Ring intermittency in coupled chaotic oscillators at the boundary of phase synchronization

A new type of intermittent behavior is described to occur near the boundary of the phase synchronization regime of coupled chaotic oscillators. This mechanism, called ring intermittency, arises for sufficiently high initial mismatches in the frequencies of the two coupled systems. The laws for both the distribution and the mean length of the laminar phases versus the coupling strength are analytically deduced. Very good agreement between the theoretical results and the numerically calculated data is shown. We discuss how this mechanism is expected to take place in other relevant physical circumstances.     

Numerical bifurcation analysis of two coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators

The behavior of neurons can be modeled by the FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillator model, consisting of two nonlinear differential equations, which simulates the behavior of nerve impulse conduction through the neuronal membrane. In this work, we numerically study the dynamical behavior of two coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators. We consider unidirectional and bidirectional couplings, for which Lyapunov and isoperiodic diagrams were constructed calculating the Lyapunov exponents and the number of the local maxima of a variable in one period interval of the time-series, respectively. By numerical continuation method the bifurcation curves are also obtained for both couplings. The dynamics of the networks here investigated are presented in terms of the variation between the coupling strength of the oscillators and other parameters of the system. For the network of two oscillators unidirectionally coupled, the results show the existence of Arnold tongues, self-organized sequentially in a branch of a Stern-Brocot tree and by the bifurcation curves it became evident the connection between these Arnold tongues with other periodic structures in Lyapunov diagrams. That system also presents multistability shown in the planes of the basin of attractions.     

Self-Trapping of Two Weakly Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates with Oscillating Atomic Scattering Length

We investigate the self-tapping phenomena for two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with a rapid periodic modulation of the atomic scattering length. By using an averaging method, the equations of motion of the slow dynamics are derived to analyze the self-trapping behavior. It is shown numerically that under certain conditions, an alternative self-trapping in either well appears.     

Control of dynamical instability in semiconductor quantum nanostructures diode lasers: Role of phase-amplitude coupling

We numerically investigate the complex nonlinear dynamics for two independently coupled laser systems consisting of (i) mutually delay-coupled edge emitting diode lasers and (ii) injection-locked quantum nanostructures lasers. A comparative study in dependence on the dynamical role of α parameter, which determine the phase-amplitude coupling of the optical field, in both the cases is probed. The variation of α lead to conspicuous changes in the dynamics of both the systems, which are characterized and investigated as a function of optical injection strength η for the fixed coupled-cavity delay time τ. Our analysis is based on the observation that the cross-correlation and bifurcation measures unveil the signature of enhancement of amplitude-death islands in which the coupled lasers mutually stay in stable phase-locked states. In addition, we provide a qualitative understanding of the physical mechanisms underlying the observed dynamical behavior and its dependence on α. The amplitude death and the existence of multiple amplitude death islands could be implemented for applications including diode lasers stabilization.     

Collective phase chaos in the dynamics of interacting oscillator ensembles

We study the chaotic behavior of order parameters in two coupled ensembles of self-sustained oscillators. Coupling within each of these ensembles is switched on and off alternately, while the mutual interaction between these two subsystems is arranged through quadratic nonlinear coupling. We show numerically that in the course of alternating Kuramoto transitions to synchrony and back to asynchrony, the exchange of excitations between two subpopulations proceeds in such a way that their collective phases are governed by an expanding circle map similar to the Bernoulli map. We perform the Lyapunov analysis of the dynamics and discuss finite-size effects.     

Chaos in coupled lasers with low-frequency modulation

The dynamics of the array consisting of two coupled solid-state lasers with frequency modulations was researched numerically. Array intensity’s chaotic behavior is predicted when the modulation frequency is low. The physical mechanism of the chaos is discussed here qualitatively. It was found that not only a harmonic resonance itself but also the duration of the harmonic resonance long enough is needed for the appearance of the chaos.     

Noise enhanced phase synchronization and coherence resonance in sets of chaotic oscillators with weak global coupling

The effect of noise on phase synchronization in small sets and larger populations of weakly coupled chaotic oscillators is explored. Both independent and correlated noise are found to enhance phase synchronization of two coupled chaotic oscillators below the synchronization threshold; this is in contrast to the behavior of two coupled periodic oscillators. This constructive effect of noise results from the interplay between noise and the locking features of unstable periodic orbits. We show that in a population of nonidentical chaotic oscillators, correlated noise enhances synchronization in the weak coupling region. The interplay between noise and weak coupling induces a collective motion in which the coherence is maximal at an optimal noise intensity. Both the noise-enhanced phase synchronization and the coherence resonance numerically observed in coupled chaotic R?ssler oscillators are verified experimentally with an array of chaotic electrochemical oscillators.     

Formation of entangled states in nonequilibrium quantum systems with partial coherent pumping

The problem of generating the entangled states of two parametrically coupled quantum oscillators at finite temperatures is considered. For coherent pumping, an analytical expression describing the behavior of logarithmic negativity is obtained using the Heisenberg–Langevin formalism. The expression also describes the attaining of a long nonzero steady-state value of logarithmic negativity. It is shown numerically that pumping noise limits the lifetime of entanglement in the system.     

Dynamics of the entanglement between two oscillators in the same environment

We provide a complete characterization of the evolution of entanglement between two resonant oscillators coupled to a common environment. We identify three phases with different qualitative long time behavior. There is a phase where entanglement undergoes a sudden death. Another phase (sudden death and revival) is characterized by an infinite sequence of events of sudden death and revival of entanglement. In the third phase (no sudden death) there is no sudden death of entanglement, which persists for a long time. The phase diagram is described and analytic expressions for the boundary between phases are obtained. These results are applicable to a large variety of non-Markovian environments. The case of nonresonant oscillators is also numerically investigated.     

Quantum Nonlinear Oscillator with Two Degrees of Freedom in a Laser Field

The semiclassical dynamics of a quantum nonlinear oscillator with two degrees of freedom and anharmonicity of the fourth order in a periodic laser field is studied both analytically and numerically. In the absence of external excitation and dissipation, the equations of motion for the mean values of the coordinate and momentum operators of both degrees of freedom reduce to the equation of a onedimensional nonlinear pendulum. The general solution of this equation is written in terms of the Jacobian elliptic functions. As can be expected, the energy of the free oscillator is redistributed periodically between degrees of freedom. The periodic excitation of the nonlinear oscillator may substantially change its motion pattern. Using as an example an oscillator with two coupled vibrational degrees of freedom, it is numerically shown that the amount of laser photons absorbed depending on the parameter values and initial conditions may vary with time in a rather complex manner, including chaotic oscillations. A nonlinear oscillator is capable of manifesting bistable behavior with allowance for dissipation. The analytical condition for the origination of bistability is found. Examples of the bistable dependence of the number of quanta in the oscillator vibrational mode on the level of laser excitation are presented.     

Incoherently coupled photorefractive bright-bright soliton pairs in one and two dimensions

We investigate incoherently coupled bright-bright soliton pairs in photorefractive crystals under steady-state condition in both one and two transverse dimensions. The novel numerical scheme according to the Crank-Nicholson method generalized in three dimensions accompanied by the central difference method was used to solve the coupled wave and potential equations in order to find soliton solution and pairs distribution. Simulation of propagation is performed numerically and show that the presence of both components is required for stable propagation. This simulation approach demonstrates beams evolution after decoupling clearly.     

“Hopf/homoclinic”簇放电和“SubHopf/homoclinic"簇放电之间的同步

以修正过的Morris-Lecar神经元模型为例,讨论了“Hopf/homoclinic”簇放电和“SubHopf/homoclinic"簇放电之间的同步行为.首先,分别考察了同一拓扑类型的两个耦合簇放电神经元的同步行为,发现“Hopf/homoclinic”簇放电比“SubHopf/homoclinic”簇放电达到膜电位完全同步所需要的耦合强度小,即前者比后者更容易达到膜电位完全同步.其次,对这两个不同拓扑类型的簇放电神经元的耦合同步行为进行了讨论.通过数值分析发现随着耦合强度的增加,两种不同类型的簇放电首先达到簇放电同步,然后当耦合强度足够大时甚至可以达到膜电位完全同步,并且同步后的放电类型更接近容易同步的簇放电类型,即“Hopf/homoclinic”簇放电.然而令人奇怪的是此时慢变量并没有达到完全同步,而是相位同步;慢变量之间呈现为一种线性关系.这一点和现有文献的结果截然不同.     

Experimental investigation of partial synchronization in coupled chaotic oscillators

The dynamical behavior of a ring of six diffusively coupled R?ssler circuits, with different coupling schemes, is experimentally and numerically investigated using the coupling strength as a control parameter. The ring shows partial synchronization and all the five patterns predicted analyzing the symmetries of the ring are obtained experimentally. To compare with the experiment, the ring has been integrated numerically and the results are in good qualitative agreement with the experimental ones. The results are analyzed through the graphs generated plotting the y variable of the ith circuit versus the variable y of the jth circuit. As an auxiliary tool to identify numerically the behavior of the oscillators, the three largest Lyapunov exponents of the ring are obtained.     

A vehicle overtaking model of traffic dynamics

Mathematical models that describe the dynamical behavior of a group of vehicles as they move along a stretch of road are known as car following models. They attempt to model the interactions between individual vehicles where the behavior of each vehicle is dependent on the motion of the vehicle directly in front and overtaking is not permitted. In this paper, the traditional car following model is modified by removing this "no overtaking" restriction and its behavior is investigated for a group of vehicles traveling on a closed loop. The resulting model is described in terms of a set of coupled time delay differential equations, and these are solved numerically to analyze their post transient behavior under a periodic perturbation. The effect of varying both the time taken for the driver to respond to the behavior of the vehicle in front and the length of the closed loop is examined. For certain parameter choices, the post transient behavior is found to be chaotic, and in these cases the degree of chaos is estimated using the Grassberger-Procaccia dimension.     

弱耦合映射系统在周期窗口内的行为

通过解析讨论及数值计算的验证,发现弱耦合映射系统的周期窗口只存在于耦合强度极小的范围内(对于3周期窗口大约为10^-3),这个范围可以定义为周期窗口的深度。在周期窗口内耦合映射的行为可以通过讨论少数几个模(相对简单的耦合三映射,实质是一维映射)而确定。耦合映射的第一Lyapunov指数随耦合强度增大的变化曲线呈锯齿形状。 关键词：     

超晶格电流振荡的分岔图和Poincaré映射

基于超晶格输运的分立漂移模型,数值模拟了掺杂弱耦合GaAs AlAs超晶格在外加交流偏压下电场畴的输运行为.以黄金分割比固定交流驱动频率,模拟并分析不同交流幅度下电流的准周期、锁频及混沌现象.     

Anticipating the response of excitable systems driven by random forcing

We study the regime of anticipated synchronization in unidirectionally coupled model neurons subject to a common external aperiodic forcing that makes their behavior unpredictable. We show numerically and by analog hardware electronic circuits that, under appropriate coupling conditions, the pulses fired by the slave neuron anticipate (i.e., predict) the pulses fired by the master neuron. This anticipated synchronization occurs even when the common external forcing is white noise.     

In phase and antiphase synchronization of coupled homoclinic chaotic oscillators

We numerically investigate the dynamics of a closed chain of unidirectionally coupled oscillators in a regime of homoclinic chaos. The emerging synchronization regimes show analogies with the experimental behavior of a single chaotic laser subjected to a delayed feedback.     

Probabilistic radiative transfer—Two simply coupled spectral lines

The diffusion of radiation in a pair of coupled spectral lines formed by electron transitions between two excited levels and a common lower level is formulated in terms of probability functions for the case of a plane-parallel atmosphere. The equations are solved numerically for the four distributions with depth in the atmosphere for the probability that a photon formed in a specified line at a particular depth eventually escapes in a specified line. The behavior of the solutions is interpreted on the basis of simple probability models. An equation expressing the difference in the source functions of the lines in terms of the probability functions is derived and discussed.