运用微元法简化多元积分计算

本文介绍一种重积分求解的思路,即利用微元法将多元函数的重积分运算直接化为一元函数的积分问题.     

一元函数积分因子的一般求法

我们知道,寻求积分因子往往是求解全微分方程的关键.通常,我们凭经验观察也能找到一些积分因子.然而,这种由观察得之绝非易事.一般地说,求解积分因子的难易取决于积分因子所含变量的形式:若积分因子为二元函数,则涉及到解偏微分方程,而解偏微分方程比解原方程本身还要困难;若积分因子只是含x或y的一元函数时,则由下面所推导的公式极易求出.     

对一道积分不等式题的再思考

利用提升维度的方法并结合几何图形直观分析,给出一道一元函数积分均值不等式的新证明,并将原不等式推广至形式较为对称的不等式,使得原不等式成为新不等式的特例.最后证明新不等式与函数单调递减的定义等价.     

三角形区域上二重积分的二个结果

本文利用一元函数的积分变量代换和二重积分交换积分次序的方法,证明了在一个三角形区域上计算二重积分的二个结果,并利用该结果简化了同济大学主编的《高等数学》第七版中运用二重积分换元公式所推导出的几个例子.     

分部积分法在重积分中的应用

重积分是一元函数积分的推广,但与一元函数积分相比,计算重积分的难易除了与被积函数有关外,还与积分区域的特点有关。我们知道,计算重积分的主要方法是化重积分为累次积分。对于y—x(x—y)次序的累次积分∫_a~b dx ∫_(c(x))~(d(x)) f(y)dy (∫_c~d dy ∫_(a(y))~(b(y)) f(x)dx),若函数f(t)的原函数不能用初等函数表示出来,则在文[1]—[6]中求此累次积分的值时,都是使用狄利克莱变换,交换累次积分的次序后进行的。如累次积分∫_0~1 dy ∫_y~(y~(1/2)) sin x/x dx的求值,文[3]中指出,不交换其次序就积不出结果;文[4]中说,如果不交换其次序,积分难以进行。果真如此吗?现在我们来研究不交换其次序的求值方法。首     

重积分、曲面积分直接化为定积分的一种方法

积分元素法的思想是分割求和.在某些情况用被积函数的等值线或等量面等方法来分割积分区域,可以把重积分或曲面积分直接化为定积分     

一类曲面积分的简单计算与推广

第一类曲面积分的积分表达式具有如下特点时:(1)积分曲面是可求曲面面积的曲面;(2)被积函数是单变量函数或可化为单变量函数的函数,利用积分元素法,能将其直接化为定积分计算,这种简单的算法还可以推广到计算具有类似特征的三重积分.     

在柱面坐标下积分限的确定

1引言 三重积分的积分域是立体图形,而立体图形并不象平面图形那样容易画出,因此把三重积分化为柱面坐标下的三次积分也并不容易,本文对这一问题进行了探讨,找出了一个较为一般的方法.     

一类对偶积分方程组正则化为Cauchy奇异积分方程组解法

本文基于Mellin变换法求解复杂更一般形式的对偶积分方程组．通过积分变换，由实数域化成复数域上的方程组，引入未知函数的积分变换，移动积分路径，应用Cauchy积分定理，实现退耦正则化为Cauchy奇异积分方程组，由此给出一般性解，并严格证明了对偶积分方程组退耦正则化为Cauchy奇异积分方程组与原对偶积分方程组等价性，以及对偶积分方程组解的存在性和唯一性．给出的解法和理论解，作为求解复杂对偶积分方程组一种有效解法，可供求解复杂的数学、物理、力学中的混合边值问题应用．     

微分算子方法在积分中的应用

函数的微分运算化积分运算容易,把积分运算化为微分运算这是一大难题.利用微分算子方法可以把某些积分运算化为微分运算,且使形如∫f(x)eαxsinβxdx,∫f(x)eαxcosβxdx的积分运算简便、快捷.     

The Metric Integral of Set-Valued Functions

This paper introduces a new integral of univariate set-valued functions of bounded variation with compact images in \({\mathbb {R}}^d\). The new integral, termed the metric integral, is defined using metric linear combinations of sets and is shown to consist of integrals of all the metric selections of the integrated multifunction. The metric integral is a subset of the Aumann integral, but in contrast to the latter, it is not necessarily convex. For a special class of segment functions equality of the two integrals is shown. Properties of the metric selections and related properties of the metric integral are studied. Several indicative examples are presented.     

一类曲面积分的解法

本文对定义在柱面上的一类函数给出了用定积分求曲面积分的方法 ,并证明了方法的可行性 .     

Bivariate interpolation based on univariate subdivision schemes

The paper presents a bivariate subdivision scheme interpolating data consisting of univariate functions along equidistant parallel lines by repeated refinements. This method can be applied to the construction of a surface passing through a given set of parametric curves. Following the methodology of polysplines and tension surfaces, we define a local interpolator of four consecutive univariate functions, from which we sample a univariate function at the mid-point. This refinement step is the basis to an extension of the 4-point subdivision scheme to our setting. The bivariate subdivision scheme can be reduced to a countable number of univariate, interpolatory, non-stationary subdivision schemes. Properties of the generated interpolant are derived, such as continuity, smoothness and approximation order.     

On a partial integral which can be derived from poisson matrix

Consider a surface which is a common level of some functions. Suppose that this surface is invariant under a Hamiltonian system. The question is if a partial integral can be derived explicitly from the Poisson matrix of these functions. In some cases such an integral is equal to the determinant of the matrix. This paper establishes a necessary and sufficient condition for this to hold true. The partial integral that results is not trivial if the induced Poisson structure is non-degenerate at one point at least. Therefore, the invariant surface must be even-dimensional.     

Reliable computation of eigenvalues of the magnetostatic integral operator

Some variational problems in magnetostatics can be reformulated as eigenvalue problems for vector surface integral operators in appropriate function spaces, e.g., the magnetostatic integral operator is of considerable interest in the theory of permanent magnetization of compact bodies. In the case that the underlying surface is either a sphere, a spheroid, or a triaxial ellipsoid, explicit expressions for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are well known. For the ellipsoid, these quantities are given in terms of Lamé functions and surface ellipsoidal harmonics. Since there is an apparent lack in literature we provide an new effective scheme for the reliable computation of these functions and of the corresponding eigenvalues of the magnetostatic operator.     

Some Shift-Invariant Integral Operators, Univariate Case, Revisited

In recent articles the first author and H. Gonska [e.g., see G. Anastassiou, C. Cottin, and H. Gonska, Global smoothness of approximating functions, Analysis, 11, 43–57 (1991); G. Anastassiou and H. Gonska, On some shift-invariant integral operators, univariate case, Ann. Pol. Math. LXI.3, 225–243 (1995)] studied global smoothness preservation by some univariate and multivariate linear operators over compact domains and ⁿ , n 1. In particular, they studied a very general positive linear integral type operator [e.g., see G. Anastassiou and H. Gonska, On some shift-invariant integral operators, univariate case, Ann. Pol. Math. LXI.3, 225–243 (1995)] over ⁿ that was introduced through a convolution-like integration of another general positive linear operator with a scaling-type function. In this article the authors, among others, extend and generalize [G. Anastassiou and H. Gonska, On some shift-invariant integral operators, univariate case, Ann. Pol. Math. LXI.3, 225–243 (1995)]. Also certain new similar but more general integral operators are introduced and studied. These operators arise in a natural way, and for all these sufficient conditions are given for shift invariance, preservation of higher-order global smoothness and sharpness of the related inequalities, convergence to the unit using the first modulus of continuity, shape preservation, and preservation of continuous probabilistic distribution functions. Several examples of very general specialized operators, old and new, are given that satisfy all the above properties.     

二元整系数多项式因式分解的一种理论和算法

我们发现可以把二元多项式盾成系数为一元多项式的一元多项式来进行分解，据此，本文建立了二元整系数多项式因式分解的一种理论，提出了一个完整的分解二元整系数多项式的算法。这个算法还能很自然地推广成分解多元整系数多项式的算法。     

基于结构元的模糊值函数曲面积分

针对扩张原理在模糊值函数曲面积分中的遍历性问题,结合实际应用背景给出了模糊值函数第一型曲面积分的概念及其结构元表示.通过将二维模糊点和模糊结构元的定义推广到三维空间中,给出了模糊值函数第二型曲面积分的定义及其结构元表示.研究结果不仅丰富了模糊分析学理论,而且为具有不确定性因素的工程实践提供了方法依据.     

On hyperholomorphic functions of the space variable

For quaternionic-differentiable functions of the space variable, we prove the theorem on the integral over a closed surface which is an analog of the Cauchy theorem from complex analysis.     

Wavelets on Regular Surfaces Generated by Stokes Potentials

By means of the limit and jump relations of potential theory with respect to the Stokes equations the framework of a tensorial wavelet approach on a regular (Lyapunov-) surface is established. The setup of a multiresolution analysis is defined by interpreting the kernel functions of the limit and jump integral operators as scaling functions on the regular surfaces. The distance of the parallel surface to the surface under consideration thereby represents the scale level in the scaling function. Tensorial scaling functions and wavelets show space localizing properties. Thus, they can be used to represent vector fields locally on a regular surface. Furthermore, these functions can be used as ansatz functions for the discretization of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind which result from the Stokes boundary-value problems with respect to a regular surface. By this, scaling functions and wavelets enable us to give a multiscale representation of the solution of the Stokes problem. This representation will be demonstrated in a concrete example. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)