Persian Gulf. The patterns are derived using statistical techniques, such as empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and singular value decomposition (SVD). Statistical analysis methods are applied to determine the coupled modes of variability of monthly sea surface temperature (SST) and sea level pressure (SLP). The significant of the air-sea interaction is found by a strong resemblance between EOF and SVD eigenvectors and expansion coefficients of SST and SLP. We find that the four leading EOF patterns of SST together account for 99.8% of the total monthly SST variance and 94.4% of the SLP variance. The zero contour in the first SST EOF identified the front which separates the Persian Gulf cyclonic gyres.The SVD modes provide more information on the coupling between the fields than the modes obtained by EOF methods. Lagged correlation analysis between SVD1(SLP) and SVD1(SST) indicates that the coupling is strongest when SLP leads SST by −12, −6, 6 and 12 months. Therefore, the first mode of the SVD analysis seems to depict an air-to-sea forcing, in which the sea response to the atmospheric changes appears with an semiannual and interannual time lag.The two leading SVD modes of variability of the coupled SST and SLP fields account for 99.6% of the total variance. The main patterns of both variables of variability of both variables independently provide considerable information on the coupling, but only one of the two variables dominates each of the two first coupled modes.The first coupled mode of variability between the SST and atmospheric pressure can be described as a strengthening and weakening of the cyclonic gyres, which seems to force fluctuations in a north-south dipole structure in the SST by Ekman upwelling which is a wind-related process. The atmospheric forcing of the SST changes is detectable in the sea with a lag of 1 and 6 months. 相似文献
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讨论了用三维自由空间的本征模,G-H(Gauss-Hermite)模,逼近光场方程解析解的方法。根据G-H模自身的特点和物理要求,估计出需要计算的模的个数m、n是不大的。同时,由于方法的特点,可以作到:(1)模拟电子数同差分法相比可以减少近两个量级;(2)电子方程和各阶G-H模都可以完全并行计算。 相似文献
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In the present study, the effect of slip boundary condition on the rotating electroosmotic flow (EOF) of Oldroyd-B fluid in a microchannel under high zeta potential is considered numerically. The potential distribution of the electric double layer (EDL) is acquired by solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The numerical solution of velocity profile is obtained by using a finite difference method. The effects of rotating Reynolds number, electric width, viscous parameter, slip parameter etc on velocity and boundary stress for Oldroyd-B fluid EOF are discussed, which show that the slip boundary effect can reduce the boundary stress and promote the development of flow. 相似文献
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针对现有大气折射率剖面模型中干项简化模型较多、使用中难以取舍和湿项简化模型精度较低等问题,利用某台站实测探空数据,对现有几种大气折射率剖面模型的精度进行了分析。在此基础上,基于小波聚类和EOF(经验正交函数)分析方法,构建了一个能够考虑天气特征的大气折射率剖面改进模型,并利用实测数据对其精度进行了验证。结果表明:改进模型拟合精度较现有模型精度有明显改进。其中,干项模型能够充分考虑台站本地气候特征,精度更高;湿项模型将天气类型细分为四类,比现有模型精度最大提高了约6个折射率单位。同时,改进模型天气类型划分方法较容易被非气象专业人员理解,便于此模型推广应用。 相似文献
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Analytical models for the determination of thin film growth modes were developed on the basis of the simultaneous multilayer (SM) growth model. The models take into account up-step and down-step diffusion, enabling quick identification of the growth modes from experimentally obtained spectroscopic data. We tested the models by applying them to growth data from the literature that had been recorded via Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and low-energy ion scattering (LEIS). We discuss the applicability of the new analytical models in comparison with the diffusion-corrected simultaneous multilayer (DCSM) model. 相似文献
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To reconstruct the missing data of the total electron content(TEC) observations, a new method is proposed, which is based on the empirical orthogonal functions(EOF) decomposition and the value of eigenvalue itself. It is a self-adaptive EOF decomposition without any prior information needed, and the error of reconstructed data can be estimated. The interval quartering algorithm and cross-validation algorithm are used to compute the optimal number of EOFs for reconstruction.The interval quartering algorithm can reduce the computation time. The application of the data interpolating empirical orthogonal functions(DINEOF) method to the real data have demonstrated that the method can reconstruct the TEC map with high accuracy, which can be employed on the real-time system in the future work. 相似文献
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In this work, we investigate the performance of a novel integrated acousto-optical temperature sensor fabricated in LiNbO3 and operating with ultrashort light pulses (2 ps). Five parameters (time duration, bandwidth, time intensity maximum, frequency intensity maximum, and output energy on the output pulse converted for the TM mode, as a function of temperature) were observed for the switched pulse at the output of the sensor (TM mode) with and without the presence of an increasing linear self-phase modulation (SPM) profile. Comparing all analyzed parameters, one can conclude that the pulse intensity is presenting the larger variation (100.09%) as a function of the temperature change (24.5 to 400°C) in a configuration without profile. Considering the increasing linear SPM profile, all the analyzed parameters are presenting a significant increase in the percentile variations in the studied range of temperature (24.5 to 400°C). Comparing all the five parameters, in two configurations (with and without the use of linear SPM profile), one can conclude that the time intensity maximum showed to be the most suitable parameter as measurement to be accomplished in a schematic detection for the temperature sensing in the range 24.5 to 400°C. We can conclude that the sensitivity of the AOTS is improving in the configuration with the increasing nonlinearity profile (β = 2) and for higher temperature. 相似文献