氯酸钾体系催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒(Ⅱ)

研究了在0.1 mol/L H3PO4介质中,活化剂抗坏血酸的作用下,V(Ⅴ)催化KClO3氧化甲基红褪色的指示反应,由此建立了一种测定痕量V(Ⅱ)的催化动力学光度新方法。研究了影响该催化褪色反应的因素。方法的线性范围为0.09～7.0 ng/mL,检出限为2.9×10-2 ng/mL。方法用于实际样品的测定。     

催化光度法测定粮食中的痕量锰

研究了测定痕量锰的新催化光度法,方法基于氨三乙酸为活化剂,锰（Ⅱ）催化高碘酸钾氧化溴酚蓝的反应。测定锰的线性范围为0．4－10ng/mL,检出限为0．082ng/mL,对于4.0ng/mL Mn(Ⅱ）的测定,相对标准偏差为3．4％（n=9),其方法已用于粮食中锰的测定。     

硫胺素-亚硝酸根体系的荧光性质研究及应用

研究了在碱性溶液中硫胺素（VB1）与亚硝酸根的荧光反应,建立了荧光光度法测定硫胺素的新方法。方法线性范围为1．28－324ng/mL,检出限0．52ng/mL,对15个浓度为100ng/mL的硫胺素溶液进行测定,相对标准偏差为1．4％。应用于药物中硫胺素的测定,回收率在96．5％－101．8％之间。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定钢铁中的痕量铋

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定钢铁中的痕量铋。考察了观察高度、负高压、灯电流、载气流速、屏蔽气流速、介质酸度、载流酸度和硼氢化钾浓度等因素对测定结果的的影响,并优化了测定条件,研究了钢铁材料中常见元素对铋测定的影响。结果表明,用硫脲和抗坏血酸作抑制剂可以消除大量元素的干扰。铋浓度在0～100ng/mL与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,方法的检出限为0.187ng/g。对20ng/mL的铋标准溶液平行测定10次,相对标准偏差为2.5%。用该方法对国家标准钢样品进行了测定,测定结果与标准值相符合。     

正交实验优化的氢化物发生原子荧光法测定水中痕量锑

采用盐酸为介质,以顺序注射-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定生产用水中的锑含量．通过正交实验确定了仪器工作参数,研究了介质浓度、KBH4浓度、硫脲一抗坏血酸加入量等因素对测定结果的影响,探讨了共存离子的干扰．在选定的最佳实验条件下,方法的检出限为0．011ng/mL,线性范围0～8ng／mL,相对标准偏差为2．78％～6．20％,加标回收率为91．0％～99．1％．该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,准确度好,与微波消解法相比较,两者无显著性差异．     

荧光法测定尿中的富马酸比索洛尔

建立了直接测定尿中富马酸比索洛尔的荧光分光光度法。荧光强度与富马酸比索洛尔含量在100－1000ng/mL范围内呈线性关系。检测限20ng/mL。对浓度100ng/mL与500ng/mL的标准溶液进行测定,其回收率分别为95．6％和99．6％,相对标准偏差为5．6％和2．3％,可用于 尿中富马酸比索洛尔含量的测定。     

新催化体系动力学光度法测定痕量铜(Ⅱ)

在邻苯二甲酸氢钾-盐酸缓冲介质中,以邻菲啰啉为活化剂,研究了铜(Ⅱ)催化抗坏血酸还原甲基橙褪色反应的优化条件,建立了一种测定铜(Ⅱ)的新方法。方法的线性范围为0~150 ng/(25 mL),检出限为1.98×10-11g/mL。该方法可用于痕量铜(Ⅱ)的测定。     

甲基绿-钒(Ⅴ)-溴酸钾催化体系测定超痕量钒的研究

在H3PO4介质中,抗坏血酸存在下,超痕量钒能灵敏地催化KBrO3氧化甲基绿褪色。研究了该催化褪色反应的最佳条件及动力学参数,建立了一种测定超痕量钒的新方法。该法的线性范围为0~1.00 ng/mL,检出限为5.20×10-12g/mL。方法可用于芹菜和小麦中钒的测定。     

塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定血清中的硒

采用硝酸钯为硒的基体改进剂，用塞曼效应扣除背景，对消化后的血样直接进行测定。该法的检出限为6．0ng/mL，线性范围10ng/mL－136ng/mL，回收率为94．8％－102．5％。     

DBM-偶氮胂催化褪色光度法测定痕量铜

以2, 2'-联吡啶为活化剂, 用Cu(Ⅱ)催化抗坏血酸还原DBM-偶氮胂的褪色反应, 考察了影响反应的条件, 测定了反应级数、表观速率常数及表观活化能, 拟定了反应的最佳条件, 建立了测定痕量铜(Ⅱ)的新方法, 方法的检出限为2.4×10-9 g/mL, 线性范围为0～6.00 ng/mL. 方法已用于池塘水中痕量Cu(Ⅱ)的测定.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.