自由基C69N及双体(C69N)2结构和电子光谱的理论研究

用INDO系列方法对自由基C₆₉N(Cs)及双体(C₆₉N)₂(C₂h)进行了理论研究,结果表明:笼骨架上N的掺入使C₇₀笼发生畸变,N向笼外突出,与氮相连的碳(6-6环上的C)自旋密度较大,2个C₆₉N自由基在这个碳上以C-C单键连接,形成双体为C₂h对称性,N与附近的3个碳均以单键连接,并不断开。理论计算的电子光谱与实验吻合较好,(C₆₉N)₂易分解为单体C₆₉N.     

CuO掺杂C3N对HF吸附性能的第一性原理研究

本文选择CuO作为掺杂物,新型类石墨烯二维材料C₃N为基底,基于第一性原理研究了本征C₃N以及掺杂单个和4～6个CuO分子的C₃N对HF的吸附过程,计算分析了各吸附体系的吸附能、差分电荷密度、态密度和恢复时间等参数.结果表明,经过掺杂改性后的C₃N对HF的吸附要强于本征C₃N,1CuO-C₃N对HF的吸附性能最好,5CuO-C₃N其次,而4CuO-C₃N与6CuO-C₃N对HF仅为物理吸附.另外还发现掺杂体系的能带带隙越小、金属性越强、其对HF的吸附作用就越强.再结合恢复时间,确定即使在高温环境中1CuO-C₃N也能实现对HF的有效去除,因此1CuO-C₃N可以作为HF的气体吸附剂应用于氟碳类绝缘气体的废气处理领域.     

基于自制气体循环系统测定全氟异丁腈中杂质成分

建立了基于自制全密闭进样系统的气相色谱-质谱测定全氟异丁腈（C₄F₇N）商品气中杂质的方法。待测气体在自制的密封系统内稀释并混合均匀,使用在线自动六通阀进样,采用Agilent GS-GASPRO色谱柱（30 m×0.32 mm×5 μm）分离,测定了国内某公司（DC公司）和国外某公司（AC公司）的全氟异丁腈绝缘气体的杂质成分。结果表明,全氟异丁腈商品气中含有微量的N₂、O₂、C₃HF₇和痕量的C₃F₆,其中AC公司的C₄F₇N商品气体中的杂质总含量为0.13%,C₄F₇N纯度为99.87%;DC公司的C₄F₇N商品气体中的杂质总含量为0.83%,C₄F₇N纯度为99.17%,两家公司的C₄F₇N含量均符合≥ 99%的标称含量。该法通过对C₄F₇N绝缘气体组成的测定,为其在电气绝缘输电设备中的应用提供基础成分数据。     

有机磷杀虫剂的研究——Ⅶ.某些苯基对位取代硫代膦酸酯的合成

1.制备一些新型的硫代膦酰氯,其中R'为C₆H₅,R"为C₂H₅O,C₂H₅,(CH₃)₂N,(C₂H₅)₂N,C₂H₅S等。     

利用高空间分辨针尖增强拉曼散射识别氮掺杂富勒烯催化的氧还原反应中间体（英文）

氮掺杂富勒烯(C₅₉N)催化剂在氢燃料电池的氧还原反应中表现出良好的活性.然而,C₅₉N上发生的氧还原反应路径的中间体和催化活性位点尚未被直接表征,阻碍了对C₅₉N催化剂在氧还原反应中活性增强机制的理解.本文通过在模拟计算中考虑空间限制等离子体的不均匀分布,从理论上提出高空间分辨针尖增强拉曼散射可以有效地识别C₅₉N上氧还原反应的不同中间体构型.通过调整聚焦的空间限制等离子体位置,氧还原反应中与O₂-C₅₉N相互作用有关联的振动模式可以被高空间分辨针尖增强拉曼散射光谱直接选择出来,并且得到增强.此外,选择出来的振动模式对应的高空间分辨针尖增强拉曼散射图像在吸附位点周围给出了拉曼热点,提供了氧还原反应在C₅₉N上催化活性位点的原位观测细节.这些发现为今后通过高分辨率高空间分辨针尖增强拉曼散射技术在分子尺度上探索催化系统提供了良好的参考.     

C59(CHPh2)N的电子结构、UV-Vis光谱、NMR谱及非线性光学性质的理论研究

用INDO系列方法对由(C₅₉N)₂和CH₂Ph₂合成的第一个C₅₉N衍生物C₅₉(CHPh₂)N进行了理论研究,得到了C₅₉(CHPh₂)N的稳定分子构型,表明C₅₉(CHPh₂)N为Cs对称性,并在此基础上讨论了C₅₉(CHPh₂)N的UV-Vis光谱、NMR谱.计算表明C₅₉(CHPh₂)N的二阶非线性光学系数β_μ较大.     

AuCu和石墨烯助催化剂协同增强氮化碳的光催化性能

在热解法合成石墨相C₃N₄的基础上,先后采用溶剂热法和共沉淀法将石墨烯和AuCu双金属纳米颗粒负载到C₃N₄表面,得到AuCu/石墨烯/C₃N₄复合光催化剂。采用XRD、IR、BET、TEM、XPS、Absorption、PL、电化学等技术对AuCu/石墨烯/C₃N₄的结构进行分析,并详细评估其在可见光下分解水制氢和还原CO₂的性能。石墨烯的负载可以增加材料的比表面积,促进光生电荷的迁移。AuCu双金属以合金的形式负载于石墨烯/C₃N₄表面,平均粒径3.7 nm。纳米Au的表面等离共振效应能拓宽材料的光谱吸收范围,而第二金属Cu的引入能加速光生电子的分离和传输。因此,石墨烯和AuCu双助催化剂的负载能显著增强C₃N₄的光催化性能。当AuCu的原子比为3:2、AuCu和石墨烯的负载量分别为0.5和1 wt%...     

石墨烯基二氧化碳电化学还原催化剂的研究进展

利用电催化技术将CO₂转化为小分子燃料或高值化学品是实现原子经济、构建人工碳循环的绿色能源技术之一。电催化还原CO₂ (ECR)的反应条件温和、产物多样(C₁、C₂和C₂₊),有极大的发展潜力。然而,ECR技术面临一些需要解决的挑战性问题,包括电极过电势高、C₂及C₂₊产物选择性低、伴随析氢反应等。解决这些问题的关键在于创制低成本、高性能电催化剂。近年来,石墨烯基电催化剂的研究成为ECR领域的热点之一,原因包括：1)在电化学环境中稳定性好;2)表面原子、电子结构可调,进而实现材料催化活性的调控;3)维度可调,易暴露较大的比表面积和形成层次孔结构;4)耦合石墨烯的高导电性与特定材料的高活性,可协同提升ECR催化性能。本文评述了石墨烯基材料在ECR中的研究进展,详述了石墨烯基电催化剂的构筑方法,探讨并梳理了石墨烯的点/线缺陷、表面官能团、掺杂原子构型、金属单原子种类、材料表界面性质等与ECR性能之间的本征构效关系。最后展望了石墨烯基催化剂在ECR领域中的挑战和未来发展。     

新奇二茂铁甲基氮C60衍生物的合成、结构

尽管目前人们对富勒烯[C₆₀]的过渡金属有机物研究较多^[1],但通过氮卡宾方式连接的C₆₀二茂铁衍生物尚未见报道。鉴于对C₆₀反应的浓厚兴趣及二茂铁的广泛应用价值^[2]我们 利用C₆₀的缺电子性^[3]将其与二茂铁甲基氮卡宾进行[1+2]环加成反应,分离并表征了一种具有齿轮式结构的新奇C₆₀二茂铁衍生物(CpFeC₅H₄CH₂N)5C₆₀(l)。     

新型金属-双二硫杂戊烯(M-BDT)配合物的合成、表征及X射线的指标化

合成了4个新型NiBDT配位化合物,BDT为具有9个S原子的杂戊烯.元素分析、IR谱、UV谱确定这4个新配合物的化学式分别为[(CH₃)₄N]₂[Ni(C₅S₉)₂](1),[(C₂H₅)₄N]₂·[Ni(C₅S₉)₂](2),[(C₄H₉)₄N]₂[Ni(C₅S₉)₂](3),[(C₆H₅)(CH₃)₃N]₂[Ni(C₅S₉)₂](4).采用Ito法对配合物1的X射线粉末图进行了指标化,确定该晶体属单斜晶系,简单晶格,晶胞参数:a=0.680nm,b=0.714nm,c=2.302nm,γ=111.4°,Z=2.     

Size Dependence of Electronic Excitation Energy in Linear C2nH and C2n－1N

The geometries, bondings, and vibrational frequencies of C2nH (n = 3—9) and C2n-1N(n= 3—9) were in-vestigated by means of density functional theory (DFT). The vertical excitation energies for the X^2Ⅱ→^2Ⅱ transitions of C2nH(n= 3—9) and for the X2∑→^2Ⅱ and the X^2Ⅱ→^2Ⅱ transitions of C2n-1N (n= 3—9) have been calculated by the time-dependent density functional theory(TD-DFT) approach. On the basis of present calculations, the explicit expression for the wavelengths of the excitation energies in linear carbon chains is suggested, namely, λ0 = [1240. 6A/(2 √-3n 6 - √-3n 3）] (1 — Be^Cn), where A = 3. 24463, B =0. 90742, and C=0. 07862 for C2nH, and A=2. 94714, B=0. 83929, and C=0. 08539 for C2n-1N. In consid-eration of a comparison of the theory with the experiment, both the expressions are modified as λ1 = 0. 92 (λ0 100) and λ1 =0. 95(λ0-90) for C2nH and C2n-1N, respectively.     

杂多三金属磷酸盐的合成与表征

早期合成的Keggin结构杂多酸均是同种齿顶原子,后来人们合成了一系列含两种齿顶原子的三元杂多酸~[1,2],我们曾制备了含3种齿顶原子的四元杂多酸~[3,4].随着齿顶原子种类的增多,杂多酸在水溶液中的稳定性降低.本文采用空缺杂多酸阴离子逐步与不同齿顶原子结合,最后用溶解度极小的(C_1H_9)_4N~+盐沉淀方法合成了未见报道的磷的四元杂多酸盐.     

The use of thermotropic liquid crystals in organometallic chemistry. Synthesis of new mercury, silver and gold complexes with 4,4′-disubstituted azob

Liquid crystalline 4-XC₆H₄N=NC₆H₄X-4′ [X = C₄H₉ (1a), C_1OH₂₁ (1b), OC₄H₉ (1c), OC₈H₁₇(1d)] can be easily prepared in high yields from the corresponding anilines. In order to study the influence of metals on the thermal properties of these materials, we have obtained adducts [AuCl ₃(4-C₄H₉OC₆H₄N=NC₆H₄OC₄H₉-4′)] (2) and [Ag(OC1O₃)L₂] [L = 4-XC₆H₄N=NC₆H₄X-4′; X = OC₄H, (3a), OC₈H₁₇ (3b)]. The silver adducts show themotropic behaviour. Mercuriation of dialkylazobenzenes 1a-b takes place with [Hg(OAc)₂] and LiCl to give [Hg(R)Cl] [R = C₆H₃(N=NC₆H₄X-4′)-2, X-5; X = C₄H₉ (bpap) (4a), C₁₀H₂₁ (dpap) (4b)] while dialkoxyazobenzenes 1c–d require [Hg (OOCCF₃)₂] to obtain [Hg(R)Cl] [R = C₆H₃(N---NC₆H₄X-4′)-2, X-5; X = OC₄H₉ (bxpap) (4c), OC ₈H₁₇ (4d)]. 4a-c react with NaI to give [HgR₂] [R= bpap (5a), dpap (5b), bxpap (5c), oxpap (5d)l. Both chloroaryl-, 4a and 4c, and diaryl-mercurials, 5a and 5c, act readily as transmetailating agents towards [Me₄N] [AuCl₄] in the presence of [Me₄N]Cl to give [Au(η²-R)Cl₂] [R = bpap (6a), bxpap (6b)]. After reaction of [AuCl ₃(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) with [Me₄N]Cl and 4b (1:2:1), [Me₄N][Au(dpap)Cl₃] (7) can be isolated. C---H activati bxpap (8b)]. None of the complexes 4–8 shows mesomorphic behaviour.     

Quadruple-stranded Eu-helicate Assembled from Bis-β-diketonate: Its Stability Towards Metal Ions

Herein, we reported the synthesis and investigation of highly luminescent quadruple-stranded helicate (C₆H₁₆N)₄[Eu₂(MBDA)₄]₂^.3C₄H₁₀O·4C₂H₃N(1-Eu)[H₂MBDA=N-methyl-4,4'-bis(4,4,4-trifluoro-1,3-dioxobutyl)di- phenylamine] for its stability toward metal ions in the solution. The material was characterized via X-ray crystallographic technique, Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of- flight(ESI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The results on the luminescence quantum yields clearly demonstrate that the ligand can effectively sensitize the luminescence of the Eu³⁺ ions(Φ_overall=15%). Upon the addition of different metal ions(i. e., Ag⁺, Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe³⁺, Al³⁺ and Ni²⁺) to the CH₃CN solution of compound 1-Eu, the emission intensities of Eu³⁺ ions at 612 nm were affected to some extent, which could be attributed to the presence of ion exchanges between Eu³⁺ ions and the metals ions, and the result was confirmed by ESI-TOF mass spectrometry.     

Theoretical study on reaction mechanism of the vinyl radical with nitrogen atom

The complex triplet potential energy surface of the C₂H₃N system is investigated at the UB3LYP and CCSD(T) (single-point) levels in order to explore the possible reaction mechanism of C₂H₃ radical with N(⁴S). Eleven minimum isomers and 18 transition states are located. Possible energetically allowed reaction pathways leading to various low-lying dissociation products are obtained. Starting from the energy-rich reactant C₂H₃+N(⁴S), the first step is the attack of the N atom on the C atom having one H atom attached in C₂H₃ radical and form the intermediate C₂H₃N(1). The associated intermediate 1 can lead to product P₁ CH₂CN+H and P₂ ³CH₂+³HCN by the cleavage of C–H bond and C–C bond, respectively. The most favorable pathway for the C₂H₃+N(⁴S) reaction is the channel leading to P₁, which is preferred to that of P₂ due to the comparative lower energy barrier. The formation of P₃ ³C₂H₂+³NH through hydrogen-abstraction mechanism is also feasible, especially at high temperature. The other pathways are less competitive comparatively.     

基于磺酰基杯[4]芳烃的Co16笼簇的合成、结构及电化学性质

以氯化钴、 对叔丁基磺酰杯[4]芳烃(H₄TC4A-SO₂)和非对称性3-(1H-四唑-5-基)苯甲酸(H₂L)为原料, 通过溶剂热法合成了一个具有四面体配位笼结构的16核化合物[Co₁₆(TC4A-SO₂)₄(OH)₄(L)₈]·[(C₈H₂₀N)(C₄H₁₂N)₂(C₂H₈N)]·solvent(Co₁₆-TC4A-SO₂). 采用X射线单晶衍射、 X射线粉末衍射、 热重分析、 红外光谱方法对配合物进行了表征. 将Co₁₆-TC4A-SO₂笼簇直接负载到碳纸上(Co₁₆-TC4A-SO₂/CP)用作工作电极, 其对析氧反应(OER)展现出较好的催化性能. 在1 mol/L KOH中, Co₁₆-TC4A-SO₂/CP在343.8 mV的过电位下达到10.0 mA/cm ²电流密度, Tafel斜率为79.31 mV/dec, 并且在20.0 mA/cm ²电流密度下表现出长达48 h的催化稳定性.