铽-依诺沙星-SDS敏化荧光猝灭法检测雷公藤红素

在pH 9.3的氨-氯化铵缓冲溶液中,铽(Ⅲ)能与依诺沙星、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)形成荧光配合物(λex=330 nm、λem=545 nm),SDS的存在能增强配合物的荧光强度。研究发现,在该反应体系中加入适量雷公藤红素溶液后,铽(Ⅲ)与依诺沙星络合物的激发、发射峰位置不变,但其荧光强度呈规律性下降。据此,建立了简单、快速、灵敏地测定雷公藤红素的荧光分析方法。雷公藤红素的浓度在5.2×10-6～8.4×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,方法的检出限为4.1×10-8 mol/L。     

铝敏化荧光法测定甲磺酸加替沙星

研究了甲磺酸加替沙星的铝敏化荧光性质。实验发现,在pH6.00的邻苯二甲酸氢钾-NaOH缓冲体系中,溶液中的铝(Ⅲ)能与甲磺酸加替沙星反应生成稳定的络合物从而增强甲磺酸加替沙星的内源性荧光,使其荧光强度显著增强。据此建立了铝(Ⅲ)-甲磺酸加替沙星体系荧光增强法测定微量甲磺酸加替沙星的新方法。该体系在λex=365nm,λem=470nm时,甲磺酸加替沙星的浓度在1.28×10-8～3.15×10-6mol/L范围内与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,方法检出限为8.6×10-9mol/L。相对标准偏差为1.3%(c=2.0×10-7mol/L,n=5)。此方法已成功用于药物制剂中甲磺酸加替沙星含量的测定。     

盐酸吡格列酮与曙红Y相互作用的荧光和共振光散射光谱研究

在HCl-NaOAc酸性缓冲介质中,曙红Y(EY)与盐酸吡格列酮(PGH)反应形成1∶1的离子缔合物,不仅引起曙红Y的荧光猝灭(FLU),更能导致共振散射(RRS)的显著增强。荧光猝灭的激发和发射波长分别为λex=524nm和λem=544nm;最大共振散射波长为308nm,并在540nm处产生一共振峰。方法的线性范围分别为9.04×10-7～2.05×10-5mol/L(FLU)和1.6×10-7～5.1×10-6mol/L(RRS),检出限分别为1.88×10-7mol/L(FLU)和4.82×10-8mol/L(RRS)。研究了荧光和共振散射的光谱特征、适宜的反应条件及影响因素,据此建立了灵敏、简便、快速测定抗糖尿病药物盐酸吡格列酮的新方法。     

荧光光度法测定环境水样中的苯酚和对苯二酚

建立了荧光光度法直接测定环境水样中的苯酚和对苯二酚的新方法.通过β-环糊精增敏,三维荧光扫描选择测量波长,在波长对为λex/λem=273/307 nm时测定苯酚,苯酚的线性范围为0～1×10-4 mol/L,检出限为6.6×10-8 mol/L;在波长对为λex/λem=295/331 nm时测定对苯二酚, 对苯二酚的线性范围为0～1.5×10-5 mol/L,检出限为5.2×10-9 mol/L,回收率达到93.5%～103.5%.     

铁敏化荧光分析法测定乳酸环丙沙星的研究

研究了胶束体系中乳酸环丙沙星的铁敏化荧光性质.实验发现,在pH 5.56的HAc-NaAc介质中,溶液中的Fe(Ⅲ)能与乳酸环丙沙星和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)反应生成稳定的络合物从而增强乳酸环丙沙星分子的内源性荧光,使其荧光强度显著增强.据此,建立了Fe(Ⅲ)-乳酸环丙沙星-SDS三元体系荧光增强法测定微量乳酸环丙沙星的新方法.该体系在最大激发波长λex=365nm,最大发射波长λem=430 nm时,乳酸环丙沙星浓度在4.0×10-9～2.0×10-5 mol/L范围内与其荧光强度呈良好的线性关系.方法的检出限为:6.2×10-10 mol/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.8%(c=2.0×10-7 mol/L,n=5).     

铝(Ⅲ)-氧氟沙星-十二烷基硫酸钠荧光体系测定微量铝的研究

在NaAc HAc介质中,溶液中的铝(Ⅲ)能与氧氟沙星和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)反应生成一稳定的络合物,使氧氟沙星的内源性荧光显著增强,据此建立了铝(Ⅲ) 氧氟沙星 SDS体系测定铝(Ⅲ)的荧光分析新方法。该体系的最大激发波长λex=365nm,最大发射波长λem=480nm,铝(Ⅲ)浓度在2.0×10-7～5.0×10-5mol L范围内,与荧光增强程度成正比。该方法可直接用于水样和食品中微量铝(Ⅲ)的测定。     

血红蛋白-维生素B6-ONOO-体系的荧光特性及ONOO-分析

在中性pH值的缓冲溶液中,血红蛋白作催化剂,维生素B6与过氧亚硝酸活性氧(ONOO-)发生反应,维生素B6原来位于391 nm处的强烈的荧光发射峰消失,而在384 nm和424 nm处出现了两个新的荧光峰.据此建立了血红蛋白一维生素B6体系高灵敏检测ONOO-活性氧的新方法.方法的线性范围为5.24×10-8～2.62×10-6mol/L,检出限为2.62×10-9mol/L,对1.31×10-7mol/L的ONOO-溶液测定的相对标准偏差为3.75%(n=7).     

双波长荧光法同时测定水溶解态的茚、萘和菲

建立了一种同时测定水体中多组分溶解态多环芳烃的新方法。为消除共存组分干扰,利用三维荧光谱确定茚、萘和菲的最佳测量点为A(λex250.0nm,λem308.0nm)、B(λex225.0nm,λem335.0nm)、C(λex250.0nm,λem364.0nm);萘和菲相应的最佳参比波长分别为292.5nm和286.7nm,所建方法用于水体中茚、萘和菲的同时测定。其线性范围分别为:2.00×10-7～2.00×10-5mol/L、5.00×10-8～3.50×10-6mol/L和1.00×10-8～1.00×10-6mol/L;检出限分别为:8.63×10-9、1.01×10-8和5.29×10-10mol/L;相对标准偏差分别为:1.1%、1.0%和0.7%(n=7)。方法用于自来水样和海水样的测定,结果满意。     

以Eu（Ⅲ）作荧光探针时间分辨荧光法测定吡哌酸

建立了一种以Eu(Ⅲ)作为荧光探针,时间分辨荧光法测定吡哌酸的新方法。吡哌酸和Eu(Ⅲ)配合后在受到紫外光激发时发生分子内能量转移,配合物发射铕离子的特征荧光。以荧光强度进行条件优化,结果表明,在pH 8.2的缓冲溶液中,加入适量阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)后,体系荧光强度大大增强。方法的检出限(3σ)为2×10-8mol/L,测定精度RSD为0.62%(2×10-6mol/L,n=11)。吡哌酸溶液在5×10-8~5×10-6mol/L范围内线性关系良好。该方法可用于吡哌酸片剂及尿液中痕量吡哌酸的测定,药片测定结果与药典方法基本一致。     

微波消解-荧光猝灭法测定痕量铜的研究

利用微波消解前处理样品,在(CH2)6N4(六亚甲基四胺)-HCl介质中,溶液中的铜能与甲磺酸加替沙星形成稳定的络合物,使甲磺酸加替沙星的内源性荧光显著猝灭,据此建立了铜-甲磺酸加替沙星的荧光分析新方法.该体系的最大激发波长λex=365 nm,最大发射波长λem=500 nm,铜浓度在4.0×10-8 ～1.2×10-5 mol/L范围内,与荧光猝灭程度成正比.检出限为1.2×10-8 mol/L,回收率为97% ～104%.该法可直接用于测定铜含量,结果令人满意.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.