时域延时多脉冲叠加平滑过程的分析

为满足惯性约束聚变对ns级可整形激光脉冲的独特要求,提出了一种将多脉冲延迟堆积实现脉冲平滑和灵活整形的方案。这种方案基于多光束耦合器与压电陶瓷结合技术,采用光纤作为传输介质,可以精确控制相邻脉冲延时。详细分析和讨论了时延多脉冲叠加原理和叠加技术,给出了脉冲堆积时满足平滑要求的延迟时间(约为堆积所用高斯脉冲束腰宽度)和相邻脉冲间延时相位差所需的控制精度。     

时域延时多脉冲叠加平滑过程的分析

 为满足惯性约束聚变对ns级可整形激光脉冲的独特要求,提出了一种将多脉冲延迟堆积实现脉冲平滑和灵活整形的方案。这种方案基于多光束耦合器与压电陶瓷结合技术,采用光纤作为传输介质,可以精确控制相邻脉冲延时。详细分析和讨论了时延多脉冲叠加原理和叠加技术,给出了脉冲堆积时满足平滑要求的延迟时间(约为堆积所用高斯脉冲束腰宽度)和相邻脉冲间延时相位差所需的控制精度。     

电各向异性色散介质电磁散射时域有限差分分析的半解析递推卷积方法

利用坐标系转换矩阵给出实验室系中磁化等离子体介质的频域极化率张量, 采用部分分式展开方法通过傅里叶逆变换得到极化率张量的时域指数函数形式, 应用数字信号处理中的半解析递归卷积算法, 给出适用于处理任意外磁场方向情形下磁化等离子体目标电磁散射的半解析递归卷积-时域有限差分计算方法. 计算了磁化等离子体球的同极化和交叉极化后向雷达散射截面, 结果表明了算法的正确有效性. 关键词： 半解析递归卷积 磁化等离子体 电磁散射 时域有限差分方法     

Characterization of graphene-based photonic crystal in THz spectrum with finite-difference time domain method

Graphene has been considered as a promising material which may find applications in the THz science. In this work, we numerically investigate tunable photonic crystals in the THz range based on stacked graphene/dielelctric layers, a complex pole-residue pair model is used to find the effective permittivity of graphene, which could be easily incorporated into the finite-difference time domain （FDTD） algorithm. Two different schemes of photonic crystal used for extending the bandgap have been simulated through this FDTD technique.     

Investigation of the performance of an SPR-based optical fiber sensor using finite-difference time domain

Finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method was used to investigate the performance of surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based optical fiber sensors. The results show that the performance of the fiber sensor can be optimized by choosing a proper combination of metal layer thickness of 40–60 nm and residual cladding thickness of 400–500 nm. Furthermore, the roughness effect of the gold surface layering the fiber sensor is significant in rough surfaces when sigma rms is greater than 5 nm or correlation length is lower than 100 nm.     

Subpixel smoothing for conductive and dispersive media in the finite-difference time-domain method

Staircasing of media properties is one of the intrinsic problems of the finite-difference time-domain method, which reduces its accuracy. There are different approaches for solving this problem, and the most successful of them are based on correct approximation of inverse permittivity tensor epsilon(-1) at the material interface. We report an application of this tensor method for conductive and dispersive media. For validation, comparisons with analytical solutions and various other subpixel smoothing methods are performed for the Mie scattering from a small sphere.     

The accuracy and stability of time domain finite element solutions

The use of finite elements in the time domain provides a means of determining the response of a mechanical system to any forcing function. Two types of elements are used; a cubic element which maintains continuity of displacement and velocity between adjacent elements, and a quintic element which also ensures continuity of acceleration. The accuracy of solutions depends on the number of elements per unit time, errors being inversely proportional to the square of the number of elements for the cubic and inversely proportional to the fourth power of the number of elements for the quintic element. A condition for the stability of a solution is also established.     

任意磁化方向铁氧体电磁散射时域有限差分分析的Z变换方法

利用坐标系转换矩阵给出实验室系中饱和磁化铁氧体的频域磁化率张量, 采用部分分式展开方法通过Z变换得到磁化率张量的Z域形式, 给出了任意磁化方向铁氧体电磁散射的Z变换-时域有限差分算法. 计算了饱和磁化铁氧体球的同极化和交叉极化后向雷达散射截面, 结果表明了算法的正确有效性. 关键词： Z变换 饱和磁化铁氧体 电磁散射 时域有限差分方法     

Fundamental accuracy of time domain finite element method for sound-field analysis of rooms

This paper presents an assessment of the accuracy and applicability of a time domain finite element method (TDFEM) for sound-field analysis in architectural space. This TDFEM incorporates several techniques: (1) a hexahedral 27-node isoparametric acoustic element using a spline function; (2) a lumped acoustic dissipation matrix; and (3) Newmark time integration method with an absolute diagonal scaled COCG iterative solver. Sound fields in an irregularly shaped reverberation room of 166 m³ are computed using TDFEM. The computed values and measured values for 125-500 Hz are compared, revealing that the fine structure of the computed band-limited impulse responses agree with measured ones up to 0.1 s, with a cross-correlation coefficient greater than 0.93. The cross-correlation coefficient decreases gradually over time, and more rapidly for higher frequencies. Moreover, the computed decay curves, and the reverberation times, agree well with the respective measured ones, and with a better fit the higher the frequency (up to 500 Hz).     

基于时/频域分析的光电吊舱稳定精度测试方法研究北大核心CSCD

稳定精度作为光电吊舱的关键性能指标之一,开展瞄准线稳定精度测试方法研究对于光电吊舱测试与验收具有重要意义。结合粗精组合稳定光电系统,提出一种基于时/频域分析的稳定精度测试方法。通过采集随机振动环境下惯性速率传感器和光学补偿元件的角位置信号,基于信号时域分析,得到图像漂移角速率、抖动及概率分布情况;基于信号频域分析,得到瞄准线角位置信号的功率谱密度。提出频段稳定精度贡献度,用于评估不同频段对稳定精度的影响程度;采用二级稳定效能提升度,评价二级稳定在不同频段对系统稳定性能的提升程度。该方法可以直观展示图像抖动及概率分布情况,同时给出影响瞄准线稳定精度的频率要素,对于指导机电系统设计具有重要的工程应用价值。     

基于速度平滑距离的高精度测量方法研究

随着卫星定位以及测定轨精度的提高，需要研究厘米量级的高精度测距系统。针对现有测控系统测量距离值存在较大随机误差的问题，提出了一种基于速度对距离值进行平滑的方法，以减小测距随机误差。为了保证速度的解算精度，给出了一种基于三阶锁相环路的跟踪接收方案，并对环路跟踪精度、速度平滑时间选择及优化等进行分析和仿真。仿真结果表明，新提出的接收方案和速率平滑距离方法能够实现对不同动态目标信号的有效跟踪，有效降低距离测量的随机误差，可为高精度航天测控系统提供一种解决思路。     

Improving the accuracy of aerosol extinction coefficient inversion

This paper considers the relationship between the accuracy of aerosol extinction inversion and the boundary value, and derives a theoretical high-accuracy aerosol extinction coefficient inversion. Aerosol extinction coefficient profiles depend on the boundary value. The relationship function of the differential extinction coefficient and differential boundary value is expressed by a maximum value. The smaller the differential boundary value, the smaller the differential extinction coefficient. The clean atmosphere layer is easily found from the lidar range-corrected signal, and the extinction coefficient of the clean atmosphere layer can be obtained using the slope method. By relating the extinction coefficient of the clean atmosphere layer to the extinction coefficient profiles at different boundary values, an accurate aerosol extinction coefficient profile can be obtained.     

Impact of weak localization in the time domain

We find a renormalized "time-dependent diffusion coefficient," D(t), for pulsed excitation of a nominally diffusive sample by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation with recurrent scattering. We observe a crossover in dynamics in the transformation from a quasi-1D to a slab geometry implemented by varying the ratio of the radius, R, to the length, L, of the cylindrical sample with reflecting side walls and open ends. Immediately after the peak of the transmitted pulse, D(t) falls linearly with a nonuniversal slope that approaches an asymptotic value for R/L>1. The value of D(t) extrapolated to t=0 depends only upon the dimensionless conductance g for R/L<1 and only upon kl(0) for R/L>1, where k is the wave vector and l(0) is the bare mean free path.     

Real-time fractal signal processing in the time domain

Fractal analysis has proven useful for the quantitative characterization of complex time series by scale-free statistical measures in various applications. The analysis has commonly been done offline with the signal being resident in memory in full length, and the processing carried out in several distinct passes. However, in many relevant applications, such as monitoring or forecasting, algorithms are needed to capture changes in the fractal measure real-time. Here we introduce real-time variants of the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and the closely related Signal Summation Conversion (SSC) methods, which are suitable to estimate the fractal exponent in one pass. Compared to offline algorithms, the precision is the same, the memory requirement is significantly lower, and the execution time depends on the same factors but with different rates. Our tests show that dynamic changes in the fractal parameter can be efficiently detected. We demonstrate the applicability of our real-time methods on signals of cerebral hemodynamics acquired during open-heart surgery.     

小波降噪提高时延估计精度的研究

为了估计两个在空间上分离的传感器所接收信号之间的时间延迟,结合小波降噪的特点,提出了一种基于小波降噪的广义相关时延估计算法.鉴于传统阈值降噪的不足,对小波阙值的选取进行改进,研究出一种新的小波阈值降噪技术.该算法克服了传统广义相关法需要信号和噪声先验知识的局限性,放宽了直接互相关法对信号和噪声的假设条件.仿真和实验结果...     

宽带低旁瓣时域波束形成

针对有源和无源声呐中的宽带波束形成,提出了一种低旁瓣时域实现方法。声阵列各个阵元的输出首先经过数字延迟线实现数倍采样间隔的时延补偿,然后由FIR数字滤波器来补偿剩余的时延,并实现低旁瓣波束所需的频率加权,最后再把滤波器输出相加得到时域波束输出。FIR数字滤波器的设计采用改进的自适应方法,其期望响应由工作频带划分成的等间隔窄子带上的低旁瓣波束形成权系数构成。各个子带上的低旁瓣波束则采用基于MVDR波束形成原理的波束优化设计方法得到。针对圆弧阵的计算机仿真设计结果和湖上实验验证了本文方法的正确性和有效性。