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溶剂热法制备Bi2S3纳米材料 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
0引言纳米材料具有特殊的结构和性能,可广泛应用于化学、物理学、电子学、光学、机械和生物医药学等领域[1 ̄5]。其中一维或准一维纳米结构体系或纳米材料的研究既是研究其它低维材料的基础,又与纳米电子器件及微型传感器密切相关,是近年来国内外研究的前沿[6 ̄9]。近年来,人们虽然做了许多尝试来制备一维纳米结构材料,但合成这类材料特别是合成半导体一维纳米材料仍然是一个巨大的挑战。随着维数的减小,半导体材料的电子能态发生变化,其光、电、声、磁等方面性能与常规体材料相比有着显著的不同[10 ̄12]。Bi2S3是一种重要的半导体材料,受… 相似文献
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一维纳米材料因其特殊结构引起的新奇的物理和化学性质以及诱人的应用前景而备受关注.已经发展了多种制备一维纳米材料的方法,其中,模板法是一种制备纳米线阵列的常用方法,这种方法已经被成功地用于多种材料纳米线阵列的制备.金属离子辅助的溶液刻蚀方法可以在温和反应条件下大规模制备Si纳米线阵列,是一种重要的制备Si纳米线的手段.本论文用化学刻蚀方法得到的Si纳米线阵列作为模板和Si源,成功地制备出了多种硅化物的纳米线阵列,包括SiC、Mn27Si47和NiSi,对其结构进行了详细的表征,并在性能研究的基础上探索了其可能的应用. 相似文献
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模板法制备枝状Pt纳米线 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:8
一维纳米材料的制备是近年来纳米材料的研究热点. 利用具有纳米尺度的孔洞阵列模板沉积各种材料构筑纳米线的方法具有制备简便和成本较低等优点[1,2]. 常用的模板有多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)、多孔硅和聚合物等, 其中AAO模板具有耐高温, 绝缘性好, 孔洞分布均匀, 孔径、孔深大小可控等特点, 是模板法研究的热点. 通过模板法电化学沉积制备各种金属纳米线已有很多报道[3~8], 本研究小组也曾报道了模板法电化学沉积Au等纳米线的制备及性质[9~12], 但用该方法制备的金属纳米线都为单一的线状结构. 组成当代大规模集成电路的基本器件一般具有3个或3个以上的电极. 单一的线状结构纳米线, 不能满足纳米电子学对纳米材料和纳米器件性能研究的需要. 在纳米器件的特性研究和探索中, 枝状或Y形纳米结的制备有重要的意义, 它是纳米器件从理论到实用化的必备条件. Sui等[13]用模板法成功制备了枝状碳纳米管, 但用AAO模板制备枝状金属纳米线的研究至今还未见报道. 本文通过控制铝片的阳极氧化条件, 先制备出具有分枝状孔洞结构的AAO模板, 再用电化学法沉积金属Pt, 实现了枝状Pt纳米线的可控生长. 这对其它金属枝状纳米线的制备以及进一步掺杂、构筑纳米原型器件等具有显著的实用价值. 相似文献
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纳米线为准一维纳米材料[1],因其具有优异的光学、电学及力学性能而引起人们的极大关注.它的制备方法有许多种,如分子束外延法、光刻法、CVD法、模板法[2]等.其中模板法由于具有实验装置简单,操作容易,形态可控,适用面广等特点而成为纳米材料合成领域的一大焦点.常用的模板有:有序空洞阵列氧化铝模板、含有孔洞无序分布的高分子模板、纳米洞孔玻璃模板.其中阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板具有孔径均一、排列有序、孔密度高、热稳定性好且孔径大小可控等优点,成为模板合成法中最常用模板之一[3]. 相似文献
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采用脉冲电沉积结合阳极氧化铝模板技术制备了不同生长方向的闪锌矿型InSb纳米线阵列. 结果表明, 控制电解液中十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的浓度, 可使纳米线的择优生长方向从[400]向[220]方向转变. 利用X射线衍射仪、 场发射扫描电子显微镜、 高分辨透射电子显微镜对所制备纳米线的相组成和微结构进行了表征. 激光拉曼光谱结果表明, 不同生长方向的InSb纳米线阵列的拉曼光谱有明显差异. 与体材料相比, InSb纳米线阵列的红外吸收声子散射峰发生强烈红移, 其吸收带边发生了明显蓝移. 相似文献
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采用阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板电化学沉积方法, 合成了1种新型吡咯-(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)(PE)共聚物纳米线阵列薄膜, 作为锂离子电池电极材料, 其表现出较高的比容量(1426.1 mA·h/g, 充放电电流密度为100 mA/g)和很好的循环稳定性(在充放电循环300圈之后, 比容量仍然保持在1400 mA·h/g以上). 这种多组分共聚物纳米线阵列有可能成为下一代长寿命、 高性能的锂离子电池电极材料而被广泛开发. 相似文献
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AAO/Ti/Si substrate was successfully synthesized by a two-step electrochemical anodization of the aluminum film on the Ti/Si substrate and then used as template to grow nanowire arrays. The ordered MnO2 nanowire arrays with about 40 nm diameters had been directly fabricated on AAO/Ti/Si substrate by direct current (DC) electrodeposition. The microstructure of the nanowire arrays was investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Their electrochemical characterization was performed using cyclic voltammetry in 0.5 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution. The synthesized MnO2 nanowires had amorphous nature until 400 °C. The deal capacitive behavior was obtained when the as-prepared sample was heat-treated at 200 °C. The specific capacitance of the electrode was about 254 F/g. 相似文献
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《Solid State Sciences》2003,5(7):1063-1067
Ordered Al nanowire arrays with the same nanowire density but the diameters decrease radially embedded in one piece of anodic alumina membranes were successfully fabricated by two-step synthesis: electrodeposition of Zn and replacement in AlCl3 solution. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected-area electron diffraction techniques were used to characterize the Al nanowires obtained. SEM and TEM images taken from the different areas of Al nanowire arrays show that we can control the growth of aligned Al nanowires with different diameters in a single process at the same time. The investigation results not only have potential applications in photoelectric devices but also open up a new method for fabricating nano-scale materials. 相似文献
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Aligned Zn1-xMgxO nanowire arrays were successfully prepared on Si(111) substrates via the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method with a mixture of ZnO, Mg, and activated carbon powders as reactants. The microstructures and optical properties of the synthesized Zn1-xMgxO nanowire arrays were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive analysis X-ray (EDAX), and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum analytic apparatus, respectively. While Mg content was achieved or less approximately 0.29 (x, atomic ratio) in ZnO lattice, the crystal lattice of the synthesized samples exhibited wurtzite structure. The Mg atoms were distributed into the ZnO crystal as the interstitial and displaced atoms, and there was no phase separation in preparing Zn1-xMgxO nanowire arrays. However, as the Mg content was up to 0.53 (x) in the fabricated Zn1-xMgxO samples, a clear phase separation phenomena appeared in the Zn1-xMgxO crystal. Compared with the PL spectrum of the pure ZnO nanowire arrays, the analytic results showed that a blue-shift of the near-band edge emission with increasing Mg content was observed in the Zn1-xMgxO arrays. And the relative intensities of green peak at ca 535 nm and UV emission peak at ca 376 nm were all restrained. 相似文献
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Yingke ZhouHulin Li 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2002,165(2):247-253
Highly ordered LiCo0.5Mn0.5O2 nanowire arrays were prepared using porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template from sol-gel solution containing Li(CH3COO), Co(CH3COO)2, and Mn(CH3COO)2. Electron microscope results showed that uniform length and diameter of LiCo0.5Mn0.5O2 nanowires were obtained, and the length and diameter of LiCo0.5Mn0.5O2 nanowires are dependent on the pore diameter and the thickness of the applied AAO template. X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction pattern investigations demonstrate that LiCo0.5Mn0.5O2 nanowires are a layered structure of LiCo0.5Mn0.5O2 crystal. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicates that the most closely resembling stoichiometric layered LiCo0.5Mn0.5O2 material has been obtained. 相似文献
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Large-area ordered Ni nanowire arrays with different diameters have been fabricated by the direct current electrodeposition into the holes of porous anodic alumina membrane. The crystal structure and micrograph of nanowire arrays are characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that the growth orientation of Ni nanowires turns from [110] to [111] direction with increasing diameters of nanowires. The mechanism of the growth was discussed in terms of interface energy minimum principle. The size-dependent orientation of Ni nanowire arrays has the important significance for the design and control of nanostructures. 相似文献
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Ce3+ and/or Tb3+ doped LaPO4 nanofibers and microbelts have been prepared by a combination method of sol-gel process and electrospinning. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), photoluminescence (PL), low voltage cathodoluminescence (CL) and time-resolved emission spectra as well as kinetic decays were used to characterize the resulting samples. SEM and TEM results indicate the as-formed precursor fibers and belts are smooth, and the as-prepared nanofibers and microbelts consist of nanoparticles. The doped rare-earth ions show their characteristic emission under ultraviolet excitation, i.e. Ce3+ 5d-4f and Tb3+5D4-7FJ (J=6-3) transitions, respectively. The energy transfer process from Ce3+ to Tb3+ in LaPO4:Ce3+, Tb3+ nanofibers was further studied by the time-resolved emission spectra. Under low-voltage electron beam excitation, LaPO4:Ce3+, Tb3+ microbelt phosphors have a higher intensity than that of nanofiber phosphors. 相似文献
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制备方法对Co-MOR催化剂CH4选择还原NO性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用离子交换法、浸渍法制备一系列的Co-MOR 催化剂, 并将其用于CH4选择性催化还原 NOx(CH4-SCR)反应. 运用X 射线衍射(XRD)、X 射线荧光光谱(XRF)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-拉曼(UVRaman)光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、NO程序升温脱附(NO-TPD)等手段对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明, 浸渍法制备的催化剂, Co以Co3O4形式存在; 而离子交换法制备的催化剂, Co以离子形式进入丝光沸石(MOR)骨架之中, 在催化剂上形成更多的Co2+和[Co-O-Co]2+, 形成更均匀NO吸附中心和CH4-SCR反应活性中心. 催化剂活性评价表明离子交换法制备的催化剂具有更宽的活性温度区间, Co(0.30)-MOR 催化剂在327-450℃温度范围内NO转化率大于50%. 相似文献
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Transparent BaF2-SiO2 glass ceramics doped with different content of Er3+ were prepared by sol-gel method. The microstructural evolution of the samples was studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), absorption and infrared spectra (IR). BaF2 nano-crystals with 2-15 nm in size, depending on the crystallization temperature, distributed homogeneously among the amorphous silica matrix. The BaF2 lattice parameters decreased with the increasing of Er3+ doping, indicating the incorporation of Er3+ into nano-crystals, which was further confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and absorption spectra analysis. The upconversion emissions of Er3+ emerged under the excitation at 980 nm for glass ceramic heat-treated at 800 °C. 相似文献
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Jun Yang Cuimiao Zhang Lili Wang Zhiyao Hou Shanshan Huang Hongzhou Lian Jun Lin 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2008,181(10):2672-2680
Hexagonal vaterite-type LuBO3:Tb3+ microflower-like phosphors have been successfully prepared by an efficient surfactant- and template-free hydrothermal process directly without further sintering treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra as well as kinetic decays were used to characterize the samples. The as-obtained phosphor samples present flowerlike agglomerates composed of nanoflakes with thickness of 40 nm and high crystallinity in spite of the moderate reaction temperature of 200 °C. The reaction mechanism has been considered as a dissolution/precipitation mechanism; the self-assembly evolution process has been proposed on homocentric layer-by-layer growth style. Under ultraviolet excitation into the 4f8→4f75d transition of Tb3+ at 248 nm (or 288 nm) and low-voltage electron beam excitation, LuBO3:Tb3+ samples show the characteristic green emission of Tb3+ corresponding to 5D4→7F6, 5, 4, 3 transitions with the 5D4→7F5 transition (542 nm) being the most prominent group, which have potential applications in fluorescent lamps and field emission displays. 相似文献