Pr0.7(Sr1-xCax)0.3MnO3多晶体系中的小极化子性质

采用基于柠檬酸体系的溶胶-凝胶法制备了Pr0.7(Sr1-xCax)0.3MnO3系列的多晶块材, 同时还用脉冲激光沉积技术(PLD)在SrTiO3(100)衬底上外延生长了同一系列的薄膜, 系统研究了它们的晶格结构和电输运行为. 多晶和薄膜样品都具有正交晶格结构, 电输运行为在居里温度TC以上的高温顺磁相都很好地符合了绝热小极化子模型. 用绝热小极化子模型对两者的电阻率温度曲线进行拟合, 多晶和薄膜样品的拟合结果在定性上是一致的. 随着Ca掺杂量的增加, 极化子跳迁能Ehop变大,ρ0先减小后增大. 实验结果说明, 只要多晶样品制备的质量好, 缺陷、晶界的影响可以大大降低, 多晶样品的电输运行为也能表现出本征的小极化子性质.     

La0.7Ca0.3MnO3超大磁电阻材料正电子湮没研究

对La0.7Ca0.3MnO3材料样品在77K至室温范围的一系列温度, 测量了正电子寿命谱和多普勒展宽谱.结果表明在居里温度附近正电子平均寿命和多普勒线形参数S出现明显变化, 反映了此类化合物晶格结构的不稳定性.本文对此进行了讨论.     

La2/3Ca1/3MnO3薄膜自旋输运特性研究

本文通过射频磁控溅射法制备了La2/3Ca1/3MnO3(LCMO)薄膜.该薄膜在接近峰值电阻温度Tp(Tp=308K)发生铁磁金属相-顺磁绝缘体相相变.磁场的作用下,电阻温度曲线较无磁场时发生右移,而且Tp点也向高温移动,(H=0.5T时,Tp≈314K;H=1.0T时,Tp≈318K);1T磁场所产生最大的磁电阻值为34%.激光作用下,电阻温度曲线向左移动,Tp变为300K,其最大的光致电阻变化相对值为43.5%.能带理论定性分析表明产生这一不同现象主要是由于eg电子的不同状态引起的.     

La0.7-xDyxSr0.3MnO3中的相分离和输运行为

通过测量样品的M-T曲线、 M-H曲线、 ESR曲线、ρ-T曲线和MR-T曲线, 研究了Dy掺杂(0.0≤x≤0.30)对La0.7Sr0.3MnO3磁电性质的影响. 实验结果表明 在TC处所有样品都经历了顺磁到铁磁的转变; 当T＜TC时, 掺杂样品进入自旋团簇玻璃态, 低温时显示出反铁磁性; x=0.20时, 样品在TC以上温区发生相分离; Dy掺杂引起的磁结构变化将导致CMR效应.     

固体中的极化子与双极化子

离子晶体通常具有较高的介电常数,带电粒子在晶体中会引起介电极化,其作用相当于一个可以束缚粒子的势阱.若粒子在势阱中的状态是稳定的,就有可能形成所谓的极化子与双极化子.本文采用一种简化的处理方法,将晶体材料当作各向同性的均匀介质,主要利用经典物理图像和三维量子谐振子模型,分别计算了介质中极化子与双极化子的基态能量,并进行了简要的理论分析.     

多晶La0.7Sr0.3MnO3的低温输运性质和磁电阻效应

详细研究了由纳米晶粒组成的块体多晶La0.7Sr0.3MnO3(LSM)的电阻率和磁电阻效应,以及它们的温度依赖性.随着温度从室温降低,电阻率(ρ)在250K附近存在一最大值,低于该温度后,样品表现为金属导电特性,随后在50K附近存在一极小值.也就是说在低于50K的温度范围内,随着温度降低ρ反而升高,表现为绝缘体性的导电特性.经研究发现,这种随温度降低ρ反而增加的现象与隧穿效应的理论模型(lnρ∝T-1/2)符合得很好.这种现象是由于传导电子在通过邻近LSM晶粒间表面/界面层时的隧道效应所导致的.这种低温下电阻率的极小值现象来源于隧穿效应和LSM晶粒本征的金属导电特性的相互竞争.还详细研究了相应的隧道磁电阻效应的温度依赖性.     

La1.89Ce0.11CuO4/La0.7Ca0.3MnO3异质结的原位制备及输运性质研究

采用脉冲激光沉积方法,在SrTiO3(STO)基片上原位制备了电子型掺杂高温超导体La1.89Ce0.11CuO4(LCCO)与超大磁电阻(CMR)材料La0.7Ca0.3MnO3(LCMO)异质结.使用X射线衍射和透射电镜分析,表明异质结是c轴取向外延生长.LCCO层的超导转变温度TC0是18.5K,LCMO层的金属-绝缘转变温度为195K.我们研究了这种异质结的界面微分电导,得到LCCO的能隙大小是4.2meV.     

Dy的高掺杂对La0.7Sr0.3MnO3体系磁电性质的影响

通过实验研究了La0.7-xDyxSr0.3MnO3(x=0.00,0.30,0.40,0.50,0.60,0.70)体系的M-T曲线,M-H曲线,ρ-T曲线和MR-T曲线. 实验结果表明:随着Dy掺杂的增加,体系从长程铁磁有序向自旋团簇玻璃态、反铁磁及亚铁磁状态转变. x=0.30样品的M-T曲线上在TN附近出现磁化强度尖峰,x=0.40时尖峰消失. 对x=0.50样品,ZFC的M-T曲线随温度增加出现一个谷,随后在TN处出现峰;而FC的M-T曲线在低温下呈现负磁矩. 对x=0.60和0.70样品,不论FC还是ZFC的M-T曲线都类似于x=0.50的ZFC的M-T曲线. 高掺杂时的输运性质在其磁背景下发生异常. 这些奇异现象用Nel的双格子模型并联合M-H回滞曲线给予很好地解释.     

钙钛矿结构La0.7Ca0.3MnO3-δ外延薄膜中氧的扩散

利用脉冲激光淀积方法，我们制备了外延La0．7Ca0．3MnO3-δ薄膜．实验发现，在30Pa氧分压下制备的薄膜晶格中仅有少量氧空位．可以通过高真空条件下的热处理(热处理温度为780℃)减少样品晶格中的氧含量．室温x射线衍射分析表明，在780℃通过高真空热处理的La0．7Ca0．3MnO3-δ外延薄膜结构不发生改变．通过延长高真空热处理时间可以逐渐减少外延薄膜样品晶格中的氧含量，这反映在样品晶格常数有系统变化及样品绝缘体-金属(I-M)转变温度降低．对样品电阻率．温度曲线的拟合表明，样品晶格中的氧含量是均匀的，这与X射线衍射分析的结果是一致的．通过长时间高真空条件下的热处理可以使样品的I-M转变温度低于10K，而短时间氧气氛中的充氧热处理可以使转变温度回复．这说明样品晶格中的氧扩散出和充入是有区别的．在同一外延薄膜样品可以反复通过高真空条件下的高温脱氧热处理和充氧热处理来改变样品中氧含量，这将方便于将薄膜性能与氧含量的关系进行比较、分析和讨论．     

非双交换作用巨磁电阻材料FeCr2-xGaxS4的输运行为

FeCr2S4是不存在双交换作用和Jahn-Teller畸变的巨磁电阻材料,本文用不变价的非磁性的Ca部分地替代Cr,发现体系的居里温度和出现巨磁电阻的峰值都向高温移动.实验上指出Ga替代减弱了Cr离子之间的自旋耦合,体系的铁磁性增强,使极化子载流推向高温区,低于居里温度退局域的裸子运动在磁性半导体中,所以巨磁电阻效应一直保留到远低于居里温度的温区.     

Magneto-transport properties of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/SrTiO3/La0.7Ce0.3MnO3 tunnel junction

Hole-doped rare-earth manganite La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ and the electron-doped manganite La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO₃ both show a metal-insulator transition around 250 K associated with a ferromagnetic transition and colossal magnetoresistance. In an earlier publication we have reported the rectifying characteristic of La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃/SrTiO₃/La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO₃ tunnel junction at room temperature, showing that it is possible to fabricate a diode out of the polaronic insulator regime of doped manganites. Here we report the magneto-transport properties of such a tunnel junction above and below the metal-insulator transition. We show, from the large positive magnetoresistance of the tunnel junction at low temperature, that La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO₃ could be a minority spin carrier ferromagnet. The implication of this observation is discussed.     

Activation energy in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/YBa2Cu3O7-δ / La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 superconducting trilayers

Resistivity vs. temperature measurements on La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃/YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ /La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ (LCMO/YBCO/LCMO) trilayers with different YBCO thickness, were performed in external magnetic field H up to 8 T. By evaluating the activation energy U from the slope of the resistivity Arrhenius plot, a strong depression of U has been observed when decreasing the YBCO layer thickness and the absolute U values appear to be reduced with respect to the values reported in literature in the case of YBCO thin films and YBCO/insulating multilayers. Moreover, a logarithmic U vs. H dependence is shown both in the case of thick and thin YBCO layers indicating the formation of a two dimensional vortex lattice. The experimental data are discussed considering the strong influence of the ferromagnetic LCMO on the superconducting YBCO properties which reduces the effective YBCO thickness more than predicted by the conventional theories.     

Enhanced magnetocaloric effect in Eu-doped La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 compounds

Orthorhombic La_0.7-xEu_xCa_0.3MnO₃ samples (x = 0.04–0.12) with apparent density of ρ = 3.9–4.1 g/cm³ prepared by solid-state reactions have been studied. The analysis of temperature-dependent magnetization for an applied field H = 500 Oe indicated a decrease of the Curie temperature (T_C) from about 225 K for x = 0.04 through 189 K for x = 0.08–146 K for x = 0.12. The magnetocaloric (MC) study upon analyzing M(H, T) data has revealed that the magnetic entropy change around T_C reaches the maximum (|ΔS_max|), which is dependent on both x and H. For an applied field interval of ΔH = 60 kOe, |ΔS_max| values are about 5.88, 4.93, and 4.71 J/kg⋅K for x = 0.04, 0.08, and 0.12, respectively. Though |ΔS_max| decreases with increasing x, relative cooling power (RCP) increases remarkably from 383 J/kg for x = 0.04 to about 428 J/kg for x = 0.08 and 0.12. This is related to the widening of the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition region when x increases. Particularly, if combining two compounds with x = 0.04 and 0.08 (or 0.12) as refrigerant blocks for MC applications, a cooling device can work in a large temperature range of 145–270 K, corresponding to RCP ≈ 640 J/kg for H = 60 kOe. M(H) analyses around T_C have proved x = 0.04 exhibiting the mixture of first- and second-order phase transitions while x = 0.08 and 0.12 exhibit a second-order nature. The obtained results show potential applications of Eu-doped La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ materials for magnetic refrigeration below room temperature.     

ESR study of magnetic structures in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3

Comprehensive measurements of electron spin resonance (ESR) and magnetization of La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ in the ferromagnetic as well as paramagnetic phases were carried out. Quantitative evidences for the inhomogeneous magnetic structure, consisting of ferromagnetic microregions embedded in the antiferromagnetic surrounding near T_c, were found. It is suggested that the microscopic local magnetic structures above and below T_c are qualitatively similar except that the phase below T_c carries long range order between the ferromagnetic microregions whose sizes grow with decreasing temperature.     

用化学镀法制备的铜包覆La0.7Ca0.3MnO3复合体系的巨磁电阻效应

用化学镀法制备了铜包覆的La_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)MnO_3(LCMO)颗粒.这些粉末压片之后在氩气中煅烧,形成铁磁-金属型结构,得到被铜均匀包覆的LCMO复合材料.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了LCMO被铜包覆的形貌.研究了不同烧结温度下样品的电输运性质和在0.3T外加磁场下的磁电阻行为.结果表明LCMO在通过包覆铜进行表面修饰后,样品的绝缘体-金属的转变温度(Tp)往高温移动接近室温,室温附近的磁电阻值也得到显著提高.     

La1．89Ce0．11CuO4／La0．7Ca0．3MnO3异质结的原位制备及输运性质研究

采用脉冲激光沉积方法，在SrTiO3（STO）基片上原位制备了电子型掺杂高温超导体La1．89Ce0．11CuO4（LCCO）与超大磁电阻（CMR）材料La0．7Ca0．3MnO3（LCMO）异质结．使用X射线衍射和透射电镜分析，表明异质结是c轴取向外延生长．LCCO层的超导转变温度了TC0是18．5K，LCMO层的金属一绝缘转变温度为195K．我们研究了这种异质结的界面微分电导，得到LCCO的能隙大小是4．2meV．     

Magnetocaloric effect in nano- and polycrystalline manganite La0.7Ca0.3MnO3

La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ samples were prepared in nano- and polycrystalline forms by the sol–gel and solid state reaction methods, respectively, and structurally characterized by synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The magnetic properties determined by ac susceptibility and dc magnetization measurements are discussed. The magnetocaloric effect in this nanocrystalline manganite is spread over a broader temperature interval than in the polycrystalline case. The relative cooling power of the poly- and nanocrystalline manganites is used to evaluate a possible application for magnetic cooling below room temperature. PACS 75.30.Sg; 75.47.Lx; 77.80.Bh