加压毛细管电色谱分离检测升麻中阿魏酸与异阿魏酸

采用反相加压毛细管电色谱技术,建立了阿魏酸与异阿魏酸分离分析方法。采用EP-100-20/45-3-C18色谱柱,流动相为20 mmol/L Na H2PO4(p H 7)-乙腈(80∶20,V/V),泵流速为35μL/min,分离电压-3 k V,检测波长为320 nm。阿魏酸与异阿魏酸在9 min内实现快速分离,峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于3%,检出限分别为11.49和10.98μg/L。方法可用于升麻中两种主要有效成分的检测。     

电堆集富集非水毛细管电泳同时测定水杨酸、肉桂酸、阿魏酸和香草酸

建立了同时分离测定水杨酸、肉桂酸、阿魏酸和香草酸的电堆集富集-非水毛细管电泳(NACE)的新方法。运行缓冲溶液为40mmol/L乙酸钠-2.5mmol/L氢氧化钠甲醇溶液,电压-25kV,在225nm波长下紫外检测。对电压、乙酸钠浓度、氢氧化钠浓度、进样时间、样品溶液等因素对电堆集及分离的影响做了系统的研究。水杨酸、肉桂酸、阿魏酸和香草酸分别在1.4~28mg/L、0.40~8.0mg/L、0.7~18mg/L和0.7~30mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999、r=0.9997、r=0.9994、r=0.9997);回收率分别为95.8~99.6%、96.2~98·2%、95.7~105%和98.9~103%,基于3倍信噪比(S/N=3),4种有机酸的检出限分别为0.069、0.051、0.107和0.089mg/L。     

阿魏酸转化反应速率常数的毛细管电泳测定方法研究

初步确定了阿魏酸自然转化产物的结构 ,并用毛细管电泳测定了转化反应速率常数。在常温下 ,用毛细管区带电泳法直接测定阿魏酸浓度随时间变化的规律 ,并根据HPLC -MS -MS得到的质谱图及紫外光谱图初步确定了转化产物。在23℃ ,阿魏酸转化反应正向和逆向反应速率常数分别为5.194×10 -6s -1、5.360×10 -6s -1。方法简单、灵敏、快速     

毛细管电泳电化学检测法测定胡黄连中香草酸和阿魏酸的含量

采用毛细管电泳电化学检测法测定了胡黄连中香草酸和阿魏酸的含量 ;研究了电极电位、运行缓冲液的浓度和酸度、电泳电压及进样时间等对电泳的影响 ,得到了最优化的测定条件 ;以直径为300μm的碳圆盘电极为检测电极 ,工作电极电位为0.8V(vs.SCE) ,在50mmol/L硼砂(pH8.4)运行缓冲液中 ,上述两组分在8min内完全分离 ;香草酸和阿魏酸线性范围分别为5×10-4～1×10-6 mol/L和1×10-3～1×10-6 mol/L ,检出限分别为4.2×10 -7和3.0×10 -7mol/L ;7次平行进样的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.2 %和2.8 % ,回收率(n=3)分别为99%和103 % ,该法灵敏可靠 ,结果令人满意。     

高效毛细管电泳法测定生药当归中阿魏酸的含量

阿魏酸在溶剂中稳定,这给定量分析带来一定干扰。研究了阿魏酸在６种不同溶剂系统中的稳定性,改进了溶解阿魏酸的溶剂,在此基础上建立了生药当归中阿魏酸的高效毛细管区带电泳分离分析方法。电泳条件：以６０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ硼砂（ｐＨ９．４５）为电泳介质,未涂层弹性融硅毛细管（５０μｍ×３９．５ｃｍ,有效分离长度３４．８ｃｍ）为分离通道,压力进样（６８．９５ｋＰａ·ｓ）,２０ｋＶ恒压电泳（２５℃）,检测波长３１４ｎ     

高效毛细管电泳法测定麦当乳通颗粒剂中阿魏酸

提出了用高效毛细管区带电泳法(CZE)测定中成药麦当乳通颗粒中阿魏酸含量的方法.电泳分离在控温18 ℃的无表面涂层的熔质石英毛细管中进行.以12.5 mmol·L-1硼砂缓冲液(pH 8.20)为运行缓冲溶液,压力进样(6kPa×3 s),检测波长为200 nm.在1～52 mg·L-1质量浓度范围内呈线性(r=0.999 9),回收率为98.77%,RSD为1.9%,日内和日间的相对标准偏差分别为1.9%和1.6%.     

高效毛细管电泳法同时分离测定化妆品中7种防腐剂

建立了毛细管电泳(CE)法同时分离测定化妆品中7种防腐剂(对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯、氯苯甘醚、辛酰羟戊酸、脱氢乙酸钠)的方法。考察了添加剂种类及浓度,磷酸盐缓冲液pH值及分离电压对分离的影响。结果表明:在pH 8.0的20 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液中添加10 mmol/L磺丁基-β-环糊精,以及20 kV分离电压下,7种防腐剂可在5 min内实现基线分离。在5～200 mg/L质量浓度范围内,7种防腐剂呈良好线性,且相关系数(r)为0.990 7～0.998 9,检出限为1.23～4.30 mg/L,迁移时间的相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于1.3%,样品回收率为95.4%～103%。该方法准确、简单、高效、实用,可用于实际样品中防腐剂的测定。     

毛细管电泳有效分离测定甜菊糖苷新方法的研究

本文采用100％二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）作为样品的溶剂,以Tris－硼砂作为分离甜菊糖苷的缓冲体系,探讨了进样量、柱温、电压、Tris-硼砂缓冲液浓度以及pH值等条件对甜菊糖苷分离结果的影响。通过优化各种分离条件,实现了毛细管电泳高效分离测定甜菊糖苷。     

毛细管电泳同时测定肌肽、鹅肌肽和高肌肽

肌肽类生物活性肽为含组氨酸的二肽,是一类重要的神经递质,具有调节酶的活性以及螯合重金属等重要生物学功能,对老年性白内障的治疗以及受伤肌肤的康复都有独特作用.测定这类物质的方法主要有高效液相色谱法^[1~3]和离子交换色谱法^[4]等.     

毛细管区带电泳同时分离测定四种多酚类化合物

在由1.0 mmol/Lβ-环糊精、乙二醇(1+9)和10 mmol/L硼砂组成的运行缓冲溶液(pH 9.11)中,采用22 kV的分离电压、25℃的毛细管柱温、200 nm的检测波长和5.0 s的压力(3450 Pa)进样时间,建立了可以在21 min内同时分离测定儿茶素、表儿茶素、原儿茶醛及原儿茶酸的高效毛细管电泳方法。检出限(S/N=3)依次为0.27、0.18、0.52和0.41μg/mL。方法用于普洱茶、丹参注射液和中药儿茶与金荞麦片中这4种组分的测定,相对标准偏差在4%以内,加标回收率在96.1%~105.4%之间。     

毛细管区带电泳对羟基苯甲酸三种异构体的分离研究

考察了邻羟基苯甲酸、间羟基苯甲酸和对羟基苯甲酸在毛细管区带电泳分离时的行为。研究了缓冲液pH、浓度和分离电压对三种羟基苯甲酸异构体分离的影响,结果表明在10 mmol/L Na2HPO4缓冲体系(pH 10.15),运行电压25kV,实验温度25℃的分离条件下,采取压力进样(3.4 kPa×3 s),检测波长210nm;3种异构体在7 min内获得基线分离。邻羟基苯甲酸、间羟基苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸在2~100μg/mL范围内,峰面积与质量浓度具有较好的线性关系,检出限分别是0.96,1.27和1.07μg/mL。     

Protein separation by capillary gel electrophoresis: A review

Capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) has been used for protein separation for more than two decades. Due to the technology advancement, current CGE methods are becoming more and more robust and reliable for protein analysis, and some of the methods have been routinely used for the analysis of protein-based pharmaceuticals and quality controls. In light of this progress, we survey 147 papers related to CGE separations of proteins and present an overview of this technology. We first introduce briefly the early development of CGE. We then review the methodology, in which we specifically describe the matrices, coatings, and detection strategies used in CGE. CGE using microfabricated channels and incorporation of CGE with two-dimensional protein separations are also discussed in this section. We finally present a few representative applications of CGE for separating proteins in real-world samples.     

Separation and determination of homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection

A method of separation and determination of homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) was developed based on capillary zone electrophoresis/amperometric detection with high sensitivity, good resolution and selectivity. In order to achieve complete separation and good response, several factors including pH, buffer concentration, separation voltage, detection potential and the length of separation capillary, were studied in detail. The method has been used to determine both HVA and VMA in human urine. Uric acid (UA) in human urine did not interference with their determination. The limit of detection of the method was 1.3×10⁻⁶ mol/l (1.4 fmol) for HVA and 7.9×10⁻⁷ mol/l (0.87 fmol) for VMA at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.     

高效毛细管电泳同时分离测定栀子苷、芍药苷及丹皮酚的研究

建立了同时分离测定栀子苷、芍药苷和丹皮酚的高效毛细管电泳新方法.以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为表面活性剂形成胶束、甲醇作为有机改性剂、 NaOH溶液为背景电解质,在234 nm 波长下紫外检测.对十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、 NaOH的浓度以及有机改性剂、分离电压等因素对分离的影响做了系统的研究, 确立了栀子苷、芍药苷和丹皮酚的最佳分离条件.栀子苷、芍药苷、丹皮酚分别在20～100 μg/mL,5～80 μg/mL,2～20 μg/mL范围内呈较好的线性关系,回收率分别为99.00%～100.27%,99.49%～101.83%,97.11%～99.06%.方法已用于加味逍遥丸中3种成分的检测.     

A quick method for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid and sorbic acid in fruit juices by capillary zone electrophoresis

A method of quickly determining ascorbic acid and sorbic acid by capillary zone electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection was developed. The choice of background electrolyte, wavelength, injection time and applied voltage were discussed. Ascorbic acid and sorbic acid were well separated in 80 mmol L⁻¹ boric acid-5 mmol L⁻¹borax (pH = 8.0) in 5 min at the detecting wavelength of 270 nm. Under the optimum condition, the method has linear ranges of 2.54-352.00 mg L⁻¹ for ascorbic acid and 1.08-336.39 mg L⁻¹ for sorbic acid with the detection limit of 1.70 mg L⁻¹ for ascorbic acid and 0.54 mg L⁻¹ for sorbic acid, respectively. Other organic acids in fruit juices have no effect on the detection. This method is very feasible and simple and can be used to detect ascorbic acid and sorbic acid in fruit juices.     

Efficient capillary electrophoresis separation and determination of free amino acids in beer samples

Simultaneous detection of various o‐phthalaldehyde (OPA)‐labeled amino acids (AAs) in food samples was reported based on CE separation. Ionic liquid was used for the first time for CE analysis of AAs with in‐capillary derivatization. Several other additives, including SDS, α/β‐CD, and ACN, as well as key parameters for CE separation (buffer pH value, separation voltage), were also investigated. Our results show that the multiple additive strategy exhibits good stable and repeatable character for CE analysis of OPA‐labeled AAs, for either in‐capillary derivatization or CE separation, and allows simultaneous quantification of different OPA‐labeled AAs in a large concentration range of 50 μM to 3.0 mM with LOD down to 10 μM. Seventeen OPA‐labeled AAs, except for two pairs of AAs (His/Gln and Phe/Leu), which were separated with resolutions of 1.1 and 1.2, respectively, were baseline separated and identified within 23 min using the present multiple additive strategy. The method was successfully applied for simultaneous analysis of AAs in seven beer samples and as many as eleven trace‐amount AAs were detected and quantified, indicating the valuable potential application of the present method for food analysis.     

Separation and determination of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid in royal jelly by capillary electrophoresis

Summary The application of capillary electrophoresis (CE) to the separation and determination of the active ingredient, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, in royal jelly with direct on-column UV detection at 214 nm is described. Using a cathodic injection and anodic detection scheme, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) was separated and detected in less than 10 min in a fused silica capillary column with a phosphate buffer at pH 7.3 with an applied voltage of 20 KV followed by direct UV detection. The use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as electroosmotic flow modifier allows the rapid separation of 10-HDA from other constituents in royal jelly by reversing the direction of electroosmotic flow. The influence of organic solvents in the electrolyte on separation selectivity is also discussed.     

毛细管电泳法快速测定五倍子中的没食子酸

建立了毛细管电泳高频电导法测定没食子酸的方法.探讨了缓冲溶液、有机溶剂添加剂、分离电压等因素对分离检测的影响.在电泳介质为10.0mmol/L Tris-5.0 mmol/L H3BO3-15.0?H5OH,分离电压22.0 kV的优化条件下,5.5 min内即可实现没食子酸的分析,线性范围为3.00～100 μg/mL,检出限为1.0 μg/mL.成功地检测了五倍子中的没食子酸.     

Separation of hyaluronic acid by ultrahigh-voltage capillary gel electrophoresis

Hyaluronic acid was separated using 95 kV applied potential in a polyacrylamide gel-filled capillary. The results of this separation were compared to those obtained using a capillary electrophoresis instrument operated at a more conventional potential of 15 kV. For lower-molecular-weight oligomers, the separation efficiency was found to improve by about tenfold, and the resolution by about threefold. However, the improvement in resolution declined as the polymer molecular weight increased.     

Fast separation and determination of carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid in different rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extracts by capillary zone electrophoresis with ultra violet-diode array detection

Summary Carnosol, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid and other not identified phenolic compounds were separated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using a 40-cm long capillary and a 20 mM tetraborate buffer (pH 9.0), within 3 min. A UV-diode array detector was employed to collect spectra of phenolic compounds. The effect of some separation parameters on peak resolution and migration time of phenolic species present in a refined rosemary extract was studied. The repeatability of the method was also investigated: the intraday relative standard deviation on total peak area was less than 4%, while the intraday relative standard deviation on migration time was less than 0.6%. Moreover the CZE method showed good sensitivity (0.0007 μg mL¹ for carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid). Carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid have been quantified in different commercial extracts of rosemary. Finally, the optimized method was also applied to evaluate the recovery of these two compounds when different organic solvents were employed during the extraction procedure.