Calculations of the ground states of BeH and BeH+ without the Born-Oppenheimer approximation

Non-Born-Oppenheimer variational calculations employing explicitly correlated Gaussian basis functions have been performed for the ground states of the beryllium monohydride molecule (BeH) and its ion (BeH+), as well as for the beryllium atom (Be) and its ion (Be+). An approach based on the analytical energy gradient calculated with respect to the Gaussian exponential parameters was employed. The calculated energies were used to determine the ionization potential of BeH and the dissociation energies of BeH and BeH+. Also, the generated wave functions were used to compute various expectation values, such as the average interparticle distances and the nucleus-nucleus correlation functions.     

Field and field-gradient polarizabilities of BeH,BH and CH+

The multipole moments and independent components of the α, β, A, C, and B polarizability tensors have been calculated for BeH, BH, and CH⁺ at both SCF and MC SCF levels. To our knowledge, this is the first time that electron correlation has been taken into account in evaluating these properties for these species.     

Density matrix in the open shell theory

All the second-order density matrix spin components for the spin-projected Slater determinant are presented as expansions in direct products of powers of unprojected spin- and residual electron density matrices. Spin components of the second-order transition density matrices between spin-projected Slater determinants built of orthogonal orbitals are also obtained.     

On the stability of the autodissociative ground electronic state of BeH2+

It is shown that the mechanism of spontaneous infrared emission enhances substantially the stability of the long-lived ground electronic state of the exotic BeH²⁺, whose autodissociation becomes possible only via tunneling. The system, initially situated in any vibrational level (except the high-lying ones for which dissociation is predominate) and statistically distributed over all rotational states, reaches stability through a cascade of dipole emissions toward lower levels. The rapid spatial variation of the dipole moment results in fast radiative processes and might suggest experimental observations easier to perform. The methodology is based on a recently presented analytic discrete variable representation (DVR ) [D.T. Colbert and W.H. Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 96 , 1982 (1992)] that facilitates calculations. This might prove particularly useful to spectroscopists, allowing a check of the quality of potentials produced by inversion methods or the reliable calculation of spectrochemical quantities. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Charge transfer and curve crossings in the [BeH2O]2+ system

Summary Diabatic and adiabatic potential energy curves have been determined for the complexation of beryllium cation with a water molecule, by means of multi-reference perturbation CI. The quasi-diabatic states correspond to Be²⁺H₂O and to nine charge transfer states (Be⁺H₂O⁺): at short beryllium-water distances the ground state is essentially Be²⁺H₂O, but at large distances several charge transfer states have lower energies. The nature of the curve crossings of the ground and lowest excited states in the [BeH₂O]²⁺ system is clarified. The changes brought about by the presence of a second water molecule are investigated.     

开壳层元素簇合物BCHe^2+的几何构型和成键性质研究

本文用ab initio方法研究了开壳层元素簇合物BCHe^2^+基态的三种几何构型, 即线形BC-He^2^+, CB-He^2^+和T形(He在B-C键中点上方)的稳定性半讨论了其成健性质。计算了势能曲线。计算是在6-31G^*, 6-311G^*^*, 6-311+G^*^*,6-311++G^*^*, 6-311G^*^*(2df)和6-311G(3df,2p)基组下, 用UHF, MP2, PMP2,MP4(SDTQ), CISD和ST4CCD方法完成的。结果表明, He与B和C之间有弱键存在。三种构型之间的能量差别不大, 其结构都是非刚性的。在我们所查阅文献范围内, 本工作尚属首次。     

Use of the CNDO method with modified shell repulsion potential for calculation of interactions in solutions

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry -     

Sources of error in open shell Hartree-Fock calculations

It is demonstrated that single eigenvalue methods for solving open shell Hartree-Fock equations can give an energy that is not invariant to a unitary transformation of the orbitals. This is discussed with reference to potential curves for polyatomic molecules.     

Breakdown of hydration repulsion between charged surfaces in aqueous Cs+ solutions

Using a surface force balance, we have measured the normal and shear forces between mica surfaces across aqueous caesium salt solutions (CsNO(3) and CsCl) up to 100 mM concentrations. In contrast to all other alkali metal ions at these concentrations, we find no evidence of hydration repulsion between the mica surfaces on close approach: the surfaces appear to be largely neutralized by condensation of the Cs ions onto the charged lattice sites, and are attracted on approach into adhesive contact. The contact separation at adhesion indicates that the condensed Cs ions protrude by 0.3 +/- 0.2 nm from each surface, an observation supported both by the relatively weak adhesion energies between the surfaces, and the relatively weak frictional yield stress when they are made to slide past each other. These observations show directly that the hydration shells about the Cs(+) ions are removed as the ions condense into the charged surface lattice. This effect is attributed to the low energies-resulting from their large ionic radius-required for dehydration of these ions.     

An iterative process to calculate the SCF open shell orbitals

A method is described for calculating SCF open shell orbitals. In comparison with the coupling operator method, a greater velocity of convergency of the iterative process is obtained by taking into account not only the correct variational conditions, but also the best variations of orbitals step by step.     

Theoretical study of changes in pi-electron delocalization in the analogues of an ortho-hydroxy schiff base when the proton is replaced with Li+ or BeH+

Molecular geometries of ortho-hydroxy Schiff base in keto-enamine and enol-imine tautomeric forms, its anion, and their derivatives in which H+ was replaced with Li+ or BeH+ were optimized at the B3LYP/6-311+G level of theory. Isodesmic reactions for estimating delocalization due to H-bonding or cation chelating were calculated. Geometry-based aromaticity index HOMA and magnetism-based NICS1(zz) index were used to estimate pi-electron delocalization. Keto-enamine tautomer exhibits low aromaticity in the ring and a relatively high pi-electron delocalization in the quasi-ring. The reverse was found for enol-imine tautomer. The Li+ and BeH+ derivatives showed a relatively high pi-electron delocalization in the ring and in the quasi-ring. This may be interpreted by an extension of the electron delocalization path in the pi-electron system through low-lying unoccupied p-type orbitals of Li+ and BeH+ cations.     

A remark on the comparison between the roothaan open shell and half-electron method

Using Pople -electron and CNDO/2 approaches for various open-shell ground states, a comparison is made for total SCF energies calculated by the half-electron and Roothaan methods. Types of electronic configurations are ascertained for which the two methods yield identical total energies.

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Zusammenfassung Unter Anwendung der -Elektronen- und der CNDO/2-Näherung werden die totalen SCF-Energien für verschiedene open shell-Grundzustände im half electron-Verfahren und im Roothaanschen Verfahren verglichen. Es werden Typen von elektronischen Konfigurationen ermittelt, für die beide Verfahren zu der gleichen Gesamtenergie führen.

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Résumé En utilisant les méthodes -électroniques de Pople et CNDO/2 pour des états fondamentaux avec couche incomplète différente, on fait la comparaison pour les énergies totales de champs autocohérent calculées par la méthode «sémiélectronique» et celle de Roothaan. On a determiné les types des configurations électroniques pour lesquels ces deux méthodes livrent les énergie totales identiques.

     

Interaction of Co+ and Co2+ with glycine. A theoretical study

Cobalt cations are open shell systems with several possible electronic states arising from the different occupations of the 3d and 4s orbitals. The influence of these occupations on the relative stability of the coordination modes of the metal cation to glycine has been studied by means of theoretical methods. The structure and vibrational frequencies have been determined using the B3LYP method. Single-point calculations have also been carried out at the CCSD(T) level. The most stable structure of Co(+)-glycine is bidentate, with the Co(+) cation interacting with the amino group and the carbonyl oxygen of neutral glycine, and the ground electronic state being (3)A. For Co(2+)-glycine, the lowest energy structure corresponds to the interaction of the metal cation with the carboxylate group of the zwitterionic glycine, the ground electronic state being (4)A'.     

A simple approximation for the Pauli potential yielding self‐consistent electron densities exhibiting proper atomic shell structure

A simple approximation for the Pauli potential for the groundstate of atomic systems is given, which in connection with Hohenberg–Kohn variational procedure yields self‐consistent electron densities exhibiting proper atomic shell structure. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Dynamic polarizabilities and Rydberg states of open shell atomic systems

Time dependent coupled Hartree-Fock (TDCHF) theory is applied to calculate frequency dependent polarizabilities, transition energies, oscillator strengths and effective quantum numbers of several excited states of the open shell ions Al, Si⁺, P²⁺, S³⁺, Cl⁴⁺, Ar⁵⁺, Cl and Ar⁺ in the ²P state within and beyond the normal dispersion region. The Roothaan formalism has been adopted to deal with the open shell problem. The excitation energies are extracted from the positions of the poles of an appropriate functional. Analytic representations of the singly excited Rydberg states have been found. The results obtained compare well with spectroscopic and other elaborate theoretical data wherever available. Inner shell excitations have been found for the first time within TDCHF theory.