ON STABLE LINE SEGMENTS IN ALL TRIANGULATIONS OF A PLANAR POINT SET

Abstract. Let S be a set of finite plauar points. A llne segment L(p, q) with p, q E Sis called a stable line segment of S, if there is no Line segment with two endpoints in S intersecting L(p, q). In this paper, some geometric properties of the set of all stable line segments     

Boundedness criteria for singular integrals in weighted grand lebesgue spaces

Boundedness criteria for the Calderón singular integral, Riesz transform and Cauchy singular integral in generalized weighted grand Lebesgue spaces L ^p),θ _w , 1 < p < ∞, are studied. It is shown that an operator K of this type is bounded in L ^p),θ _w if and only if the weight w satisfies the Muckenhoupt A _p condition. Bibliography: 15 titles.     

On the Fréchet space L p −

This paper contains a study of the structure of the Fréchet space L _p ⁻, 1< p ≤∞, defined as the intersection of L _q [0,1] for q<p, and endowed with the projective topology. The main topics covered are: normable, Schwartz and nuclear subspaces of L _p ⁻; construction of uncomplemented copies of ?₂ inside L _p ⁻ for p<2; construction of Montel non-Schwartz subspaces; the space L _p ⁻ is primary. Received: 30 October 1996 / Revised version: 1 February 1998     

Amply regular graphs with Hoffman’s condition

It is known that, if the minimal eigenvalue of a graph is −2, then the graph satisfies Hoffman’s condition: for any generated complete bipartite subgraph K _1,3 (a 3-claw) with parts {p} and {q ₁, q ₂, q ₃}, any vertex distinct from p and adjacent to the vertices q ₁ and q ₂ is adjacent to p but not adjacent to q ₃. We prove the converse statement for amply regular graphs containing a 3-claw and satisfying the condition μ > 1.     

Fast diffusion flow on manifolds of nonpositive curvature

We consider the fast diffusion equation (FDE) u _t = Δu ^m (0 < m < 1) on a nonparabolic Riemannian manifold M. Existence of weak solutions holds. Then we show that the validity of Euclidean–type Sobolev inequalities implies that certain L ^p −L ^q smoothing effects of the type ∥u(t)∥ _q ≤ Ct ^−α ∥u ₀∥^γ _p , the case q = ∞ being included. The converse holds if m is sufficiently close to one. We then consider the case in which the manifold has the addition gap property min σ(−Δ) > 0. In that case solutions vanish in finite time, and we estimate from below and from above the extinction time.      

Dimension Free Estimates for Riesz Transforms Associated to the Harmonic Oscillator on \mathbb{R}^{n}

Let L=?Δ+|ξ|² be the harmonic oscillator on $\mathbb{R}^{n}Let L=−Δ+|ξ|² be the harmonic oscillator on \mathbbRⁿ\mathbb{R}^{n} , with the associated Riesz transforms R_2j−1=(∂/∂ξ_j)L^−1/2,R_2j=ξ_jL^−1/2. We give a shorter proof of a recent result of Harboure, de Rosa, Segovia, Torrea: For 1<p<∞ and a dimension free constant C_p,

||(?k=12n|Rk(f)|2)1/2||Lp(\mathbbRn,dx)\leqslant Cp||f||Lp(\mathbbRn,dx).\bigg\Vert \bigg(\sum_{k=1}^{2n}\vert R_{k}(f)\vert ^{2}\bigg)^{{1}/{2}}\bigg\Vert _{L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n},\mathrm{d}\xi )}\leqslant C_{p}\Vert f\Vert _{L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n},\mathrm{d}\xi )}.      7. Decay estimates for strong solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations in exterior domains      Michael Wiegner 《Annali dell'Universita di Ferrara》2000,46(1):61-79 Based on theL p−Lq-estimates for the Stokes semigroup on exterior domains, proven by Iwashita and refined by Maremonti-Solonnikov and Shibata, the precise time-asymptotic behaviour of solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations is derived. The estimates are improved, if some additional information on the initial value is available. The results apply also to weak solutions in three and four dimensions. Sunto In questo lavoro forniamo l’andamento asintotico nel tempo preciso di soluzioni delle equazioni di Navier-Stokes in un dominio esterno, basandoci sulle stimeL p−L q per il semigruppo di Stokes fornite, per primo, da Iwashita e quindi rifinite da Maremonti-Solonnikov e Shibata. Tali stime, se sono note ulteriori informazioni sui dati iniziali, sono migliorate. Il risultato si applica anche a soluzioni deboli in dimensione tre e quattro.       8. Necessary and sufficient conditions for boundedness of commutators of strongly singular integral operators with weighted Lipschitz functions      Xiaosha Zhou  Lanzhe Liu 《印度理论与应用数学杂志》2011,42(6):405-416 In this paper, we prove the commutator T b generated by the strongly singular integral operator T and the function b is bounded from L p (w) to L q (w 1−q ) if and only if b ∈ Lip β (w), where w ∈ A 1, 0 < β < 1, 1 < p < n/β and 1/q = 1/p − β/n. To do this, we first show a maximal function estimate for the commutator.      9. Characterisations of A p+2 and L 2(2 q )      Mong-Lung Lang 《Archiv der Mathematik》1997,68(5):367-370 Let G be a transitive group of degree p+2 with p|G| where p ≧ 5 is a prime number, then (i) G is isomorphic to S p+2 or A p+2, if G has an element of order 4, (ii) G is isomorphic to L 2(2 q ) or P Γ L 2 (2 q ), if 2 q − 1=p is a Mersenne prime and G has no element of order 4.      10. Space-like Isoparametric Hypersurfaces in Lorentzian Space Forms      Zhen-qi Li  Xian-hua Xie 《Frontiers of Mathematics in China》2006,1(1):130-137 The purpose of this paper is to make clear the so-called Nomizu problem, whether it is possible to find examples of space-like isoparametric hypersurfaces in H 1 n+1 with more than two distinct principal curvatures. It is proved that a space-like isoparametric hypersurface in H 1 n+1 or S 1 n+1 can have at most two distinct principal curvatures. The authors present the classification and explicit analytic expressions of such type of isoparametric hypersurfaces. This paper was translated from J. Nanchang Univ. Nat. Sci. Ed., 2004, 28(2): 113–117      11. Image of the Spectral Measure of a Jacobi Field and the Corresponding Operators      Yurij M. Berezansky  Eugene W. Lytvynov  Artem D. Pulemyotov 《Integral Equations and Operator Theory》2005,53(2):191-208 By definition, a Jacobi field is a family of commuting selfadjoint three-diagonal operators in the Fock space The operators J(ϕ) are indexed by the vectors of a real Hilbert space H+. The spectral measure ρ of the field J is defined on the space H− of functionals over H+. The image of the measure ρ under a mapping is a probability measure ρK on T−. We obtain a family JK of operators whose spectral measure is equal to ρK. We also obtain the chaotic decomposition for the space L2(T−, dρ K).      12. Compactness properties of certain integral operators related to fractional integration      Eduard Belinsky  Werner Linde 《Mathematische Zeitschrift》2006,252(3):669-686 Suppose 1≤p,q≤∞ and α > (1/p−1/q)+. Then we investigate compactness properties of the integral operator when regarded as operator from Lp[0,1] into Lq[0,1]. We prove that its Kolmogorov numbers tend to zero faster than exp(−cαn1/2). This extends former results of Laptev in the case p=q=2 and of the authors for p=2 and q=∞. As application we investigate compactness properties of related integral operators as, for example, of the difference between the fractional integration operators of Riemann–Liouville and Weyl type. It is shown that both types of fractional integration operators possess the same degree of compactness. In some cases this allows to determine the strong asymptotic behavior of the Kolmogorov numbers of Riemann–Liouville operators. In memoria of Eduard (University of the West Indies) who passed away in October 2004.      13. Besov spaces andK-functionals inL p, 0<p<1*      Li Song  Wu Zhengchang  Ma Bolin 《应用数学学报(英文版)》2000,16(3):258-265 We investigate Besov spaces and their connection with trigonometric polynomial approximation inL p[−π,π], algebraic polynomial approximation inL p[−1,1], algebraic polynomial approximation inL p(S), and entire function of exponential type approximation inL p(R), and characterizeK-functionals for certain pairs of function spaces including (L p[−π,π],B s a(L p[−π,π])), (L p(R),s a(Lp(R))), , and , where 0<s≤∞, 0<p<1,S is a simple polytope and 0<α<r. This project is supported by the National Science Foundation of China.      14. Extension theorems for paraboloids in the finite field setting      Alex Iosevich  Doowon Koh 《Mathematische Zeitschrift》2010,266(2):471-487 In this paper we study the L p ? L r boundedness of the extension operators associated with paraboloids in ${{\mathbb F}_{q}^{d}}In this paper we study the L p − L r boundedness of the extension operators associated with paraboloids in \mathbb Fqd{{\mathbb F}_{q}^{d}} , where \mathbbFq{\mathbb{F}_{q}} is a finite field of q elements. In even dimensions d ≥ 4, we estimate the number of additive quadruples in the subset E of the paraboloids, that is the number of quadruples (x,y,z,w) ? E4{(x,y,z,w) \in E^4} with x + y = z+w. As a result, in higher even dimensions, we obtain the sharp range of exponents p for which the extension operator is bounded, independently of q, from L p to L 4 in the case when −1 is a square number in \mathbbFq{\mathbb{F}_{q}} . Using the sharp L p −L 4 result, we improve upon the range of exponents r, for which the L 2 − L r estimate holds, obtained by Mockenhaupt and Tao (Duke Math 121:35–74, 2004) in even dimensions d ≥ 4. In addition, assuming that −1 is not a square number in \mathbbFq{\mathbb{F}_{q}}, we extend their work done in three dimension to specific odd dimensions d ≥ 7. The discrete Fourier analytic machinery and Gauss sum estimates make an important role in the proof.      15. Jackson and Bernstein theorems for the weight exp(−|x|) on ℝ      D. S. Lubinsky 《Israel Journal of Mathematics》2006,153(1):193-219 In 1978, Freud, Giroux and Rahman established a weightedL 1 Jackson theorem for the weight exp(−|x|) on the real line, using methods that work only inL 1. This weight is somewhat exceptional, for it sits on the boundary between weights like exp(-|x|α), α≥1, where weighted polynomials are dense, and the case α<1, where weighted polynomials are not dense. We obtain the firstL p Jackson theorem for exp(−|x|), valid in allL p , 0<p≤∞, as well as for higher order moduli of continuity. We also establish a converse Bernstein type theorem, characterizing rates of approximation in terms of smoothness of the approximated function. Research supported by NSF grant DMS 0400446.      16. Tightening Turyn’s bound for Hadamard difference sets      Omar A. AbuGhneim  Ken W. Smith 《Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics》2008,27(2):187-203 This work examines the existence of (4q 2,2q 2−q,q 2−q) difference sets, for q=p f , where p is a prime and f is a positive integer. Suppose that G is a group of order 4q 2 which has a normal subgroup K of order q such that G/K ≅ C q ×C 2×C 2, where C q ,C 2 are the cyclic groups of order q and 2 respectively. Under the assumption that p is greater than or equal to 5, this work shows that G does not admit (4q 2,2q 2−q,q 2−q) difference sets.      17. Sur la singularité des produits de Riesz et des mesures spectrales associées à la somme des chiffres      M. Queffelec 《Israel Journal of Mathematics》1979,34(4):337-342 Using a property of generalized characters, we first prove that two Riesz products with constant coefficients and distinct Fourier spectra are mutually singular. IfS r (n) denotes the sum of digits in ther-adic representation of the integern, the same technique allows us to establish the mutual singularity of the spectral measures of the sequences: α(n)=exp[2iπaS p (n)],β(n)=exp[2iπbS q (n)], for every pair of integersp≠q, a, b being real numbers such thata(p−1)∉ {tiZ} andb(q−1)∉Z. This result has been proved by T. Kamae whenp andq are two relatively prime integers.       18. On a Hardy Type General Weighted Inequality in Spaces L p(·)      Farman I. Mamedov  Aziz Harman 《Integral Equations and Operator Theory》2010,66(4):565-592 A Hardy type two-weighted inequality is investigated for the multidimensional Hardy operator in the norms of generalized Lebesgue spaces L p(·). Equivalent necessary and sufficient conditions are found for the ${L^{p(\cdot)} \longrightarrow L^{q(\cdot)}}A Hardy type two-weighted inequality is investigated for the multidimensional Hardy operator in the norms of generalized Lebesgue spaces L p(·). Equivalent necessary and sufficient conditions are found for the Lp(·) ? Lq(·){L^{p(\cdot)} \longrightarrow L^{q(\cdot)}} boundedness of the Hardy operator when exponents q(0) < p(0), q(∞) < p(∞). It is proved that the condition for such an inequality to hold coincides with the condition for the validity of two-weighted Hardy inequalities with constant exponents if we require of the exponents to be regular near zero and at infinity.      19. On projectively normal embeddings of generalk-gonal curves      E. Ballico 《Annali dell'Universita di Ferrara》1999,45(1):123-125 Fix integersg, k andt witht>0,k≥3 andtk<g/2−1. LetX be a generalk-gonal curve of genusg andR∈Pic k (X) the uniqueg k 1 onX. SetL:=K X⊗(R *)⊗t.L is very ample. Leth L:X→P(H 0(X, L)*) be the associated embedding. Here we prove thath L(X) is projectively normal. Ifk≥4 andtk<g/2−2 the curveh L(X) is scheme-theoretically cut out by quadrics. The author was partially supported by MURST and GNSAGA of CNR (Italy).      20. The Ornstein-Uhlenbeck semigroup in exterior domains      M. Geissert  H. Heck  M. Hieber  I. Wood 《Archiv der Mathematik》2005,85(6):554-562 Let Ω be an exterior domain in It is shown that Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operators L generate C0-semigroups on Lp(Ω) for p ∈ (1, ∞) provided ∂Ω is smooth. The method presented also allows to determine the domain D(L) of L and to prove Lp − Lq smoothing properties of etL. If ∂Ω is only Lipschitz, results of this type are shown to be true for p close to 2. Received: 16 December 2004; revised: 4 February 2005

Decay estimates for strong solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations in exterior domains

Based on theL _p−L_q-estimates for the Stokes semigroup on exterior domains, proven by Iwashita and refined by Maremonti-Solonnikov and Shibata, the precise time-asymptotic behaviour of solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations is derived. The estimates are improved, if some additional information on the initial value is available. The results apply also to weak solutions in three and four dimensions.

---

Sunto In questo lavoro forniamo l’andamento asintotico nel tempo preciso di soluzioni delle equazioni di Navier-Stokes in un dominio esterno, basandoci sulle stimeL _p−L _q per il semigruppo di Stokes fornite, per primo, da Iwashita e quindi rifinite da Maremonti-Solonnikov e Shibata. Tali stime, se sono note ulteriori informazioni sui dati iniziali, sono migliorate. Il risultato si applica anche a soluzioni deboli in dimensione tre e quattro.

     

Necessary and sufficient conditions for boundedness of commutators of strongly singular integral operators with weighted Lipschitz functions

In this paper, we prove the commutator T _b generated by the strongly singular integral operator T and the function b is bounded from L ^p (w) to L ^q (w ^1−q ) if and only if b ∈ Lip _β (w), where w ∈ A ₁, 0 < β < 1, 1 < p < n/β and 1/q = 1/p − β/n. To do this, we first show a maximal function estimate for the commutator.     

Characterisations of A p+2 and L 2(2 q )

Let G be a transitive group of degree p+2 with p|G| where p ≧ 5 is a prime number, then (i) G is isomorphic to S _p+2 or A _p+2, if G has an element of order 4, (ii) G is isomorphic to L ₂(2 ^q ) or P Γ L ₂ (2 ^q ), if 2 ^q − 1=p is a Mersenne prime and G has no element of order 4.     

Space-like Isoparametric Hypersurfaces in Lorentzian Space Forms

The purpose of this paper is to make clear the so-called Nomizu problem, whether it is possible to find examples of space-like isoparametric hypersurfaces in H ₁ ⁿ⁺¹ with more than two distinct principal curvatures. It is proved that a space-like isoparametric hypersurface in H ₁ ⁿ⁺¹ or S ₁ ⁿ⁺¹ can have at most two distinct principal curvatures. The authors present the classification and explicit analytic expressions of such type of isoparametric hypersurfaces. This paper was translated from J. Nanchang Univ. Nat. Sci. Ed., 2004, 28(2): 113–117     

Image of the Spectral Measure of a Jacobi Field and the Corresponding Operators

By definition, a Jacobi field is a family of commuting selfadjoint three-diagonal operators in the Fock space The operators J(ϕ) are indexed by the vectors of a real Hilbert space H₊. The spectral measure ρ of the field J is defined on the space H₋ of functionals over H₊. The image of the measure ρ under a mapping is a probability measure ρ_K on T₋. We obtain a family J_K of operators whose spectral measure is equal to ρ_K. We also obtain the chaotic decomposition for the space L²(T₋, d_{ρ K}).     

Compactness properties of certain integral operators related to fractional integration

Suppose 1≤p,q≤∞ and α > (1/p−1/q)₊. Then we investigate compactness properties of the integral operator when regarded as operator from L_p[0,1] into L_q[0,1]. We prove that its Kolmogorov numbers tend to zero faster than exp(−c_αn^1/2). This extends former results of Laptev in the case p=q=2 and of the authors for p=2 and q=∞. As application we investigate compactness properties of related integral operators as, for example, of the difference between the fractional integration operators of Riemann–Liouville and Weyl type. It is shown that both types of fractional integration operators possess the same degree of compactness. In some cases this allows to determine the strong asymptotic behavior of the Kolmogorov numbers of Riemann–Liouville operators. In memoria of Eduard (University of the West Indies) who passed away in October 2004.     

Besov spaces andK-functionals inL p, 0<p<1*

We investigate Besov spaces and their connection with trigonometric polynomial approximation inL _p[−π,π], algebraic polynomial approximation inL _p[−1,1], algebraic polynomial approximation inL _p(S), and entire function of exponential type approximation inL _p(R), and characterizeK-functionals for certain pairs of function spaces including (L _p[−π,π],B _s ^a(L _p[−π,π])), (L _p(R),_s ^a(L_p(R))), , and , where 0<s≤∞, 0<p<1,S is a simple polytope and 0<α<r. This project is supported by the National Science Foundation of China.     

Extension theorems for paraboloids in the finite field setting

In this paper we study the L ^p ? L ^r boundedness of the extension operators associated with paraboloids in ${{\mathbb F}_{q}^{d}}In this paper we study the L ^p − L ^r boundedness of the extension operators associated with paraboloids in \mathbb F_q^d{{\mathbb F}_{q}^{d}} , where \mathbbF_q{\mathbb{F}_{q}} is a finite field of q elements. In even dimensions d ≥ 4, we estimate the number of additive quadruples in the subset E of the paraboloids, that is the number of quadruples (x,y,z,w) ? E⁴{(x,y,z,w) \in E^4} with x + y = z+w. As a result, in higher even dimensions, we obtain the sharp range of exponents p for which the extension operator is bounded, independently of q, from L ^p to L ⁴ in the case when −1 is a square number in \mathbbF_q{\mathbb{F}_{q}} . Using the sharp L ^p −L ⁴ result, we improve upon the range of exponents r, for which the L ² − L ^r estimate holds, obtained by Mockenhaupt and Tao (Duke Math 121:35–74, 2004) in even dimensions d ≥ 4. In addition, assuming that −1 is not a square number in \mathbbF_q{\mathbb{F}_{q}}, we extend their work done in three dimension to specific odd dimensions d ≥ 7. The discrete Fourier analytic machinery and Gauss sum estimates make an important role in the proof.     

Jackson and Bernstein theorems for the weight exp(−|x|) on ℝ

In 1978, Freud, Giroux and Rahman established a weightedL ₁ Jackson theorem for the weight exp(−|x|) on the real line, using methods that work only inL ₁. This weight is somewhat exceptional, for it sits on the boundary between weights like exp(-|x|^α), α≥1, where weighted polynomials are dense, and the case α<1, where weighted polynomials are not dense. We obtain the firstL _p Jackson theorem for exp(−|x|), valid in allL _p , 0<p≤∞, as well as for higher order moduli of continuity. We also establish a converse Bernstein type theorem, characterizing rates of approximation in terms of smoothness of the approximated function. Research supported by NSF grant DMS 0400446.     

Tightening Turyn’s bound for Hadamard difference sets

This work examines the existence of (4q ²,2q ²−q,q ²−q) difference sets, for q=p ^f , where p is a prime and f is a positive integer. Suppose that G is a group of order 4q ² which has a normal subgroup K of order q such that G/K ≅ C _q ×C ₂×C ₂, where C _q ,C ₂ are the cyclic groups of order q and 2 respectively. Under the assumption that p is greater than or equal to 5, this work shows that G does not admit (4q ²,2q ²−q,q ²−q) difference sets.     

Sur la singularité des produits de Riesz et des mesures spectrales associées à la somme des chiffres

Using a property of generalized characters, we first prove that two Riesz products with constant coefficients and distinct Fourier spectra are mutually singular. IfS _r (n) denotes the sum of digits in ther-adic representation of the integern, the same technique allows us to establish the mutual singularity of the spectral measures of the sequences: α(n)=exp[2iπaS _p (n)],β(n)=exp[2iπbS _q (n)], for every pair of integersp≠q, a, b being real numbers such thata(p−1)∉ {tiZ} andb(q−1)∉Z. This result has been proved by T. Kamae whenp andq are two relatively prime integers.      

On a Hardy Type General Weighted Inequality in Spaces L p(·)

A Hardy type two-weighted inequality is investigated for the multidimensional Hardy operator in the norms of generalized Lebesgue spaces L ^p(·). Equivalent necessary and sufficient conditions are found for the ${L^{p(\cdot)} \longrightarrow L^{q(\cdot)}}A Hardy type two-weighted inequality is investigated for the multidimensional Hardy operator in the norms of generalized Lebesgue spaces L ^p(·). Equivalent necessary and sufficient conditions are found for the L^p(·) ? L^q(·){L^{p(\cdot)} \longrightarrow L^{q(\cdot)}} boundedness of the Hardy operator when exponents q(0) < p(0), q(∞) < p(∞). It is proved that the condition for such an inequality to hold coincides with the condition for the validity of two-weighted Hardy inequalities with constant exponents if we require of the exponents to be regular near zero and at infinity.     

On projectively normal embeddings of generalk-gonal curves

Fix integersg, k andt witht>0,k≥3 andtk<g/2−1. LetX be a generalk-gonal curve of genusg andR∈Pic ^k (X) the uniqueg _k ¹ onX. SetL:=K _X⊗(R ^*)^⊗t.L is very ample. Leth _L:X→P(H ⁰(X, L)^*) be the associated embedding. Here we prove thath _L(X) is projectively normal. Ifk≥4 andtk<g/2−2 the curveh _L(X) is scheme-theoretically cut out by quadrics. The author was partially supported by MURST and GNSAGA of CNR (Italy).     

The Ornstein-Uhlenbeck semigroup in exterior domains

Let Ω be an exterior domain in It is shown that Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operators L generate C₀-semigroups on L^p(Ω) for p ∈ (1, ∞) provided ∂Ω is smooth. The method presented also allows to determine the domain D(L) of L and to prove L^p − L^q smoothing properties of e^tL. If ∂Ω is only Lipschitz, results of this type are shown to be true for p close to 2. Received: 16 December 2004; revised: 4 February 2005