柔软肉芝软珊瑚中的新二萜内酯

肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophytum是珊瑚纲,八放珊瑚亚纲,软珊瑚目中的一个属,软珊瑚肉质柔软而不被海洋中的动物所吞食,这被认为是与其次生代谢产物中含有能驱赶其它生物的化学防御物质有关,从而引起了化学家和药物学家的重视^[1,2],例如从乳白肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophytum glaucum和第氏肉芝办珊瑚Sarcophyton decasyi中均分离得到细胞毒活性相当强的二萜内脂Sarcophine^[3-5],Bernstein^[3]认为这类物质可能是软珊瑚的化学防御物质之一,最近我们在研究柔软肉芝软珊瑚Sarcophyton molle Tix.Dur.的次生代谢产物过程中,分离到两个在生源上与Sarcophine有密切关系的二萜内酯 Sarcophinone(1)^[6,7]和iso-Sarcophinone(2),其中2是新化合物。体外的生理活性试验显示,化合物1和2对艾氏腹水瘤细胞和水鼠S180肿瘤细胞均有显著抑制作用,本文报道了Sarcophinone(1)和iso-Sarcophinone(2)的分离和结构测定。     

肉芝软珊瑚属中二聚西松烷型二萜化合物的化学和生物活性研究进展

二聚西松烷型二萜(biscembranoid)是一类骨架新颖、结构复杂、罕见的海洋天然产物,主要存在于肉芝软珊瑚属珊瑚生物中.这类化合物多具有显著的生物活性,尤其表现为抗炎、抗肿瘤等.对近年来报道的肉芝软珊瑚属中的二聚西松烷型二萜化合物的化学及生物活性进行综述,并对其药用前景作出展望.     

软珊瑚中的新次生代谢物Lobocalone

前文~[1,2]曾从豆荚属软珊瑚中分离出两种大环二萜内酯,最近又在喀里多豆荚软珊瑚(Lobophytum caledonense Tix Dur)中分离出一种罕见的新型结构的次生代谢产物豆荚软珊瑚酮Lobocalone(1)].本文报道了1的结构测定结果.     

圆裂短足软珊瑚Cladiella krempfi中的甾醇苷

软珊瑚中富含各种萜类、甾类和糖苷[1～ 3] .Christopher[4 ] 和 Bheemasankara[5] 等先后对圆裂短足软珊瑚 Cladiella krempfi中的次生代谢产物进行了研究 ,先后分离得到 5个西松烷二萜 .本文报道从广西涠洲半岛采集的圆裂短足软珊瑚 Cladiella krempfi中首次分离得到 2个甾醇苷 1和 2 ,其中 1是新化合物 .化合物 2曾从南中国海的豆荚软珊瑚 Lobophyton sp.中分离得到 ,它对人体鼻咽癌 (Cne 2 )和肝癌 (Pep-G2 )细胞生长有抑制作用[6 ] .化合物 1和 2的结构如下 :1　结果与讨论化合物 1经 Liebermann-Burchard试验呈甾醇正颜色反应 ,M…     

新三羟基-西松烯二萜内酯

本文从采自海南三亚的条状短指软珊瑚(sinulariacapillosa)中分离得四个西松烯二萜内酯(1～4)。化合物(1)是新的三羟基西松烯内酯,通过波谱方法测定了它的结构。     

从中国南海软珊瑚中分离的环氧西松烯天然产物的结构更正

(- ) - 7,8- Epoxycembrene- C[( - ) - 7,8- ECC,1 ]是 Bowden等 [1] 于 1 980年首次从澳大利亚软珊瑚Sarcophyton crassocaule中分离得到的新的环氧西松烯 .其化学结构经光谱数据证实为 ( 1 E,3E,1 1 E) -1 -异丙基 - 4,8,1 2 -三甲基 - 7,8-环氧 - 1 ,3,1 1 -十四碳环三烯 ,但 C- 7,C- 8位环氧的立体化学未被确定 . Shin等 [2 ] 也从未鉴定属名的加勒比海域的软珊瑚 Eunicea sp.中分离得到过该天然产物 . 1 997年 ,饶志刚等 [3] 报道了从中国南海肉芝软珊瑚 ( Sarcophyton molle)中分离得到一环氧西松烯天然产物 ,确定其结构为天然…     

软珊瑚Sarcophyton crassocaule中西松烷大环二萜

软珊瑚Sarcophyton种属多含有细胞毒性的西松烷型(cembrane)的大环二萜[1～5],我们对采自中国南海西沙群岛的软珊瑚Sarcophyton crassocaule化学成分进行了生物活性跟踪研究,从对癌细胞P-388具有明显抑制活性的CHCl3提取物中分离得到了一个已知结构和两个新西松烷型(cembrane)的大环二萜.我们首次报道了其中一个结构新颖的过氧西松烷型(cembrane)的大环二萜Sarcocrassolide A(3)的分离和结构鉴定,化合物的结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,HMQC,1H-1H COSY,NOESY,FABMS和X-ray晶体衍射,确证其结构和相对构型.     

海南豆荚软珊瑚Lobophytum sp.中的新西松烷二萜

从海南豆荚软珊瑚Lobophytum sp. 中分离得到四个新的西松烷类型的二萜[19-hydroxy-sarcocrassolide (1), 18-deacetyldeepoxy lobolide (2), 13-hydroxy-sinularial A (3) 和 16-hydroxy-sinulariol C (4)], 以及四个已知的相同类型化合物(5-8)。所有化合物的结构及其相对构型都是通过分析它们的一维和二维波谱学数据,和将这些数据与文献中的报道的数据相比较来确定的。     

大环二萜圆盘肉芝内酯的分子构型研究

从南海圆盘肉芝软珊瑚(Sarcophyton trochliphroum)中分离得一个新的大环二萜内酯化合物-圆盘肉芝内酯(Sartrochine), 生物测定表明其具有抗肿瘤及抑菌作用。通过波谱分析, X射线单晶衍射及CD谱确定其绝对构型。     

2D NMR对Sarcophine所有^1H NMR和^1^3C NMR归属的指定

从中国南海软珊瑚Sarcophyton molle中分离得到大环二萜内酯Sarcophine(1)。本文利用^1H-^1H COSY，HMQC，HMBC等二维谱手段首次对Sarcophine所有^1H NMR、^1^3C NMR的信号归属进行了完全的指定。并第一次报道了其^1^3C NMR数据。     

宽叶秦岭藤根部的化学成分

通过正相和反相硅胶柱层析从宽叶秦岭藤根部乙醇提取物中分离纯化得到19个化合物,经波谱分析并结合化学方法鉴定了其结构,其中4个为新化合物,它们分别是3,5-二羟基二十烷酸羽扇豆醇酯(3),2-羟甲基-5-甲氧基苯基-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(11),Δ5-孕甾烯-3β,20(S)-二醇-20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(18,秦岭藤甙C)和Δ5-孕甾烯-3β,20(S)-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(19,秦岭藤甙D).     

Two new steroidal alkaloids from Veratrum nigrum var. ussuriense

<正>Two new steroidal alkaloids,veraussines A(1) and B(2) were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum nigrum var.ussuriense.Their structures were determined as N-(ethoxycarbonyl)- 1α,2β,3α,15α-tetrahydroxy-5β-jervanin- 12-en- 11-one(1) andN-(methoxycarbonyl)- 1α,2β,3α,15α-tetrahydroxy-5β-jervanin- 12-en- 11 -one(2) by spectroscopic analysis.     

化学选择性还原21-叠氮基皮质激素法制备21-伯胺基皮质激素

以锌/氯化铵为还原剂,在含水四氢呋喃中将21-叠氮基皮质激素化学选择性地还原为21-伯氨基皮质激素.11β-羟基-21-叠氮基皮质激素比相应的11-酮基和11-去氧皮质激素容易还原,含水四氢呋喃是该反应的最适合溶剂,水的含量在还原体系中起着极其重要的作用.     

Terpenoid Glucosides from Aster Smithianus

A diterpenoid trisaccharide, smithoside A, and a saponin, smithoside B, as well as six known compounds, apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, daucosterol, shanzhiside methyl ester, 8-acetylshanzhiside methyl ester and acteoside, were isolated from Aster smithianus. On the basis of spectral evidence and chemical analytical results, smithosides A and B were identified as pimar-15(16)-β-ene-8β,11α-diol-3β-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-[β-glucopyranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside and 2β,3β,16β,21β,23-pentahydroxy-12-ene-28 oleanoic acid lactone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranoside, respectively.     

Metal-induced B-H activation: addition of acetylene, propyne, or 3-methoxypropyne to Rh(Cp*), Ir(Cp*), Ru(p-cymene), and Os(p-cymene) half-sandwich complexes containing a chelating 1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane-1,2-dichalcogenolato ligand

The addition reactions of the 16e half-sandwich complexes [M(eta5-Cp*)[E2C2(B10H10)]] (Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl: 1S: E=S, M=Rh; 2S: E=S; M=Ir; 2Se: E=Se, M=Ir) and [M(eta6-p-cymene)[S2C2(B10H10)]] (p-cymene=4-isopropyltoluene; 3S: M=Ru; 4S: M=Os), with acetylene, propyne, and 3-methoxypropyne lead to the 18e complexes 5-19 with a metal-boron bond in each case. The reactions start with an insertion of the alkyne into one of the metal-chalcogen bonds, followed by B-H activation, transfer of one hydrogen atom from the carborane via the metal to the terminal carbon of the alkyne, and concomitant ortho-metalation of the carborane. The E-eta2-CC and the C(1)B units are arranged either cisoid or transoid at the metal. X-ray structural analyses are reported for one of the starting 16e complexes (4S), the cisoid complex 12S (from 2S and HC[triple bond]C-CH3), and the transoid complexes 9S and 14S (from 1S and HC[triple bond]C-CH2OMe, and from 3S and HC[triple bond]CH, respectively). All new complexes 5-19 were characterized by NMR spectroscopy (1H, 11B, 13C, and 77Se and 103Rh NMR spectroscopy when appropriate).     

A new lathyrane diterpene glycoside from Euphorbia helioscopia L.

<正>A new lathyrane diterpene glycoside,named 3β,7β,15β-trihydroxy-14-oxolathyra-5E,12E-dienyl-16-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated from Euphorbia helioscopia L.Its structure was established by spectroscopic techniques including 2D NMR.     

Microbial transformation of diosgenin by Syncephalastrum racemosum (Cohn) Schroeter

<正>Microbial transformation of diosgenin(1) by Syncephalastrum racemosum yielded five new polar metabolites,which wereidentified as(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,7α,9α-triol-12-one(2),(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,9α,12α-triol-7-one(3),(25R)-spirost-5-en-3β,9α-diol-7,12-dione(4),(25R)-spirost-4-en-9α,12β,14α-triol-3-one(5),and(25S)-spirost-4-en-9α,14α,25β-triol-3-one(6).Compounds 1-6 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against K562 cells and among them compounds 2,3,and 6 were more potentthan the parent compound 1.     

Er3+和Ce3+/Ce4+掺杂β-BaB2O4纳米棒的制备、结构与发光性质

以Ba(NO3)2、NaBH4、Er2O3和CeO2为原料, 在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)表面活性剂辅助下, 采用水热法制备了β-BaB2O4 (β-BBO)纳米棒, 稀土离子Er3+单掺杂的β-BBO(β-BBO:Er3+)及Er3+和Ce3+/Ce4+共掺杂的β-BBO(β-BBO:Er3+/Ce3+/Ce4+)纳米棒. 通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和光致发光(PL)光谱分别对样品的物相、结构、形貌、成分及光致发光性质进行了表征. 研究结果表明: 微量稀土离子掺杂并不改变β-BBO的结构, 制得的纳米棒尺寸均匀, 长度在200-500 nm 之间, 直径在10-20 nm 之间; β-BBO:Er3+和β-BBO:Er3+/Ce3+/Ce4+纳米棒在400nm光激发下, 在可见光范围内都观察到中心波长为515和542 nm的绿光. 对发光机理的初步研究表明: 发光分别对应于Er3+的2H11/2→4I15/2, 4S3/2→4I15/2跃迁, 铈离子以Ce3+和Ce4+两种形式存在于体系中, Ce3+对Er3+起敏化作用, 可以显著增强β-BBO:Er3+/Ce3+/Ce4+纳米棒的发光强度, 存在Ce3+→Er3+的能量传递过程.     

Macrolides from the scent glands of the tropical butterflies Heliconius cydno and Heliconius pachinus

The four major components present in scent gland extracts of the male Costa Rica longwing butterflies Heliconius cydno and Heliconius pachinus were identified as 12- and 14-membered macrolides containing a C(18)-carbon skeleton. By use of micro-reactions and spectrometric examinations, structural proposals were made and subsequently proven by synthesis, using ring-closing-metathesis as the key steps. These macrolides, (9Z,11E,13S)-octadeca-9,11-dien-13-olide (5, S-coriolide), (9Z,11E,13S,15Z)-octadeca-9,11,15-trien-13-olide (6), (9Z,13S)-octadec-9-en-13-olide (13), and (9Z,11S)-octadec-9-en-11-olide (25), are biosynthetically obviously derived from oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. Their absolute configurations were determined by gas chromatographic investigations on chiral phases, showing all to possess (S)-configuration.