The jumping phenomenon of the dimensions of cohomology groups of tangent sheaf

Let X be a compact complex manifold. Consider a small deformation π: X → B of X, the dimensions of the cohomology groups of tangent sheaf H^q(X_t, TX_t) may vary under this deformation. This article studies such phenomena by studying the obstructions to deform a class in H^q(X, TX) with parameter t and gets a formula for the obstructions.     

1-Cocycles on the group of contactomorphisms on the supercircle S1|3 generalizing the Schwarzian derivative

The relative cohomology H_diff¹(K(1|3), osp(2, 3);D_γ,µ(S^1|3)) of the contact Lie superalgebra K(1|3) with coefficients in the space of differential operators D_γ,µ(S^1|3) acting on tensor densities on S^1|3, is calculated in N.Ben Fraj, I. Laraied, S. Omri (2013) and the generating 1-cocycles are expressed in terms of the infinitesimal super-Schwarzian derivative 1-cocycle s(X_f) = D₁D₂D₃(_f)α₃^1/2, X^f ∈ K(1|3) which is invariant with respect to the conformal subsuperalgebra osp(2, 3) of K(1|3).     

The structure of bialgebra with a Hopf module

Let H be a Hopf algebra, B a bialgebra, and (B, ?, ρ) a right H-Hopf module. Assume that (B, ρ) is a right H-comodule algebra, (B, ?) is a right H-module coalgebra, and let A = B ^{co H} = {a ∈ B | ρ(a) = a ? 1}. Then we prove that B has a factorization of A□ _ρ ^? (the underlying space is A ? H) as a bialgebra, which generalizes Radford’s factorization of bialgebras with projection [12].     

Равносходимость разложений в кратный ряд и интеграл фурье, «прямоугольные частичные суммы» которых рассматриваются по некоторой подпоследовательности

In this paper we investigate the problem of the equiconvergence on T ^N = [-π, π) ^N of the expansions in multiple trigonometric series and Fourier integral of functions f ∈ L _p (T ^N ) and g ∈ L _p (? ^N ), where p > 1, N ≥ 3, g(x) = f(x) on T ^N , in the case when the “rectangular partial sums” of the indicated expansions, i.e.,– _n (x; f) and J _α(x; g), respectively, have indices n ∈ ? ^N and α ∈ ? ^N (n _j = [α _j ], j = 1,...,N, [t] is the integer part of t ∈ ?¹), in those certain components are the elements of “lacunary sequences”.     

Dirichlet units and critical points of closed 1-forms

S.P. Novikov developed an analog of the Morse theory for closed 1-forms. In this paper we suggest an analog of the Lusternik-Schnirelman theory for closed 1-forms. For any cohomology class ξ ε H¹(X,R) we define an integer cl(ξ) (the cup-length associated with ξ); we prove that any closed 1-form representing ξ has at least cl(ξ) - 1 critical points. The number cl(ξ) is defined using cup-products in cohomology of some flat line bundles, such that their monodromy is described by complex numbers, which are not Dirichlet units.     

On a continuous analogue of the stochastic difference equation Xn=ρXn-1+Bn

Let B₁, B₂, ... be a sequence of independent, identically distributed random variables, letX₀ be a random variable that is independent ofB_n forn?1, let ρ be a constant such that 0<ρ<1 and letX₁,X₂, ... be another sequence of random variables that are defined recursively by the relationshipsX_n=ρX_n-1+B_n. It can be shown that the sequence of random variablesX₁,X₂, ... converges in law to a random variableX if and only ifE[log⁺¦B₁¦]<∞. In this paper we let {B(t):0≦t<∞} be a stochastic process with independent, homogeneous increments and define another stochastic process {X(t):0?t<∞} that stands in the same relationship to the stochastic process {B(t):0?t<∞} as the sequence of random variablesX₁,X₂,...stands toB₁,B₂,.... It is shown thatX(t) converges in law to a random variableX ast →+∞ if and only ifE[log⁺¦B(1)¦]<∞ in which caseX has a distribution function of class L. Several other related results are obtained. The main analytical tool used to obtain these results is a theorem of Lukacs concerning characteristic functions of certain stochastic integrals.     

On the well-posedness of degenerate fractional differential equations in vector valued function spaces

We characterize completely the well-posedness on the vector-valued Hölder and Lebesgue spaces of the degenerate fractional differential equation D ^α (Mu)(t) = Au(t) + f(t), t ∈ ? by using vector-valued multiplier results in the spaces C ^γ (?;X) and L ^p (?;X), where A and M are closed linear operators defined on the Banach space X, 0 < γ < 1, 1 < p < ∞, the fractional derivative is understood in the sense of Caputo and α is positive.     

On Osgood theorem in Banach spaces

Let X be a real Banach space, ω : [0, +∞) → ? be an increasing continuous function such that ω(0) = 0 and ω(t + s) ≤ ω(t) + ω(s) for all t, s ∈ [0, +∞). According to the infinite dimensional analog of the Osgood theorem if ∫¹₀ (ω(t))^?1 dt = ∞, then for any (t₀, x₀) ∈ ?×X and any continuous map f : ?×X → X such that ∥f(t, x) – f(t, y)∥ ≤ ω(∥x – y∥) for all t ∈ ?, x, y ∈ X, the Cauchy problem (t) = f(t, x(t)), x(t₀) = x₀ has a unique solution in a neighborhood of t₀. We prove that if X has a complemented subspace with an unconditional Schauder basis and ∫¹₀ (ω(t))^?1 dt < ∞ then there exists a continuous map f : ? × X → X such that ∥f(t, x) – f(t, y)∥ ≤ ω(∥x – y∥) for all (t, x, y) ∈ ? × X × X and the Cauchy problem (t) = f(t, x(t)), x(t₀) = x₀ has no solutions in any interval of the real line.     

Commutators of Calderón-Zygmund operators related to admissible functions on spaces of homogeneous type and applications to Schrödinger operators

Let X be an RD-space. In this paper, the authors establish the boundedness of the commutator Tbf = bTf-T(bf) on Lp , p∈(1,∞), where T is a Calderón-Zygmund operator related to the admissible function ρ and b∈BMOθ(X)BMO(X). Moreover, they prove that Tb is bounded from the Hardy space H1ρ(X) into the weak Lebesgue space L1weak(X). This can be used to deal with the Schrdinger operators and Schrdinger type operators on the Euclidean space Rn and the sub-Laplace Schrdinger operators on the stratified Lie group G.     

Automorphisms of free groups and the mapping class groups of closed compact orientable surfaces

Let N be the stabilizer of the word w = s ₁ t ₁ s ₁ ^?1 t ₁ ^?1 … s _g t _g s _g ^?1 t _g ^?1 in the group of automorphisms Aut(F _2g ) of the free group with generators ?ub;s _i, t _i?ub; _i=1,…,g . The fundamental group π₁(Σ_g) of a two-dimensional compact orientable closed surface of genus g in generators ?ub;s _i, t _i?ub; is determined by the relation w = 1. In the present paper, we find elements S _i, T _i ∈ N determining the conjugation by the generators s _i, t _i in Aut(π₁(Σ_g)). Along with an element β ∈ N, realizing the conjugation by w, they generate the kernel of the natural epimorphism of the group N on the mapping class group M _g,0 = Aut(π₁(Σ_g))/Inn(π₁(Σ_g)). We find the system of defining relations for this kernel in the generators S ₁, …, S _g, T ₁, …, T _g, α. In addition, we have found a subgroup in N isomorphic to the braid group B _g on g strings, which, under the abelianizing of the free group F _2g , is mapped onto the subgroup of the Weyl group for Sp(2g, ?) consisting of matrices that contain only 0 and 1.     

Oscillatory hyper Hilbert transforms along general curves

We consider the oscillatory hyper Hilbert transform H _γ,α,β f(x) = ∫ ₀ ^∞ f(x - Γ(t))e^it-β t^-(1+α)dt; where Γ(t) = (t, γ(t)) in ?² is a general curve. When γ is convex, we give a simple condition on γ such that H _γ,α,β is bounded on L ² when β > 3α, β > 0: As a corollary, under this condition, we obtain the L ^p -boundedness of H _γ,α,β when 2β/(2β - 3α) < p < 2β/(3α). When Γ is a general nonconvex curve, we give some more complicated conditions on γ such that H _γ,α,β is bounded on L ²: As an application, we construct a class of strictly convex curves along which H _γ,α,β is bounded on L ² only if β > 2α > 0.     

Conditional limit theorems for critical continuous-state branching processes

We study the conditional limit theorems for critical continuous-state branching processes with branching mechanism ψ(λ) = λ1+αL(1/λ), where α∈ [0, 1] and L is slowly varying at ∞. We prove that if α∈(0, 1], there are norming constants Qt→ 0(as t ↑ +∞) such that for every x 0, Px(QtXt∈·| Xt 0)converges weakly to a non-degenerate limit. The converse assertion is also true provided the regularity of ψ at0. We give a conditional limit theorem for the case α = 0. The limit theorems we obtain in this paper allow infinite variance of the branching process.     

Properties of Cesàro means of double Fourier series

The pointwise behavior of partial sums and Cesàro means of trigonometric series were studied in many papers. This paper deals with the behavior of rectangular Cesàro means at a point (x ₀, y ₀) for functions f(x, y) bounded in the square [?π; π]² and satisfying the condition |f(x ₀ + s, y ₀ + t) ? f(x ₀, y ₀)| ≤ ρ $ \left( {\sqrt {s^2 + t^2 } } \right) $ ^α , for some α ∈ (0, 1) and all s and t.     

Attractors of dissipative hyperbolic equations with singularly oscillating external forces

We study a uniform attractor $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon $ for a dissipative wave equation in a bounded domain Ω ? ?ⁿ under the assumption that the external force singularly oscillates in time; more precisely, it is of the form g ₀(x, t)+ ε^?α g ₁ (x, t/ε), x ∈ Ω, t ∈ ?, where α > 0, 0 < ε ≤ 1. In E = H ₀ ¹ × L ₂, this equation has an absorbing set B ^ε estimated as ‖B ^ε‖ _E ≤C ₁+C ₂ε^?α and, therefore, can increase without bound in the norm of E as ε → 0+. Under certain additional constraints on the function g ₁(x, z), x ∈ Ω, z ∈ ?, we prove that, for 0 < α ≤ α ₀, the global attractors $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon $ of such an equation are bounded in E, i.e., $\parallel \mathcal{A}^\varepsilon \parallel _E \leqslant C_3 $ , 0 < ε ≤ 1. Along with the original equation, we consider a “limiting” wave equation with external force g ₀(x, t) that also has a global attractor $\mathcal{A}^0 $ . For the case in which g ₀(x, t) = g ₀(x) and the global attractor $\mathcal{A}^0 $ of the limiting equation is exponential, it is established that, for 0 < α ≤ α ₀, the Hausdorff distance satisfies the estimate $dist_E (\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon ,\mathcal{A}^0 ) \leqslant C\varepsilon ^{\eta (\alpha )} $ , where η(α) > 0. For η(α) and α ₀, explicit formulas are given. We also study the nonautonomous case in which g ₀ = g ₀(x, t). It is assumed that sufficient conditions are satisfied for which the “limiting” nonautonomous equation has an exponential global attractor. In this case, we obtain upper bounds for the Hausdorff distance of the attractors $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon $ from $\mathcal{A}^0 $ , similar to those given above.     

Equiconvergence of expansions in multiple Fourier series and in fourier integrals with “lacunary sequences of partial sums”

We investigate the equiconvergence on T^N = [?π, π)^N of expansions in multiple trigonometric Fourier series and in the Fourier integrals of functions f ∈ L_p(T^N) and g ∈ L_p(R^N), p > 1, N ≥ 3, g(x) = f(x) on T^N, in the case where the “partial sums” of these expansions, i.e., S_n(x; f) and J_α(x; g), respectively, have “numbers” n ∈ Z^N and α ∈ R^N (n_j = [α_j], j = 1,..., N, [t] is the integral part of t ∈ R¹) containing N ? 1 components which are elements of “lacunary sequences.”     

Solutions of second order degenerate integro-differential equations in vector-valued function spaces

We study the well-posedness of the second order degenerate integro-differential equations(P2):(Mu)(t)+α(Mu)(t) = Au(t)+ft-∞ a(ts)Au(s)ds + f(t),0t2π,with periodic boundary conditions M u(0)=Mu(2π),(Mu)(0) =(M u)(2π),in periodic Lebesgue-Bochner spaces Lp(T,X),periodic Besov spaces B s p,q(T,X) and periodic Triebel-Lizorkin spaces F s p,q(T,X),where A and M are closed linear operators on a Banach space X satisfying D(A) D(M),a∈L1(R+) and α is a scalar number.Using known operatorvalued Fourier multiplier theorems,we completely characterize the well-posedness of(P2) in the above three function spaces.     

A method of finding automorphism groups of endomorphism monoids of relational systems

For any set X and any relation ρ on X, let T(X,ρ) be the semigroup of all maps a:X→X that preserve ρ. Let S(X) be the symmetric group on X. If ρ is reflexive, the group of automorphisms of T(X,ρ) is isomorphic to N_S(X)(T(X,ρ)), the normalizer of T(X,ρ) in S(X), that is, the group of permutations on X that preserve T(X,ρ) under conjugation. The elements of N_S(X)(T(X,ρ)) have been described for the class of so-called dense relations ρ. The paper is dedicated to applications of this result.     

Existence, attractiveness and stability of solutions for quadratic Urysohn fractional integral equations

In this paper, existence and attractiveness of solutions for quadratic Urysohn fractional integral equations on an unbounded interval are obtained by virtue of Tichonov fixed point theorem and suitable conjunction of the well known measure ω₀(X) and the spaces C(R⁺). Further, three certain solutions sets X_L,γ, X_1,α and X_{1,(1−(α+v))}, which tending to zero at an appropriate rate t^−ν (ν > 0), ν = γ (or α or 1 − (α + v)) as t → ∞, are introduced and stability of solutions for quadratic Urysohn fractional integral equations are obtained based on these solutions sets respectively by applying Schauder fixed point theorem via some easy checked conditions. An example is given to illustrate the results.     

A remark on the tail probability of a distribution

Let {X_n}_n≥1 be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables. For each integer n ≥ 1 and positive constants r, t, and ?, let S_n = Σ_j=1ⁿX_j and $\text{E{N}{}_{\mathrm{\infty }}\text{(r, t, ?)} = Σ}{}_{\mathrm{n=1}}{}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\text{n}{}^{\mathrm{r?2}}\text{P{|S}{}_{\mathrm{n}}\text{| > ?n}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>r</mtext><mtext>t</mtext>}}\text{}}$. In this paper, we prove that (1) lim_?→0+?^α(r?1)E{N_∞(r, t, ?)} = K(r, t) if E(X₁) = 0, Var(X₁) = 1, and E(| X₁ |^t) < ∞, where 2 ≤ t < 2r ≤ 2t, $\text{K(r, t) =}\text{{2}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>\alpha (r?1)</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}\text{Γ(}\text{(1 + α(r ? 1))}\text{2}\text{)}}\text{{(r ? 1) Γ(}\text{1}\text{2}\text{)}}$, and $\text{α =}\text{2t}\text{(2r ? t)}$; (2) $\text{lim}{}_{\mathrm{?\to 0+}}\text{G(t, ?)}\text{H(t, ?)}\text{= 0}$ if 2 < t < 4, E(X₁) = 0, Var(X₁) > 0, and E(|X₁|^t) < ∞, where G(t, ?) = E{N_∞(t, t, ?)} = Σ_n=1^∞n^t?2P{| S_n | > ?n} → ∞ as ? → 0+ and $\text{H(t, ?) = E{N}{}_{\mathrm{\infty }}\text{(t, t, ?)} = Σ}{}_{\mathrm{n=1}}{}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\text{n}{}^{\mathrm{t?2}}\text{P{| S}{}_{\mathrm{n}}\text{| > ?n}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>2</mtext><mtext>t</mtext>}}\text{} → ∞}\text{as}\text{? → 0+}$, i.e., H(t, ?) goes to infinity much faster than G(t, ?) as ? → 0+ if 2 < t < 4, E(X₁) = 0, Var(X₁) > 0, and E(| X₁ |^t) < ∞. Our results provide us with a much better and deeper understanding of the tail probability of a distribution.