Selection of mandrel wrap mode filters for optical fiber loss measurements

A selection criterion for mode filters based on far-field patterns is developed. The criterion is used to select a mandrel wrap filter for 50 μm core diameter, 125 μm outside diameter fibers with δ=1.1%. When cut-back loss measurements were made using the mandrel wrap chosen in this way, loss scaled with length to within ± 0.05 dB/km in three 2-km fibers.     

微型金柱腔中原位成型制备微孔泡沫

 报道了在μm量级圆柱状金柱腔中原位成型制备微孔泡沫的方法。在直径400 μm、长度700 μm、壁厚20 μm、两端开口的金柱腔中原位成型成功制备出密度为50 mg·cm^-3、蜂窝直径不超过1 μm的多元丙烯酸酯聚合物微孔泡沫。干燥过程中泡沫没有明显收缩,在柱腔中填充紧密,无需后续机械加工。     

三种典型结构光子晶体光纤基本特性的比较和分析

应用多极法比较和分析了相同结构参数下的正六边形、正八边形和正十边形光子晶体光纤的色散系数、色散斜率、非线性系数和限制损耗.正六边形光子晶体光纤更适合用于色散补偿和高非线性的研究,在波长0.8 μm处的非线性系数达到了0.37 m^-1·W^-1;正十边形光子晶体光纤更适合用于色散平坦和低限制损耗的研究,在波长0.8 μm处的限制损耗相对正六边形光子晶体光纤减小了约3000个数量级,在1.4—1.65 μm波长范围内,正十边形光纤的色散系数介于-0.07—0.17 p     

超细低水峰抗弯损光纤的设计及制作

采用全合成预制棒制造法（VAD＋OVD）和改进的G.652.D光纤拉制法制造光纤.研究了工艺中光纤芯径的大小、第一包层的厚度、芯包折射率差、芯包比等参量与光纤弯曲性能的关系,并据此制作了几种超细低水峰抗弯损光纤.该光纤的裸光纤直径约80 μm,涂覆后成品光纤直径约140 μm,当弯曲半径不小于7.5 mm时,能够在1 260～1 625 nm整个波段内满足DWMD的传输要求.     

Characteristics of WDM Couplers Based on 80 μμ m Cladding Fiber

We have fabricated 1310/1550 and 1480/1550nm WDM couplers using a fiber of 80 μm cladding diameter,whose tapering length is shortened by 4～8mm for the identical coupling strength compared to those of 125μm cladding fibers. We also report their splicing loss to conventional single mode fibers.     

Bending-induced optical loss in random-hole optical fibers

We present the experimentally determined optical bend loss for random hole optical fibers in the spectral range 1520 to 1570 nm induced by wrapping the optical fiber around a fixed diameter mandrel. The optical losses are compared to those obtained for a single-mode fiber and a multimode fiber using the same bending procedures. The bending induced optical losses in the random hole optical fibers were several orders of magnitude lower than for the single-mode fiber and were about 1 order of magnitude lower than for the multimode fiber.     

包层空气孔渐变的准光子晶体光纤的色散特性研究

设计了一种准光子晶体光纤,其包层由呈准周期分布的空气孔构成,其中靠近芯区的空气孔的直径是渐变的.采用带有良匹配层(APML)吸收边界的全矢量频域有限差分(FDFD)方法对其色散特性进行了数值分析,计算了孔间距取1.5μm～2.2μm,最小空气孔直径分别取0.4μm～0.6μm,从第一层到第三层直径线性递增量分别为0.1μm和0.2μm的条件下,这种光纤基模的色散曲线.结果表明:通过调节包层中三种不同尺寸的空气孔的大小以及孔间距这四个参数,可以得到不同平坦水平的色散曲线,甚至于超低超平坦的色散曲线.例如,当孔间距取1.7μm,空气孔直径分别取0.5μm、0.7μm、0.9μm,在1.4μm～1.7～m波段内,这种光纤的色散值可以控制在6.0±3.0 ps/km.nm范围内.     

A new procedure for analysis of single-mode-fiber far-field data

A new procedure for analysis of far-field data on single-mode fibers is proposed; it allows one to obtain mode field diameters with reproducibility of ±0.05 μm or better and to reconstruct reliably and unambiguously the refractive-index profile even for dispersion-modified fibers with moderate requirements on dynamic range of the measurements.     

Mode field diameter preserving fiber tapers

An approach for preserving the mode field diameter (MFD) in fiber tapers is demonstrated. The approach utilizes concentric dual-core fibers, which couple light from an inner core to an outer core through a taper. Fibers with a 6 μm MFD feedthrough and a 15 μm polarization maintaining feedthrough are demonstrated experimentally. Simulations of the MFD in the tapered dual-core fibers are also presented.     

方形渐变空气孔微结构光纤的色散特性分析

提出了一种新型的方形分布渐变空气孔微结构光纤。借助时域有限差分法计算了孔间距取 2.0μm和2.5μm,最小孔直径分别取0.4μm、0.6μm、0.7μm、0.8μm和1.0μm,从第一层到第五层直径线性递增量分别为0.1μm/层和0.2μm/层的五层渐变空气孔微结构光纤的基模色散曲线图,结果表明渐变空气孔微结构光纤在控制色散的能力上明显优于空气孔不变的微结构光纤,这种光纤的色散曲线在1400~2000 nm波长范围内保持平坦且具有更低的色散量;当渐变空气孔微结构光纤第三层孔的直径取与孔直径不变微结构光纤的孔直径相同,且第一层到第五层孔直径按每层0.2μm的斜率增长时,其色散曲线最低最平坦,色散值保持在30 ps/(km·nm)左右。     

Brillouin gain spectrum characterization in Ge-doped large-mode-area fibers

The dependence of Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) characteristics, including the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) and the BGS bandwidth, on germanium concentration in large-mode-area Ge-doped passive fibers is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The simulation results show that the BFS is inversely proportional to GeO₂ concentration, and the BGS bandwidth initially increases with the augment of GeO₂ concentration, and then decreases. The BGSs of four fibers with core diameters of 10 μm and 20 μm for different GeO₂ concentrations are compared experimentally. Experimental results demonstrate that with the same core diameter, the variations of BFS and BGS bandwidths with GeO₂ concentration accord with the simulation results. Additionally, the BGS characteristics of three large-mode-area passive fibers with diameters of 10 μm, 25 μm, and 30 μm are measured, which confirm that the increasing of the fiber diameters will cause the BGS bandwidth to broaden. We believe that these results can provide valuable references for modulating the high-power narrow-linewidth fiber lasers and Brillouin fiber amplifiers.     

Geometrical theory of multimode optical fiber-to-fiber connectors

For optical communication to become a reality, it will be necessary to develop both permanent splices and detachable connectors for optical fibers. In this paper, I develop a simple, one-dimensional, geometrical theory with which to calculate losses introduced at a connection by alignment errors or fiber-end separation. I assume the fibers to be illuminated uniformly across the diameter of the core and within the acceptance angle. The calculation is verified with experiment.For typical fibers, the theory shows, not surprisingly, that radial misalignment of the fiber axes is by far the most severe problem. Even fibers with core diameters as large as 100 μm will have to be aligned more precisely than ± 10 μm.     

双芯高双折射光子晶体光纤耦合特性研究

设计了一种双芯高双折射光子晶体光纤,采用多极法（multipole method）和光纤的模式耦合理论研究了光纤的双折射、耦合长度以及色散特性.数值研究发现,对于空气孔节距 Λ=1.2　μm,空气孔直径d=1.0　μm的光纤,在1.55　μm处双折射度为1.24×10^-2;对应x偏振模的耦合长度为21.6　μm,对应y偏振模的耦合长度为24.3　μm. 这种具有高保偏度和极短耦合长度的双芯光子晶体光纤对于微型光子器件的研制具有重 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 双芯 双折射 耦合长度     

回音壁模式光纤激光器的阈值特性研究

研究了一种新型光纤激光器——消逝波激励的回音壁模式光纤激光器的阈值特性.将不同直径的石英光纤分别浸入低折射率的罗丹明6G乙醇和乙二醇混合溶液中,采用沿光纤轴向光抽运消逝波激励染料增益的方式,发现回音壁模式光纤激光辐射的阈值能量和混合溶液的折射率存在不同的依赖关系.随折射率的增加,对小直径光纤,阈值能量随之增加;对大直径光纤,阈值能量单调缓慢递减;对直径适中的光纤,阈值能量先减后增,存在一个和最小阈值能量对应的最佳折射率.用消逝波激励的回音壁模式激光理论,导出了回音壁模式光纤激光的阈值能量公式.理论计算曲线 关键词： 光纤激光器 回音壁模式 激光阈值 消逝波     

双芯复合格点光子晶体光纤的负色散特性

介绍了一种双芯复合格点负色散光子晶体光纤,其包层是由连续电介质纯硅背景上挖出的两种大小不同的空气孔构成,芯区是由掺锗的高折射率的材料构成。为了实现负色散,还移去了包层中的一圈空气孔。采用频域有限差分法对其负色散特性进行分析表明,通过调整空气孔间距和两种空气孔的尺寸,可以得到不同程度的宽带负色散。当内芯半径取0.95μm,孔间距取2.15μm,大空气孔直径取1.9μm,小空气孔直径取1.1μm时,可在1.55μm处实现宽带负色散,其半峰全宽超过了200 nm。这种光纤的包层中空气孔呈六边形分布,空气孔的尺寸均大于1μm,降低了制作的难度。这种光纤可以用于波分复用光纤通信系统中的宽带色散补偿。     

Optical tapping element for multimode fibers

We report on an optical tapping structure for multimode fibers. Its characteristic features are: 1. simple fabrication; 2. good reproducibility; 3. simple technology; 4. high coupling efficiency. The principle of the tap is based on a lateral displacement of waveguides which are butt joined. The displacement defines the fraction of power to be tapped off. With a lateral displacement of 15μm and a fiber with 100 μm outer diameter and 90 μm core diameter (acceptance angle ±30°) we measured a total coupling efficiency of 74% (73% remains in the main trunk line, ? 1% was tapped off) even though this fiber according to its high acceptance angle was not suited for the geometry of our structure. A diagram is given which shows the coupling efficiencies as a function of the lateral displacement of the fibers.     

Fiber fuse effect in hollow optical fibers

We examined nonlinear fiber fuse effect (FFE) in hollow optical fibers (HOFs) that consist of a central air hole surrounded by a high-index ring core and silica cladding. In contrast to conventional solid-core fibers, the HOF with a hole diameter of 4 μm showed high threshold power of 4 W, and resulted in unique tadpole-like voids in periodic arrays after the FFE. As the hole diameter increased to 6 μm, plasma propagation was suppressed within the distance of 1 mm inside of the HOF. Detailed comparisons were made in terms of threshold power, void formation, and penetration length.     

V形高双折射光子晶体光纤特性研究

本文基于全矢量有限元法,设计了一种V形结构高双折射光子晶体光纤,数值分析结果表明:当光纤的包层孔间距Λ为1.0 μm,包层大空气孔D和小空气孔d分别为0.95 μm,0.7 μm时,在波长为1.55 μm处,该光纤的双折射度B达到1.225×10^-2,比传统光纤高约两个数量级. 另外,分别在可见光和近红外波段出现了两个零色散波长,使钛宝石飞秒激光器工作波段(700—980 nm) 处于光纤的反常色散区,为新颖的光子晶体 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 高双折射 有限元法 V形结构     

电子辐照对掺铒单模光纤损耗特性的影响

本文介绍了掺铒(Er³⁺)单模光纤电子辐照特性,测量了辐照前后和退火后的光纤参数。发现在0.80-1.60μm范围内辐照引起的损耗很大,在0.80-1.20μm短波部分辐照损耗遵循L_UV=0.342exp[E/0.166];而1.20-1.60μm长波部分遵循L_IR=2.2·10⁴exp[-6.08E](E的单位为eV)。120℃退火60h可使长波辐照损耗减少,但0.80μm附近的损耗反而增加。最后讨论了辐照损耗的机理 关键词：     

Nineteen-port photonic lantern with multimode delivery fiber

We demonstrate efficient multimode (MM) to single-mode (SM) conversion in a 19-port photonic lantern with a 50 μm core MM delivery fiber. The photonic lantern can be used within the field of astrophotonics for coupling MM starlight to an ensemble of SM fibers in order to perform fiber-Bragg-grating-based spectral filtering. An MM delivery fiber spliced to the photonic lantern offers the advantage that the delivery fiber guides the light from the focal plane of the telescope to the splitter. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to have the splitter mounted directly in the focal plane of the telescope. The coupling loss from a 50 μm core MM fiber to an ensemble of 19 SM fibers and back to a 50 μm core MM fiber is below 1.1 dB.