共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 90 毫秒
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针对尺寸显著小于阻抗管横截面的非标准尺寸样品,提出了一种阻抗管内非标准尺寸样品的正入射吸声系数测量方法,分析了其参数对测量结果的影响,并与标准尺寸样品(与阻抗管横截面相同)比较。首先在其旁布置一种具有特定声阻抗的同厚度的声学材料(PAM),形成与阻抗管横截面相同的表面平整的非连续阻抗试件(IAIS),然后根据GB/T 18696.2—2002测得IAIS表面声阻抗,并基于声电类比法计算得到非标准尺寸样品的表面声阻抗及其正入射吸声系数。结果表明,非标准尺寸样品的面积率越大或声扩散边界长度越小,该方法精度越高;当非标准尺寸样品为多孔材料时,选择非刚性的、声阻抗与之接近的PAM也可提高测量精度;而非标准尺寸样品为共振吸声结构时,选择刚性PAM时,本文方法仍具有一定精度。 相似文献
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利用模态叠加法建立了水介质微穿孔板的数学模型,基于声电类比法得到其等效电路模型。研究了弹性微穿孔板和弹性背腔对垂直入射吸声系数的影响。与空气介质中的微穿孔板不同,水下微穿孔板因结构阻抗不足,难以取得满意的吸声效果,为此提出了增强型微穿孔吸声结构,并在水介质阻抗管内对理论结果予以验证。结果表明,随着增强型弹性微穿孔板弯曲刚度的增大,其在[20,2000]Hz范围内的平均吸声系数得到提高,逐步趋近于刚性微穿孔板的结果,弹性背板使微穿孔吸声结构的吸声峰向低频移动,低频吸声效果得到提高。 相似文献
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使用不同声源利用矢量传声器对毛毡材料进行现场吸声系数测试,研究了不同背景下不同声源的抗噪能力。矢量传声器可以同时测得声压和质点振速信号,进而可计算得到阻抗,利用自由空间和材料表面的阻抗可计算得到材料的吸声系数。在此次实验中,使用不同声源分别在无干扰和有一白噪声干扰源的两种情况下进行测试。结果表明,使用对数扫频脉冲和巴特沃斯脉冲测试所得的吸声系数曲线更平滑,说明脉冲声可以有效降低环境反射的影响,在高噪声背景下使用对数扫频脉冲测试所得的结果基本没有受到背景噪声的影响,说明对数扫频脉冲的抗噪能力更强。因此,使用对数扫频脉冲作为声源进行测试可有效减弱环境反射和背景噪声的影响。 相似文献
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提出了一种利用最小二乘求逆计算的声学覆盖层吸声系数多通道逆滤波测量方法.该方法通过估计电路信道及水声信道的信道响应,利用最小二乘实现多通道逆滤波算法,通过多路逆信号的同步发射在声学覆盖层处实现高分辨率主瓣、低旁瓣和时域窄脉宽的入射波聚焦,从而提高声学覆盖层低频吸声系数的测量精度。仿真验证了该方法在混响抑制和空时聚焦中的效果.在压力水罐中进行了频率为0.8~5 kHz条件下的钢板试样反射系数和透射系数的测量实验,通过与理论计算值对比,验证了该测量方法的有效性。论文提出的方法适用于非自由场环境下声学覆盖层吸声系数的测量,尤其适用于低频条件下吸声系数的测量。 相似文献
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马大猷教授提出的微穿孔板吸声结构在空气噪声降低和隔离方面得到了广泛的应用,但未见水下应用的相关研究和报道。本文将空气中微穿孔板理论应用到水中,得到了水下微穿孔板吸声结构的吸声公式。通过理论分析,得出了微穿孔板结构直接应用于水中无法获得宽频吸收的结论。提出了通过匹配液将微穿孔板间接应用到水下的设想。设计了单层板和双层板吸声结构,并对它们的吸声特性进行了理论分析与仿真。结果表明,本文设计的微穿孔板吸声结构在水中能够获得优于空气中的宽频带吸声效果。实验测量了自制的微穿孔板吸声结构,吸声系数的测量值与理论曲线基本吻合,从而验证了理论分析的正确性。 相似文献
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通过由一个声压换能器和一个质点速度换能器所构成的传感器(p-u声强探头)同时测量材料表面附近的声压和质点振动速度,可直接得到其声学阻抗,进而得到材料的反射因子、吸声系数。本文利用一个p-u探头声强测量系统,在半消声室内测量了三聚氰胺泡沫的吸声系数,分析了声源高度和入射角度、材料样本尺寸和厚度对吸声系数测量的影响,并和阻抗管中测量得到的法向吸声系数进行了对比。最后分析了声阻抗率的幅值和相位误差对吸声系数的影响,推导了它们的误差传递公式。 相似文献
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An alternative pulse-separation method is presented for measuring the sound absorption at normal incidence of an underwater acoustic material in a water-filled impedance tube. A damped sine pulse was generated in the water-filled impedance tube with a regular waveform and a short duration time of approximately 1 ms. During the generation of the pulse, the inverse filter principle was used to compensate for the transducer response. In addition, the effects of the characteristics of the tube termination can be eliminated during the generation of the pulse to obtain a single plane pulse wave in the impedance tube, which is a necessary condition for this technique. Measurements of the sound absorption coefficient of the rubber material and the reflection coefficient from a water/air interface were used to verify the pulse-separation method. 相似文献
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In order to improve the measuring precision of complex transmission coefficients in impedance tube, the influence that comes from the transmission-reflection wave in the transmission tube is analyzed, and the modified formulas of complex reflection and complex transmission coefficients are proposed. With the experiment of organic glass, it can be confirmed that the modified formulas are useful and can decrease the demand of the tube end. Through the measurement of the complex transmission coefficients of multilayer acoustical panel, the complex transmission coefficients of multilayer both forward and backward incidences are definitely the same in theory either normal or oblique incidence. When sound wave is normal incidence, the method is also verified to be correct with experiments in impedance tube. 相似文献
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Noise generation is an environmental problem that affects human beings, animals and even plants. Several serious diseases have their development associated to the exposure of human beings to high levels of noise pressure, such as arterial hypertension, gastrointestinal changes, alterations in blood glucose and high heart rate, among others. Vehicle traffic is part of a group of noise-generating factors. Various mechanisms govern the generation and propagation of vehicle noises, which are produced mainly by motor vibration at speeds below 50 km/h and by the tire-pavement contact at speeds above 50 km/h. The noise generated by tire-pavement contact is the result of two components: aerodynamic noise (mainly related to the coating porosity), and mechanical noise (related to the coating texture). The noise generation according to these two components may be mitigated by using special asphalt mixtures. This work evaluates the sound absorption of four different types of asphalt mixtures (common dense-graded asphalt mixture, dense-graded rubberized asphalt mixture, rubberized porous coat with void volumes varying from 22% to 27%, and rubberized open-graded friction course) and the effect of granulometry and void volume of each mixture on the sound absorption coefficient. Mixture slabs were molded in a slab compactor developed by LCPC (Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées) and specimens were extracted from each one for assessing the sound absorption capacity in the laboratory. The acoustic behavior was evaluated according to standard ISO 10534-2, using impedance tubes. Results showed that sound absorption is strongly influenced by void percentage, interconnected void percentage and layer thickness. 相似文献
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ALEXHay 《声学学报:英文版》1993,(3)
The numerical simulation is used in this work to study the nearfieldradiation pressure of a piston projector,the smooth effect on the pressure fieldby using a“big”receiver and the influence of the nearfield and in the transitionregion on measurement of sound absorption coefficient.The result indicatesthat the big error would appear when using usual absorption coefficientmeasurement method.According to the reason causing the error,the methodeliminating nearfield effect (MENE) is proposed and some digital results aregiven for a/λ=3,9 and b=0,0.5a,a(a and b are the transducer and re-ceiver radii respectively).The calculation results show that the method not onlywidens measurement range in nearfield,but also gives accurate results. 相似文献
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Evaluation of the acoustic and non-acoustic properties of sound absorbing materials using a three-microphone impedance tube 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Olivier Doutres Yacoubou Salissou Noureddine Atalla Raymond Panneton 《Applied Acoustics》2010,71(6):506-509
This paper presents a straightforward application of an indirect method based on a three-microphone impedance tube setup to determine the non-acoustic properties of a sound absorbing porous material. First, a three-microphone impedance tube technique is used to measure some acoustic properties of the material (i.e., sound absorption coefficient, sound transmission loss, effective density and effective bulk modulus) regarded here as an equivalent fluid. Second, an indirect characterization allows one to extract its non-acoustic properties (i.e., static airflow resistivity, tortuosity, viscous and thermal characteristic lengths) from the measured effective properties and the material open porosity. The procedure is applied to four different sound absorbing materials and results of the characterization are compared with existing direct and inverse methods. Predictions of the acoustic behavior using an equivalent fluid model and the found non-acoustic properties are in good agreement with impedance tube measurements. 相似文献