顶发射绿光量子点电致发光器件

采用核壳结构的绿光CdSSe/ZnS量子点成功制备了顶发射绿光量子点器件,并详细研究了它的光电特性。与具有相同结构的底发射器件相比,顶发射器件在亮度、效率、色纯度、光谱的电压稳定性上都得到了显著提高。在相同电压7 V下,尽管底发射具有更大的电流密度,但亮度仅为831 cd/m²,而顶发射器件的亮度则可达到1 350 cd/m²,并且顶发射器件的最高亮度可达到7 112 cd/m²。在效率上,顶发射器件的最大电流效率可达6.54 cd/A,远大于底发射器件的1.89 cd/A。在光谱方面,在底发射器件中出现的红蓝部分的杂光在顶发射器件中完全被抑制,而且顶发射光谱的半高宽显著窄化,具有更高的色纯度。当电压从4 V变化到9 V时,顶发射器件光谱始终保持稳定,色坐标移动仅为（-0.005,-0.001）。结果表明,顶发射结构有利于提高量子点器件的亮度、效率、色纯度以及光谱的电压稳定性。     

不同发光染料的顶发射有机电致发光器件的研制

通过设计合理的微腔结构,制备了基于绿光染料C545t、黄光染料Rubrene、红光染料DCJTB的3种顶发射有机电致发光器件。研究了不同发光染料对顶发射器件的光谱的影响。研究表明,微腔结构对光谱具有窄化作用。绿光、黄光器件的发光峰波长并未随视角增大而明显变化,体现出良好的光谱角度性,而红光器件却出现了明显的光谱蓝移现象。绿光器件的最大功率效率为8.7 lm/W,当电流密度为45 m A/cm2时,亮度能达到7 205 cd/m2;黄光器件的电流效率最大值为11.5 cd/A,当电流密度为48 m A/cm2时,亮度可达到3 770 cd/m2;红光器件的电流效率最大能达到3.54 cd/A,当电流密度为50 m A/cm2时,可获得1 358 cd/m2的亮度。采用合适的发光材料以及合适的器件结构,不仅可以提高顶发射器件的色纯度及发光效率,还可以改善器件发光光谱的角度依赖性。     

高效率金属微腔OLEDs性能

以半透明Ag膜为阳极出光面,利用MoO₃作为空穴注入层,在普通玻璃衬底上制备了底发射微腔OLEDs器件,其中微腔由接近全反射厚度为100nm的Al阴极和反射率约为50%左右厚度为22nm的半透明Ag阳极构成,由于采用了有效的空穴和电子注入层MoO₃和LiF,以Alq₃作为发光材料,器件的起亮电压为2.5V,在10V外加电压下正向亮度超过了15000cd/m²,最大电流效率接近6cd/A,大约是制备于ITO玻璃衬底阳极上的常规器件的两倍(3.2cd/A),并研究了光谱窄化以及随观测角度变化的微腔效应。     

稀土有机电致发光器件

我们研制了用有机材料Tb(AcA)3·phen作为发射层的绿色发光二极管,两层结构为玻璃衬底ITO/芳香族二胺类衍生物TPD/Tb(AcA)3·phen/A1。各功能层均用真空热蒸发的方法制备。在正向直流偏压驱动下获得了Tb3+的特征发光,同时还发现一个峰位425um的蓝光发射,它来源于空穴输运层TPD。在室温条件下器件的阈值电压为4V,当驱动电压提高到16V时,器件的最高发光亮度达到200cd/m2,同时在相同条件下制备了结构为玻璃衬底ITO/芳香族二胺类衍生物TPB/Tb(AcA)3·phen/A1的器件,通过对两种器件光谱及电学特性的测量、比较与分析,探讨了有关稀土有机电致发光的发光机理等问题。     

全湿法制备聚合物白光器件

使用全溶液法制备聚合物白光器件,通过引入修饰层并改变各层薄膜厚度来优化器件性能。针对ITO 阴极功函数较高的问题,引入功函数较低的蓝光聚芴衍生物：聚[9,9-二辛基芴-9,9-双（N,N-二甲基胺丙基）芴]（PFN）,有效地降低了阴极的复合功函数。同时PFN也是电子注入材料和发光材料。为降低器件的启动电压,引入Cs₂CO₃作为修饰层,同时也提高了电子传输能力。使用MEH-PPV作为橙红光材料。使用二次溶剂掺杂获得的高导PEDOT：PSS聚合物并通过滴膜的方法制备阳极取代了传统的金属电极真空镀膜法,从而使器件制备简单、快捷。最终得到了湿法制作的聚合物白光器件的光谱范围为400~800 nm,涵盖了整个可见光区域。器件的启亮电压为4 V,亮度为1 500 cd/m²,电流效率为0.55 cd/A。     

交流驱动的绿光透明有机电致发光器件

采用半透明的镁银合金阴极成功制备了直流驱动的绿光透明有机电致发光器件,并在此基础上,提出利用半透明的镁银合金中间连接层连接两个发光子单元的新型器件结构,从而成功实现了交流驱动的绿光透明有机电致发光器件。在铟锡氧化物和镁银合金两侧的出光方向上,器件的光谱完全一致,最大亮度分别达到1 374 cd/m~2和283 cd/m~2,最高效率分别达到26.1 cd/A(8.1 lm/W)和3.5 cd/A(1.7 lm/W),铟锡氧化物一侧的性能较好是由于铟锡氧化物电极和镁银合金中间连接层的透过率不同形成的。在低频交流电驱动下,器件的两个发光子单元交替发出绿光;而在高频交流电驱动下,由于人眼无法分辨交替点亮时的闪烁,两个发光子单元对于人眼而言则是同时且稳定地发出绿光。     

基于铱配合物材料的高效高稳定性有机发光二极管

使用基于重金属Ir的新磷光材料(tpbi)₂Ir(acac)，制备了多层结构有机发光二极管器件: ITO/CuPc (40 nm)/α-NPD (45 nm)/CBP: (tpbi)₂Ir(acac) (3%, 30nm)/BCP(20 nm)/Alq₃ (20 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (100 nm).测试了材料的寿命、光谱吸收性质和器件的I-V-L特性.器件在低电压下电流符合热发射注入模型，高电压下I-V呈线形关系.不同偏压下器件发光光谱稳定，多峰拟合结果表明器件光谱由α-NPD发光峰(450 nm)，(tpbi)₂Ir(acac)主发光峰(518 nm)和肩峰(543 nm)构成.驱动电压为6 V时，器件效率达到最大12.1 lm/W，此时亮度为136 cd/m²，器件亮度最大为13500 cd/m²，此时效率为0.584 lm/W. 关键词： 有机发光二极管 磷光 效率 I-V-L特性')" href="#">I-V-L特性 光谱     

硅片上顶发射的有机电致发光器件

为了更好地实现有机发光器件在硅片上的有源矩阵显示,有必要探讨在硅片上直接制作透明阴极的顶发射有机发光器件。在顶发射发光器件中,为了到达高的发光效率,底部阳极一般采用高反射率的金属。在通常所用的各种金属当中,金属银对可见光具有很高的反射率,然而由于其具有相当低的功函数,导致与有机材料间能级的不匹配,从而引起有机发光器件中阳极空穴注入的不理想而影响器件的性能。我们在硅片上制备顶发射的有机发光器件,用薄层QAD(quinacridone)作为发光层,表面修饰的银作为阳极,制备的有机发光器件的亮度在外加电压10V时达到13700cd／m^2,器件的最大电流效率在7V时达到4．3cd／A,是没有薄层QAD器件的2倍多,是由在器件中存在Alq3与QAD之间Foester能量转移机制引起的。     

采用复合空穴注入层提高有机电致发光器件的性能

制备了以Ag/SAM/m-MTDATA为复合空穴注入层的NPB/Alq₃双层异质结发光器件,研究了器件的性能并与传统的器件进行了对比。考察了银膜厚度的变化对器件性能的影响。研究了光谱窄化以及微腔效应对器件的影响。研究结果表明:在ITO表面制备4-FTP自组装单分子膜修饰的5 nm厚的金属银膜,可以在保持阳极透明性的基础上,增强空穴的注入,改善界面的形貌,进而提高器件性能。制备的ITO/Ag/SAM/m-MTDATA/NPB/Alq₃/LiF/Al器件的启亮电压为4 V,最 大电流效率为6.9 cd/A, 最大亮度为34 680 cd/m²(12 V);优于以ITO为阳极的对比器件(25 300 cd/m² @12 V)。     

低电压有机薄膜晶体管驱动顶发射有机发光二极管的集成像素的研制

研究了有机薄膜晶体管(OTFT)驱动顶发射有机发光二极管(OLED)的集成制备技术。通过减小栅绝缘层的厚度,达到降低OTFT工作电压的目的。OLED采用标准的绿光器件,利用超薄的Al薄膜作为半透明阴极实现顶发射功能。实现了低电压工作的OTFT与顶发射OLED的集成,其中OTFT的阈值电压为2.0 V,饱和场效应迁移率为0.40 cm2·V-1·s-1。基于实验数据,对集成像素的电特性进行了计算分析,在-5~-10 V的栅电压调控下,像素亮度能在50~250 cd/m2的范围内实现线性灰度调控。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.