胃癌和胃溃疡患者发中微量元素变化的研究

报道了湛江市胃癌患者发中微量元素的变化信息。胃癌患者与正常人相比，Zn、Zn/Cu、Mg、Ca显著降低（P＜0．05）；胃癌与胃溃疡患者相比，Zn、Zn/Cu、Mg均呈显著降低（P＜0．05）。因此，发中微量元素化学信息的变化，可作为本地区胃癌的辅助诊断和胃癌与胃溃疡的区别辅助诊断的依据之一。     

胃癌与胃溃疡患者发中微量元素变化的研究

报道了湛江市胃癌患者发中微量元素的变化信息。胃癌患者与正常人相比，Ｚｎ，Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ，Ｍｇ，Ｃａ显著降低；胃癌与胃溃疡患者相比，Ｚｎ，Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ，Ｍｇ均呈显著降低。因此，发中微量元素化学信息的变化，可作为本地区胃癌的辅助诊断和胃癌与胃溃疡的区别辅助诊断的依据之一。     

血清六种微量元素与胃癌的相关性

为研究胃癌患者血清微量元素与胃癌的相关性 ,探讨其在胃癌诊断中的应用 ,取甘肃省武威市 2 0例胃癌患者血清作为胃癌组 (C组 ) ,3 0例当地健康志愿者血清作为对照组 (N组 ) ,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪 (ICP -AES)进行了 6种微量元素的测定 ,并将结果用SPSS软件作统计分析。结果表明 ,胃癌组血清微量元素值高于对照组的元素有Cu、Cu/Zn、Fe (P <0 0 1 ) :低于对照组的元素有Zn、Mn (P <0 0 5 )。经Logistic回归分析 ,进入方程的为Zn元素 (P<0 0 5 )。多种微量元素联合诊断胃癌的准确率为 87% ,误诊率为 8%。提示 ,甘肃省武威市胃癌患者血清中Cu、Cu/Zn、Fe的升高以及Zn、Mn的降低与胃癌的发生具有相关性。其中Zn与胃癌的发生关系最为密切 ,且Zn降低可能为胃癌发生的癌前因素。测定血清微量元素值可以作为早期诊断胃癌的一种工具。     

肝癌及癌旁组织中微量元素含量研究

为探讨肝癌患者的癌、癌旁和正常组织中微量元素含量的变化 ,收集了 3 0例肝癌患者的癌、癌旁及正常组织 ,应用等离子体发射光谱仪测定了Se、Zn、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Mo的含量。结果表明 ,肝癌患者的正常、癌旁、癌组织Se、Zn、Mg、Mo的含量和Se/Cu、Zn/Cu、Fe/Cu、Mg/Cu、Mo/Cu的比值逐渐降低 (P <0 0 1～ 0 0 5 ) ,但Cu、Mn的含量则相反逐渐升高 ,Fe的含量和Mn/Cu的比值无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 )。本研究提示 ,微量元素含量的变化与肝癌发生、发展有相关性 ,对癌变过程的研究和临床治疗的指导具有重要意义     

大强度阶段训练期间优秀运动员血浆和头发中必需微量元素的动态变化研究

为了研究大强度阶段训练期间优秀运动员体内必需微量元素铁、锌、铜、锰的动态变化规律 ,并探讨用无创性头发取样代替血样采集对运动员实施微量元素运动营养监控的可行性 ,以1 2名广东省优秀女子手球运动员为研究对象 ,受试者分别于夏训第 1天 ,第 7天和第 40天采取血浆 ,并同时于第 1天和第 40天采集头发 ,用原子吸收分光光度法测定头发和血浆中铁、锌、铜、锰含量。结果显示 :( 1 )夏训结束时 ,血浆Fe、Cu含量和Cu/Zn比值显著性降低 (P <0 0 5～0 0 0 1 ) ,血浆Mn显著性升高 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,血浆Zn无差异。 ( 2 )血浆中各元素含量在整个夏训期间的变化速率不同。其中血浆Fe在夏训第 1周末即呈显著性下降 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,显示出快速变化过程 ;而血浆Cu、血浆Cu/Zn比值的降低以及血浆Mn的升高表现为逐渐累积的缓慢变化过程 ,夏训结束才出现显著性差异 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 0 1 )。 ( 3 )夏训结束时 ,发Fe、发Cu含量呈显著性降低 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 0 1 ) ,但发Cu/Zn比值及发Zn含量无差异。提示 :( 1 )在大强度训练期间 ,可以考虑用发样取代血样进行微量元素铁、锌和铜的营养监控。 ( 2 )在大强度训练开始后 ,要及时对运动员进行微量元素铁和铜的补充。     

益气活血中药复方对冠心病患者治疗前后微量元素的影响

为探讨益气活血复方调整冠心病患者微量元素达到平衡,纠正异常相关因素的作用机制,选择冠心病患者80例及健康人5 7例,分别测定了冠心病患者治疗前后和健康人血清中微量元素含量。结果表明,益气活血复方组和西药组治疗后,均见Se,Cr,Mn ,Mg ,Sr,Cu,K ,Na,Ca等微量元素含量明显升高,Zn含量,w(Zn) /w(Cu) ,Fe含量明显下降,P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1。虽然益气活血复方组和西药组治疗后,元素上升与下降的趋势基本相同,但益气活血复方对元素的影响更明显,尤其是Zn,Co含量,w(Zn) /w(Cu)下降,Cu ,Cr,Mn,Sr含量上升,差异极显著,P <0 0 1。提示益气活血复方能调节体内微量元素的平衡,恢复心肌功能,防治冠心病     

脑血栓形成患者血清微量元素含量分析

为了解脑血栓形成与微量元素的关系 ,测定了 1 4例脑血栓形成患者和 1 4例健康成人的血清Zn、Cu、Mn、Mg、Cr的含量。结果显示 ,与健康成人相比 ,脑血栓形成患者的Zn、Cr含量下降 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1 ) ,ρ(Zn) /ρ(Cu)比值下降 (P <0 0 0 1 )。提示脑血栓形成时血清微量元素水平有一定的改变。采取措施对体内微量元素进行调控 ,应不失为一种防治脑血栓形成的方法     

苏州市儿童血清中微量元素含量分析

为了解苏州市儿童血清中微量元素的含量,用OlympusAu 40 0 (日本)全自动生化分析仪检测了苏州大学附属儿童医院儿保门诊3 5 0例体检儿童血清中的微量元素含量。结果表明,本地区儿童血清中Ca、P、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn含量依次为:(2 .3 4±0 . 1 4)mmol/L、(1 .5 8±0 . 2 3 )mmol/L、(0 .89±0 . 1 1 )mmol/L、(2 4. 62±5 .0 5 ) μmol/L、(1 5 . 0 2±5. 63 ) μmol/L、(2 0 . 86±5 . 74) μmol/L。男、女儿童间Ca、P、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn含量差异无显著性(P值均>0 . 1 0 ) ;在不同年龄组间,Mg、Zn含量差异无显著性(P值均>0 . 1 0 ) ,Ca、P、Cu、Fe含量差异显著(P值均<0 .0 1 ) ;Fe含量随年龄的增长而逐步增加,Ca含量随年龄的增长而逐步降低。     

甲状腺功能亢进症患者血清铜、锌、铁、钙、镁的研究

为研究甲状腺功能亢进症患者血清中 5种微量元素的变化及其与甲状腺功能激素间的关系 ,用分光光度分析和放射免疫分析分别检测了 1 2 2例甲状腺疾病患者血清中微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg含量和血清中甲状腺激素 (T3、T4 )水平。结果表明 ,甲状腺功能亢进症患者血清中Cu、Ca元素水平明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1 ) ,Zn元素水平明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,Fe、Mg元素两组比较无统计学意义 ;血清Cu与T3、T4 浓度呈现一定程度的正相关 ,提示微量元素在甲状腺激素的合成、代谢和生物作用中可能有重要意义 ,甲状腺功能亢进症患者过多释放甲状腺素导致血清中元素的异常变化 ,此变化既能反映病人机体代谢紊乱程度 ,同时也可作为病情控制的参考指标。     

排球运动员大强度训练期间血清七种微量元素变化的分析

为研究一个月大强度训练期间排球运动员血清微量元素含量的变化 ,分别收集了 2 0名排球运动员不同训练时段的血清样本 ,应用等离子体发射光谱法测定了Se、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg、Mn的含量。结果表明 ,训练期间运动员血清Zn、Fe、Mg含量明显下降 (P <0 0 1～ 0 0 5 ) ;而Cu、Se、Ca、Mn含量均无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。提示大强度训练期间 ,要保证运动员有充足的营养饮食和及时适量补充丢失的微量元素     

Role of Daucus carota in Enhancing Antiulcer Profile of Pantoprazole in Experimental Animals

The carrot plant (Daucus carota) and its components are traditionally reported for the management of gastric ulcers. This study was performed to evaluate the role of carrot when administered concurrently with a conventional antiulcer treatment, pantoprazole, in alleviating gastric and duodenal ulcers in female experimental animals. The study involved standard animal models to determine the ulcer preventive effect using pylorus ligation, ethanol, and stress induced acute gastric ulcer models and duodenal ulcer models involving cysteamine. Acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer models were used to evaluate the ulcer healing effect. Carrot fruit (500 mg/kg) and its co-administration with pantoprazole produced significant protection in an ethanol- and stress-induced acute gastric ulcer and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer. The healing of the acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer was also augmented with this combination. Both total proteins and mucin contents were significantly increased in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. Similarly, in pylorus ligation, the pepsin content of gastric juice, total acidity, and free acidity were reduced. Overall, both ulcer preventive effects and ulcer healing properties of the pantoprazole were significantly enhanced in animals who received the co-administration of carrot fruit (500 mg/kg).     

HIF in Gastric Cancer: Regulation and Therapeutic Target

HIF means hypoxia-inducible factor gene family, and it could regulate various biological processes, including tumor development. In 2021, the FDA approved the new drug Welireg for targeting HIF-2a, and it is mainly used to treat von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, which demonstrated its good prospects in tumor therapy. As the fourth deadliest cancer worldwide, gastric cancer endangers the health of people all across the world. Currently, there are various treatment methods for patients with gastric cancer, but the five-year survival rate of patients with advanced gastric cancer is still not high. Therefore, here we reviewed the regulatory role and target role of HIF in gastric cancer, and provided some references for the treatment of gastric cancer.     

武威市腌菜中亚硝基化合物的测定及其胃癌高发原因的分析

针对武威市胃癌高发的现状，应用高效毛细管电泳法(HPCE)和气相色谱法分别测定了当地居民冬季的蔬菜代用品-腌菜中的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐以及二甲基亚硝胺、二乙基亚硝按．测定结果如下：当地各种腌菜全部检出硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐．其中40份腌菜中的硝酸盐的最高含量为6．1785g/kg，检出率为100％；亚硝酸盐的最高含量为0．1445g/kg，检出率为65％-75％；20份腌菜中的二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)的最高含量为47．78μg/kg，检出率为60％-70％；二乙基亚硝胺(NDEA)的最高含量为36．32μg/kg，检出率为45％-65％、而且经常食用腌莱人群的胃液中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量均明显高于不常食用者、试验数据显示，腌菜中亚硝基化合物含量较高，武威市胃癌高发的原因可能与进食腌菜有关。     

消化性溃疡患者血清四种微量元素的测定

为探讨消化性溃疡病在体内的发生与微量元素的关系,采用高频等离子体发射光谱仪测定了55例消化性溃疡患者血清中cu、Fe、zn、se4种微量元素的含量,并与55例健康对照组进行了比较。结果表明,消化性溃疡患者血清se含量低于正常对照组（P〈0．05）,zn、Fe含量与正常组比较显著降低（P〈0．01）,血清cu含量高于正常对照组（P〈0．05）。提示消化性溃疡的发生与血清中微量元素的变化有密切关系,适当补充微量元素对于治疗、防治溃疡有一定价值。     

高脂血症模型小鼠生化指标的变化

采用脂肪乳剂灌胃三个月的方法探讨高脂血症模型小鼠生化指标的变化 ,实验结束时测定了血脂、血糖、尿酸和各种脏器系数等指标 ,观察了高脂血症对小鼠机体的综合影响。结果表明 ,脂肪乳剂组肝系数、脾系数、血脂含量均高于对照组 (P <0 0 1 )。提示长期脂肪乳剂饮食可引起小鼠高脂血症及其机体的脏器改变     

Repurposed Drugs in Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major causes of death worldwide, ranking as the fifth most incident cancer in 2020 and the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality. The majority of GC patients are in an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, presenting a poor prognosis and outcome. Current GC treatment approaches involve endoscopic detection, gastrectomy and chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in an adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting. Drug development approaches demand extreme effort to identify molecular mechanisms of action of new drug candidates. Drug repurposing is based on the research of new therapeutic indications of drugs approved for other pathologies. In this review, we explore GC and the different drugs repurposed for this disease.     

Carboxymethylpsyllium (CMPsy)/poly(acrylamide)(poly(AAm)) hydrogels for oral delivery of anti-diabetic drug Gliclazide

In this work, controlled release of anti-diabetic drug Gliclazide (Glz) from the carboxymethylpsyllium (CMPsy)/poly(acrylamide) (poly (AAm)) semi-interpenetrating networks (Semi-IPN) has been studied under physiological conditions. The semi-IPN was characterized by TGA, XRD and FTIR analysis. The release of drug Glz was observed to increase with concentration of drug entrapped in the hydrogels but varied inversely with the degree of crosslinking of the semi-IPN. The release data were analyzed using various kinetic models. Finally, the in-vivo investigation of efficacy of Gliclazide–loaded semi-IPN was carried out on Albino wistar rats. The formulation demonstrated fair effectiveness in reducing the glucose level, even at an oral administration frequency of once every alternate day.     

Development of simultaneous analysis of tryptophan metabolites in serum and gastric juice – an investigation towards establishing a biomarker test for gastric cancer diagnosis

To evaluate changes in tryptophan metabolism and discover diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer, a quantitative method was developed for tryptophan and its seven metabolites (indole‐3‐lactic acid, anthranilic acid, serotonin, nicotinic acid, kynurenic acid, kynurenine and 3‐indoxyl sulfate) in both human serum and gastric juice using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Serum and gastric juice were prepared with a simple protein precipitation using aqueous 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. As a result, it was found that the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism was activated in gastric cancer and that the metabolic ratio of kynurenine/tryptophan, which reflects the enzyme activity of indoleamine‐2,3‐dioxygenase, was associated with the observed metabolic changes. Finally, the investigation of tryptophan metabolites, especially kynurenic acid, in serum and gastric juice might serve as biomarkers for gastric cancer. The findings in this study provide critical information of tryptophan metabolism which can be applied to a serum‐based diagnostic test for gastric cancer.     

Simultaneous determination of niacin and pyridoxine at trace levels by using diode array high‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry

A highly sensitive and simple diode‐array high‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of niacin and pyridoxine in pharmaceutical drugs, tap water, and wastewater samples. To determine the in vivo behavior of niacin and pyridoxine, analytes were subjected to simulated gastric conditions. The calibration plots of the diode‐array high‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry method showed good linearity over a wide concentration range with close to 1.0 correlation coefficients for both analytes. The limit of detection/limit of quantitation values for liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry analysis were 1.98/6.59 and 1.3/4.4 μg/L for niacin and pyridoxine, respectively, while limit of detection/limit of quantitation values for niacin and pyridoxine in high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis were 3.7/12.3 and 5.7/18.9 μg/L, respectively. Recovery studies were also performed to show the applicability of the developed methods, and percentage recovery values were found to be 90–105% in tap water and 94–97% in wastewater for both analytes. The method was also successfully applied for the qualitative and quantitative determination of niacin and pyridoxine in drug samples.