共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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棘轮行为及其本构模型和工程应用的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
棘轮行为(Ratcheting)是非对称应力循环加载下材料特有的一种非弹性循环变形特征,是结构安全性和寿命评估中必须考虑的一个重要因素,近二十多年来已经引起了国内外研究者的广泛重视.本文详细评述了近几年来循环棘轮行为的实验研究、本构模拟和模型的有限元实现以及工程应用方面的研究现状,并在此基础上对今后的研究方向提出了一定的建议. 相似文献
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304不锈钢室温和高温单轴循环塑性的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对304不锈钢进行了室温和高温单轴应变控制和应力控制下的系统循环试验。揭示和分析了循环应变幅值、平均应变及其历史和温度历史对材料应变循环特性的影响以及应力幅值、平均应力及其历史以及温度对循环棘轮行为的影响。也讨论了应变循环和应力循环间交互作用对材料循环塑性行为的影响。研究表明,无益单轴应变循环特性还是非对称单轴应力循环下的棘轮效应不仅取决于当前温度和加载状态,而且强烈依赖于其加载历史。研究得到了一些有助于304不锈钢室温和高温单轴循环行为本构描述的结果。 相似文献
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本文对316L不锈钢进行了单轴与多轴非比例路径下的应力控制棘轮试验,考察了应力幅值、平均应力和加载历程对棘轮特性的影响。同时进行了应变控制循环试验以研究材料的应力松弛特性。试验结果表明轴向棘轮效应在对称剪切荷载下效果明显,同时棘轮应变随应力幅值和平均应力的增加而增加。研究了Chen-Jiao随动强化模型与Jiang-Sehitoglu随动强化模型采用的单轴与多轴参数对背应力分量增量方向的影响,将Chen-Jiao模型中的多轴系数替换为界面饱和率,并在此基础上引入新的参数对塑性模量系数进行修正,计算结果表明修正后的模型能提升应力控制下多轴棘轮的预测精度,并能很好的预测应力松弛现象,表明了新模型的正确性与有效性。 相似文献
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对调质42CrMo钢的棘轮-疲劳交互作用的实验结果进行了分析,揭示了材料在非对称应力循环下的全寿命棘轮变形特征和低周疲劳损伤演化特性.在统一粘塑性循环本构模型框架下,基于连续损伤力学理论,提出一个耦合损伤的牯塑性本构模型.该模型中将损伤分为宏观弹性损伤和塑性损伤两部分,并采用不同的损伤演化方程来描述这两类损伤.针对材料不同的失效模式,分别采用损伤变量门槛值和最大应变作为失效判据.将模型应用于调质42CrMo钢单轴应力循环下全寿命棘轮行为的描述和低周疲劳寿命预测中,模拟结果和实验结果吻合较好. 相似文献
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棘轮是一种常见的机械机构,它的部件由刚体组成,目的是实现部件的单向运动,图1所示的棘轮机构可以保证齿轮只能沿逆时针方向旋转,它是构成棘轮扳手的主要部件.我国东汉时期已有不同形状和用途的齿轮和齿轮系,其中包括各种棘轮,被使用在天文仪器中. 相似文献
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An experimental study was carried out for the cyclic properties of pure aluminium subjected to uniaxial cyclic straining and stressing. For a material of pure aluminium the effects of the cyclic strain amplitude history and mean strain on the cyclic deformation behavior were investigated, and the influences of stress amplitude, mean stress and their histories on cyclic creep (i. e., ratcheting) were analyzed. It is shown that either uniaxial cyclic property under cyclic straining or ratcheting behavior under asymmetric uniaxial loading depends not only on the current loading, but also on the previous loading history. Some significant results were obtained.Financial support from NFSC is acknowledged. 相似文献
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Guozheng Kang 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》2013,26(3):221-236
The accumulation of inelastic deformation occurring in NiTi shape memory alloy under the stress-controlled cyclic loading condition is named transformation ratcheting, since it is mainly caused by the solid-solid transformation from austenite to martensite phase and vice versa. The transformation ratcheting and its effect on the fatigue life (i.e., transformation-fatigue interaction) are key issues that should be addressed in order to assess the fatigue of NiTi shape memory alloy more accurately. In this paper, the advances in the studies on the transformation ratcheting and ratcheting-fatigue interaction of super-elastic NiTi shape memory alloy in recent years are reviewed: First, experimental observation of the uniaxial transformation ratcheting and ratcheting-fatigue interaction of super-elastic NiTi alloy under the stress-controlled cyclic loading conditions is treated, and the detrimental effect of transformation ratcheting on the fatigue life is addressed; Secondly, two types of cyclic constitutive models (i.e., a macroscopic phenomenological model and a micromechanical one based on crystal plasticity) constructed to describe the transformation ratcheting of super-elastic NiTi alloy are discussed; Furthermore, an energy-based failure model is provided and dealt with by comparing its predicted fatigue lives with experimental ones; Finally, some suggestions about future work are made. 相似文献
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Uniaxial and non-proportionally multiaxial ratcheting of SS304 stainless steel at room temperature: experiments and simulations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The uniaxial and non-proportionally multiaxial ratcheting behaviors of SS304 stainless steel at room temperature were initially researched by experiment and then were theoretically described by a cyclic constitutive model in the framework of unified visco-plasticity. The effects of cyclic stress amplitude, mean stress, and their histories on the ratcheting were experimentally investigated under uniaxial and different multiaxial loading paths. The shapes of non-proportional loading paths were linear, circular, elliptical and rhombic, respectively. In the constitutive model, the rate-dependent behavior of the material was reflected by a viscous term; the cyclic flow and cyclic hardening behaviors of the material under asymmetrical stress-controlled cycling were reflected by the evolution rules of kinematic hardening back stress and isotropic deforming resistance, respectively. The effect of loading history on the ratcheting was also considered by introducing two fading memorization functions for maximum inelastic strain amplitude and isotropic deformation resistance, respectively, into the constitutive model. The effect of multiaxial loading path on the ratcheting was reflected by a non-proportional factor defined in this work. The predicting ability of the developed model was proved to be good by comparing the simulations with corresponding experiments. 相似文献
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内压循环下薄壁圆筒的环向棘轮应变预测 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对单轴和比例加载下的棘轮应变进行预测目前仍有较大困难。本文考虑将移动极限面加入材料双面本构模型中,对原提出的叠加型随动强化律进行了修正,可以对较多循环数的1Crl8Ni9Ti不锈钢薄壁圆管的环向棘轮应变做出预测。 相似文献
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利用自行设计的圆筒斜接管面内弯曲加载装置, 采用电阻应变法, 在多轴疲劳实验机上对循环弯曲载荷作用下的20$^{\#}$钢内压圆筒斜接管结构进行了棘轮效应试验, 发现斜接管结构的锐角区存在棘轮应变, 且主要发生在第一主应变方向即指向焊缝的方向. 对于所研究的实验结构, 最大棘轮应变点出现在对称面锐角区的接管侧. 采用阶梯加载的方法确定了各考察点的棘轮边界. 选取4种典型的随动强化模型, 借助ANSYS软件的二次开发对面内循环弯矩作用下内压斜接管结构的棘轮效应进行数值模拟, 发现Ohno-Wang模型及基于Ohno-Wang模型的改进模型对棘轮应变的预测较为准确. 采用MJS(modifed Jiang-Sehitoglu)模型按等效塑性应变增量控制法得到了与实验结果基本吻合的各考察点的棘轮边界, 并根据最大棘轮应变点的数据确定了结构的棘轮边界, 可用于该结构的塑性安定性评价. 相似文献