Critical behavior in the layered organic–inorganic hybrid(CH_3NH_3)_2CuCl_4

The critical properties and the nature of the ferromagnetic–paramagnetic phase transition in the 2D organic-inorganic hybrid(CH_3NH_3)_2 CuCl_4 single crystal have been investigated by dc magnetization in the vicinity of the magnetic transition. Different techniques were used to estimate the critical exponents near the ferromagnetic–paramagnetic phase transition such as modified Arrott plots, the Kouvel–Fisher method, and the scaling hypothesis. Values of β = 0.22, γ = 0.82, and δ = 4.4 were obtained. These critical exponents are in line with their corresponding values confirmed through the scaling hypothesis as well as the Widom scaling relation, supporting their reliability. It is concluded that this 2D hybrid compound possesses strong ferromagnetic intra-layer exchange interaction as well as weak interlayer ferromagnetic coupling that causes a crossover from 2D to 3D long-range interaction.     

Theoretical Study of the 4He(γ, p)3H and 4He(γ, n)3He Reactions

Ab initio calculation of the total cross section for the reactions ⁴He(γ, p)³H and ⁴He(γ, n)³He is presented, using state-of-the-art nuclear forces. The Lorentz integral transform (LIT) method is applied, which allows exact treatment of the final state interaction (FSI). The dynamic equations are solved using the effective interaction hyperspherical harmonics method. In this calculation of the cross sections the three-nucleon force is fully taken into account, except in the source term of the LIT equation for the FSI transition matrix element.     

(Y,Gd)Al3(BO3)4:Tb的真空紫外光谱特性

(Y,Gd)Al3(BO3)4属于三角晶系,具有R32的空间群,掺入Ce3 ,Tb3 杂质后,其晶格结构没有变化。(Y,Gd)Al3(BO3)4:Tb随着Gd3 摩尔浓度增大,基质吸收带红移。Gd3 和Tb3 之间存在着很有效的能量传递。Gd3 摩尔浓度在一定范围内(0~0·75mol)增大时,样品在120~300nm光谱范围内的激发强度均是增强的;但是,Gd3 浓度过高造成Gd3 的发射增强,GdAl3(BO3)4:Tb在120~240nm光谱范围内激发强度很明显下降。(Y,Gd)Al3(BO3)4:Ce,Tb在真空紫外激发下,发现Tb3 的发光明显的被Ce3 猝灭。     

Structural analysis of nonlinearities of Ca4ReO(BO3)3 (Re = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Er, Y)

4 ReO(BO₃)₃ (CReOB, Re=La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Er, and Y) have been theoretically predicted. The d₁₁ tensor coefficient of CReOB is predicted to be -11 d₃₆(KDP), which is the largest d_ij tensor that has been found in borate crystals. From the structural characteristic of CReOB, we find the isolated BO₃ ^3- clusters play a dominant role in contributions to the total nonlinearity, and the largest d₁₁ tensor of CReOB-type crystals is also ascribed to these BO₃ ^3- clusters. We also find the NLO property of this family does not change dramatically for different rare-earth elements. The details of the calculation of CGdOB only are presented. Received: 3 March 1998/Accepted: 22 June 1998     

掺Ce3+、Tb3+的M3Y2(BO3)4(M＝Ca,Sr)

采用固相反应的方法;经二次灼烧合成了掺Ce3+、Tb3+的Ca3Y2(BO3)4和Sr3Y2(BO3)4磷光体;分析了合成过程中铈的还原情况.用X-射线衍射分析确定了它们的结构均为正交晶系,空间群P21cn测定了Ce3+和Tb3+在两种基质中的光谱,得到Ce3+波长位移的某些规律,观察到Ce3+对Tb3+的敏化作用.     

YbPO_4基质中Yb~(3 )-Yb~(3 )和Yb~(3 )-Gd~(3 )离子对的合作光学跃迁

研究了YbPO_4基质中Yb~(3 )-Yb~(3 )和Yb~(3 )-Gd~(3 )离子对的三种类型的合作光学跃迁,即合作吸收,合作发光,以及喇曼发光,在这些现象中,跃迁谱线的能量与所予期的单个离子的跃迁能量相当一致在YbPO_4的点群对称D_(2d)的晶体场下,Yb~(3 )离子的两个4f多重项~2F_(7/2)和~2F_(5/2),大约相隔10,000cm~(-1),应是分别劈裂成四个和三个能级。这些晶体场-劈裂能级的能量从YbPO_4单晶的吸收和发射光谱得到。     

(Bi, La)4Ti3O12-Sr(Bi, La)4Ti4O15共生结构铁电材料性能研究

采用固相烧结工艺,制备了不同La掺杂量(x=0.00,0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00,1.25和1.50)的(Bi, La)4Ti3O12-Sr(Bi, La)4Ti4O15 (SrBi8-xLaxTi7O27)共生结构铁电陶瓷样品.用x射线衍射对其进行微结构分析,并测量铁电、介电性能.结果发现,La掺杂未改变Bi4Ti3O12-SrBi4Ti4O15共生结构铁电材料的晶体结构.随掺杂量的增加,样品的矫顽场(Ec)略有增加,剩余极化(2Pr)先增大,后减小.在x＝0.50时,2Pr达到极大值,为25.6 μC*cm-2,与Bi4Ti3O12-SrBi4Ti4O15相比,2Pr增加了近60%,而Ec仅增加约10%.随La掺杂量的增加,样品的居里温度TC逐渐降低,x＝0.50时,TC=556 ℃.在x=1.50时,样品出现弛豫铁电体的典型特征.     

(La,Ce,Tb)(PO4,BO3)的光谱特性研究

本文合成制备了(La,Ce,Tb)(PO4,BO3)(Gp)绿色发光材料,比较了CeMgAl11O19:Tb(GA1)和Gp在室温下的发光、激发光谱的差异,Gp的5D4-7F5跃迁谱线的半宽度及相对强度均小于GA1,而5D4-7F3、5D4-7F3跃迁谱线的相对强度则大于GA1.激发光谱的差异主要是Gp的激发带强度高于GA1,自310nm后明显升高,在313nm处的强度比GA1提高近3倍,在351、369、377nm处的强度也比GA1分别提高近2.3-3.3倍,分析井讨论了Gp和GA1在发光、激发光谱上的差异对材料发光性能的影响.发光光谱的差异引起Gp发光色坐标的x值比GA1大,而y值变小.激发光谱的差异使得Gp在254nm激发下的发光亮度高于GA1,在313、365nm激发下的发光亮度则明显高于GA1.本文还讨论发La、Ce比对Gp发光性能的影响,只有在Ce的含量为0情况下,Gp的发光性能才显著变化.     

Electron spin resonance spectrum of radicals in γ-irradiated trimethyl phosphite: P(OMe)4, HP(OMe)3, P(OMe)2, (MeO)3P-P(OMe)3 + and H2COP(OMe)2

The infra-red spectra of 1 : 1 complexes between benzene and chlorine, bromine, and iodine chloride have been studied, with the complexes isolated in a nitrogen matrix at 20 K. The results are interpreted as evidence for an oblique complex structure, with the halogen molecule interacting mainly with one of the C=C bonds.     

Critical phenomena in the β-(2×4) → α-(2×4) reconstruction transition on the (001) GaAs surface

The critical exponents of the β-(2×4) → α-(2×4) reconstruction phase transition on the (001) GaAs surface are determined experimentally. It is found that the phase transition is analogous to a van der Waals transition. The critical parameters T _c , P _c , and Θ_c have been measured experimentally. The mean field theory is applied, and three-parameter isotherms are obtained that agree with the experimental results at the following values of the parameters: E_st = 0.36 eV, ΔE = 0.18 eV, and E _i = 0.134 eV. Precision measurements of the critical exponents β and δ are carried out. Their values β = 1/8 and δ = 15 indicate that the phase transition is truly two-dimensional.     

Dy~(3+),Sm~(3+)和Ce~(3+)离子在M_3La_2(BO_3)_4(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)中光谱性质的研究

本文报导了Dy~(3+),Sm~(3+)和Ce~(3+)离子在M_3La_2(BO_3)_4(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)基质中的激发与发射光谱;研究了Dy~(3+)离子黄蓝发射的相强度随基质化合物的组成和结构的不同而呈现的变化规律;讨论了Sm~(3+)离子电荷迁移激发带的能量与基质中近邻阳离子的关系并分析了Sm~(3+)和Eu~(3+)离子4f电子构型对电荷迁移带能量的影响。本文还给出了Dy~(3+),Sm~(3+)和Ce~(3+)离子发光的浓度淬灭值。     

Study of the 3He(4He,γ)7Be and 3H(4He,γ)7Li Reactions in an Extended Two-Cluster Model

 The ³He(⁴He, γ)⁷Be and ³H(⁴He, γ)⁷Li reactions are studied in an extended two-cluster model which contains α + h/t and ⁶Li + p/n clusterizations. We show that the inclusion of the ⁶Li + p/n channels can significantly change the zero-energy reaction cross sections, S(0), and other properties of the ⁷Be and ⁷Li nuclei, like the quadrupole moments Q. However, the results agree with the known correlation trend between S(0) and Q. Moreover, we demonstrate that the value of the zero-energy derivatives of the astrophysical S-factors are more uncertain than currently believed. Received June 17, 1999; revised February 22, 2000; accepted for publication April 17, 2000     

Total cross sections of electron scattering by molecules NF3, PF3, N(CH3)3, P(CH3)3, NH(CH3)2, PH(CH3)2, NH2CH3 and PH2CH3 at 30–5000 eV

Total cross sections of electron scattering by eight molecules NF₃, PF₃, N(CH₃)₃, P(CH₃)₃, NH(CH₃)₂, PH(CH₃)₂, NH₂CH₃ and PH₂CH₃, which have some structural similarities, are calculated at the Hartree-Fork level by the modified additivity rule approach [D.H. Shi, J.F. Sun, Z.L. Zhu, H. Ma, Y.F. Liu, Eur. Phys. J. D 45, 253 (2007); D.H. Shi, J.F. Sun, Y.F. Liu, Z.L. Zhu, X.D. Yang, Chin. Opt. Lett. 4, 192 (2006)]. The modified additivity rule approach takes into considerations that the contributions of the geometric shielding effect vary as the energy of incident electrons, the dimension of target molecule, the number of electrons in the molecule and the number of atoms constituting the molecule. The present investigations cover the impact energy range from 30 to 5000 eV. The quantitative total cross sections are compared with those obtained by experiments and other theories. Excellent agreement is observed even at energies of several tens of eV. It shows that the modified additivity rule approach is applicable to carry out the total cross section calculations of electron scattering by these molecules at intermediate and high energies, in particular over the energy range above 80 eV or so. It proves that the microscopic molecular properties, such as the geometrical size of the target and the number of atoms constituting the molecule, are of crucial importance in the TCS calculations. The new results for PH(CH₃)₂ and PH₂CH₃ are also presented at energies from 30 to 5000 eV, although no experimental and theoretical data are available for comparison. In the present calculations, the atoms are still represented by the spherical complex optical potential, which is composed of static, exchange, polarization and absorption terms.     

Na(4D)+Na(3S)Na(4F)+Na(3S)碰撞能量转移截面

利用双光子吸收,将Na(3S)原子激发到4D态,测量了Na(4D)+Na(3S)Na(4F)+Na(3S)碰撞能量转移截面,因为直接由4F→3D的荧光不能探测,所以检测3D→3P级联荧光讯号。结合基态钠原子密度的测量,给出了截面值σ_4D→4F=1.3 x 10~(-14)±28％(cm~2)。     

SU(3)×SU(3) symmetry breaking, (8, 8) Model and theη→3π decay

It is shown that the (8, 8) model and explicitηπ ⁰ mixing successfully explain theη→3π decay width whereas the decay width calculated from the mass difference is about one order less than the experimental value.     

掺杂晶体(NH_4)_(1-x)K_xNO_3、(NH_4)_(1-x)Na_xNO_3振动模的临界行为

掺杂晶体（ＮＨ４）１－ｘＫｘＮＯ３、（ＮＨ４）１－ｘＮａｘＮＯ３振动模的临界行为王焕茹吴国祯（清华大学物理系北京１０００８４）ＴｈｅＣｒｉｔｉｃａｌＢｅｈａｖｉｏｕｒｓｏｆｔｈｅＶｉｂｒａｔｉｏｎａｌＭｏｄｅｓｏｆＤｏｐｅｄ（ＮＨ４）１－ｘＫｘＮＯ...     

Y(BO3,PO4):Ce,Tb,Gd的发光特性研究

用ＢＰＯ４和稀土氧化为原料,通过单片灼烧,首次合成了铈、铽、钆共激活的硼磷钇绿色荧光粉,利用发射光谱和激发光谱研究了基质中Ｃｅ＾３＋、Ｔｂ＾３＋、Ｇｄ＾３＋的发光以及它们之间的相互作用结果表明在铈、铽或钆、铽的双掺杂体系中存在Ｃｅ＾３＋→Ｔｂ＾３＋、Ｇｄ＾３＋→Ｔｂ＾３＋的能量传递,而在铈、钆双掺杂的体系中却观察到了Ｃｅ＾３＋和Ｇｄ＾３＋离子之间的竞争吸收和独自发射。在铈、铽共激活的硼磷民体系中掺     

Eu3+在M3La2(BO3)4(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)中的发光性质

本文报导了M3La2(BO3)4:Eu3+(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)磷光体的制备方法及晶体结构。三种磷光体均属正交晶系。研究了Eu3+离子的光谱特征与基质化合物的关系。发现在三种磷光体中,被Eu3+所取代的La3+离子均只有一种格位,且在此格位上不具备反演操作的对称性;Eu3+在Ca3La2(BO3)4:Eu3+中所处格位的局部对称性最低,属C1,C2和Cs中之一种,在M3La2(BO3)4:Eu3+(M=Sr,Ba)中Eu3+所处格位的局部对称性可能为C2v。     

Three-photon absorption spectroscopy: the L(1Φ3) and m(3II1) states of HCl and DCl

Analysis of (3+1) REMPI room temperature spectra by use of three-photon absorption modelling allowed, for the first time, identification and characterization of Ω = 3, Φ states (L(¹Φ₃)) in HCl and DCl and of the m(³II₁) state in DCl. Simulation analyses and determination of isotope shifts allowed evaluation of vibrational and rotational spectroscopic parameters for both states and both molecules. The mechanism of three-photon absorption in the m(³II₁) ← X(¹Σ⁺) transition is discussed.