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Kharlamov A. I. Kirillova N. V. Kaverina S. N. 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》2002,38(4):237-241
Hollow silicon carbide nanostructures with length up to 1 m have been produced for the first time along with threadlike structures. The preparation of SiC nanostructures from silicon and carbon at 1000-1100 °C was carried out without prior gasification of these elements. The growth of SiC nanostructures involves a step featuring atomization of silicon and carbon at such low temperatures. The growth of SiC nanotubes upon the reduction of carbon by SiO2 in the initial period of the preparation proceeds with their predominant formation as bundles. Silicon carbide may correspond to the highly textured -modification. 相似文献
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Tianyong Liu Qian Dang Xunhui Zhou Jin Li Zhen Ge Hang Che Prof. Shaobin Tang Prof. Yi Luo Prof. Jun Jiang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(23):6945-6953
Developing the low-cost and efficient single-atom catalysts (SACs) for nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is of great importance while remains as a great challenge. The catalytic activity, selectivity and durability are all fundamentally related to the elaborate coordination environment of SACs. Using first-principles calculations, we investigated the SACs with single transition metal (TM) atom supported on defective boron carbide nitride nanotubes (BCNTs) as NRR electrocatalysts. Our results suggest that boron-vacancy defects on BCNTs can strongly immobilize TM atoms with large enough binding energy and high thermal/structural stability. Importantly, the synergistic effect of boron nitride (BN) and carbon domains comes up with the modifications of the charge polarization of single-TM-atom active site and the electronic properties of material, which has been proven to be the essential key to promote N2 adsorption, activation, and reduction. Specifically, six SACs (namely V, Mn, Fe, Mo, Ru, and W atoms embedded into defective BCNTs) can be used as promising candidates for NRR electrocatalysts as their NRR activity is higher than the state-of-the art Ru(0001) catalyst. In particular, single Mo atom supported on defective BCNTs with large tube diameter possesses the highest NRR activity while suppressing the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction, with a low limiting potential of −0.62 V via associative distal path. This work suggests new opportunities for driving NH3 production by carbon-based single-atom electrocatalysts under ambient conditions. 相似文献
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This paper describes the use of ion chromatography with conductivity detection to determine chloride in nuclear-grade boron carbide. Samples were fused with sodium carbonate and fused mass was dissolved in hot water. The accuracy of the fusion method was evaluated by means of spike-recovery tests. Anion chromatography in suppressed-conductivity mode was performed with a mixed solution of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 as mobile phase. The detection limit for chloride was 33 mg kg–1 and the recovery of added chloride was 98–104%. The relative standard deviation was 6% for the overall method. 相似文献
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Viricelle J. P. Goursat P. Bahloul-Hourlier D. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2000,63(2):507-515
The oxidation behaviour of a B4C based material was investigated in a dry atmosphere O2(20 vol.%)-CO2(5 vol.%)-He and also in the presence of moisture H2O (2.3 vol%) as boron oxide is very sensitive to water vapour. The mass changes of samples consisting of a chemical vapour
deposit of B4C on silicon nitride substrates were continuously monitored in the range 500–1000°C during isothermal experiments of 20 h.
The stability of boron oxide formed by oxidation of B4C was also studied in dry and wet atmospheres to explain the kinetic curves. In both atmospheres, oxidation is diffusion controlled
at 700 and 800°C and enhanced by water vapour. At 900°C and higher temperatures, boron oxide volatilisation and consumption
by reaction with water vapour modifies the properties of the oxide film and the material is no more protected. At 600°C, B4C oxidation is weak but the process remains diffusion controlled in dry conditions as boron oxide volatilisation is negligible.
However, in the presence of water vapour, B2O3 consumption rate is significant and mass losses corresponding to this consumption and to the combustion of the excess carbon
are observed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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硼元素,作为第三主族中唯一非金属元素,其原子具有特殊的缺电子性质,因而产生了复杂的键合机制。从硼原子之间的双中心-双电子键到平衡体系电子分布的多中心双电子键,硼因此具有多种同素异形体。低维硼纳米结构材料具有不同于体相的独特结构及特殊性质,相关理论和实验研究已成为近年来的研究热点。本文从理论和实验两个方面,系统介绍了零维硼团簇到一维硼纳米管、硼纳米线及二维硼纳米结构的相关研究,主要针对其结构、性质与潜在应用进行综述。目前,仍需系统化探索其制备及稳定等相关问题,力求揭示其固有属性,以发挥硼基纳米结构材料在未来纳米器件和能源催化方面的重要应用。 相似文献
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Mengci He Prof. Hongyan Shi Peng Wang Prof. Xiudong Sun Prof. Bo Gao 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(70):16106-16113
Molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) is a promising noble-metal-free electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), due to its structural and electronic merits, such as high conductivity, metallic band states and wide pH applicability. Here, a simple CVD process was developed for synthesis of a Mo2C on carbon cloth (Mo2C@CC) electrode with carbon cloth as carbon source and MoO3 as the Mo precursor. XRD, Raman, XPS and SEM results of Mo2C@CC with different amounts of MoO3 and growth temperatures suggested a two-step synthetic mechanism, and porous Mo2C nanostructures were obtained on carbon cloth with 50 mg MoO3 at 850 °C (Mo2C-850(50)). With the merits of unique porous nanostructures, a low overpotential of 72 mV at current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 52.8 mV dec−1 was achieved for Mo2C-850(50) in 1.0 m KOH. The dual role of carbon cloth as electrode and carbon source resulted into intimate adhesion of Mo2C on carbon cloth, offering fast electron transfer at the interface. Cyclic voltammetry measurements for 5000 cycles revealed that Mo2C@CC had excellent electrochemical stability. This work provides a novel strategy for synthesizing Mo2C and other efficient carbide electrocatalysts for HER and other applications, such as supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. 相似文献
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The configurations, stability and electronic structures of a new class of boron sheet and related boron nanotubes are predicted within the framework of density functional theory. This boron sheet is sparser than those of recent proposals. Our theoretic results show that the stable boron sheet remains flat and is metallic. There are bands similar to the π‐bands in graphite near the Fermi level. Stable nanotubes with various diameters and chiral vectors can be rolled from the sheet. Within our study, only the thin (8, 0) nanotube with a band gap of 0.44 eV is semiconducting, while all the other thicker boron nanotubes are metallic, independent of their chirality. It indicates the possibility, in the design of nanodevices, to control the electronic transport properties of the boron nanotube through the diameter. 相似文献
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采用等离子发射光谱法同时测定碳化硼颗粒增强铝基复合材料中Al,Si,B,Mg,Cu,Fe等元素的含量。分析了各元素之间以及基体的光谱谱线相互干扰情况,对标准溶液采取与样品大致相同的基体匹配方式,消除了基体干扰,使测定结果更加准确。 相似文献
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Silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNTs) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Methyltrichlorosilane (MTS) was selected as the SiC gaseous source and, ferrocence and thiophene as the catalyst and the cocatalyst, respectively. The influences of pyrolysis temperature, the content of catalyst and the cocatalyst, and the mole ratio between H2 and MTS, on the shape of the pyrolysis products were investigated, respectively. The products were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD and HRTEM, respectively. Novel type of multi-walled SiCNTs, with 30~80 nm and 15~20 nm outer and inner diameters, respectively, were observed. 相似文献
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建立电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP–AES)测定辐照后硼铝复合材料中元素的方法。用氢氧化钠将辐照后的硼铝复合材料溶解过滤,滤纸和滤渣采用碱熔法制样。采用基体匹配法消除基体干扰,仪器工作条件:RF发生器功率为1 150 W,雾化器压力为151.7 kPa,辅助气流量为0.5 L/min,硼元素的分析线为249.678 nm,积分时间为5 s。硼的质量浓度在15~28 mg/L范围内与光谱强度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 7。方法的回收率为99.1%~100.8%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.76%(n=10)。该方法快速,准确度和精密度高,能够满足样品测量需要。 相似文献
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A survey of novel classes of nanotubular materials based on boron is presented. Pure boron nanotubes are a consequence of a general Aufbau principle for boron clusters and solid boron phases, which postulates various novel boron materials besides the well-known bulk phases of boron based on boron icosahedra. Furthermore, several numerical studies suggest the existence of a large family of compound nanotubular materials derived from crystalline AlB2. We compare these novel boron-based nanotubular materials to standard nanotubular systems built from carbon, and point out a number of remarkable structural and electronic properties that make boron-based nanotubular materials an ideal component for composite nanodevices and extended nanotubular networks. 相似文献
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Mengyuan Li Kun Fu Zhixuan Wang Chaochao Cao Jingwen Yang Qinghong Zhai Zheng Zhou Jiawei Ji Prof. Yanming Xue Prof. Chengchun Tang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(72):17567-17573
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of the most promising high-energy-density storage systems. However, serious capacity attenuation and poor cycling stability induced by the shuttle effect of polysulfide intermediates can impede the practical application of Li-S batteries. Herein we report a novel sulfur cathode by intertwining multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and porous boron nitride fibers (BNFs) for the subsequent loading of sulfur. This structural design enables trapping of active sulfur and serves to localize the soluble polysulfide within the cathode region, leading to low active material loss. Compared with CNTs/S, CNTs/BNFs/S cathodes deliver a high initial capacity of 1222 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. Upon increasing the current density to 4 C, the cell retained a capacity of 482 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles with a capacity decay of only 0.044 % per cycle. The design of CNTs/BNFs/S gives new insight on how to optimize cathodes for Li-S batteries. 相似文献