N~1,N~2-Bis[1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]ethanedihydrazide as a neutral ionophore for preparation of a new Ho~(3+) PVC-membrane sensor

N¹,N²-Bis[1-（2-hydroxyphenyl）methylidene]ethanedihydrazide（MEH） was used as new compound which plays the role of an excellent ion carrier in the fabrication of a Ho（Ⅲ） membrane electrode.The electrode shows a good selectivity for Ho（Ⅲ） ion with respect to most common cations including alkali,alkaline earth,transition and heavy metal ions.This electrode has a wide linear dynamic range from 1.0×10^-6 to 1.0×10^-2 mol/L with a Nernstian slope of 19.8±0.3 mV per decade and a low detection limit of 5.8×10^-7 mol/L in the pH range of 2.5-9.8,while the response time was rapid（<10 s）.The suggested sensor was applied to the determination of Ho（Ⅲ） ions in tap water and river water samples.     

Iodide-selective polymeric membrane electrode based on copper(Ⅱ) bis(N-2-bromophenylsalicyldenaminato) complex

A PVC membrane electrode based on copper（Ⅱ） bis（N-2-bromophenylsalicyldenaminato） as ionophor was prepared.The ion selective electrode was tested by inorganic anions and showed a good selectivity for iodide ion.This sensor exhibited Nernstian behavior with a slope of—57.8 mV per decade at 25℃.The proposed electrode showed a linear range from 1.0×10⁵ to 1.0×10^-1 mol/L with a detection limit of 5.0×10^-6 mol/L.The electrode response was independent of pH in the range of 3.0- 10.0.The proposed sensor was applied to determine the iodide in water and antiseptic samples.     

Erbium(Ⅲ) PVC membrane sensor based on N-(benzyloxycarbonyloxy)succinimide as a new neutral ionophore

In this study,a new Er³⁺ sensor based on N-（benzyloxycarbonyloxy）succinimide（BCS） as a neutral carrier has been constructed. The sensor exhibits potential linear response with a Nernstian slope of 20.5±0.4 mV/decade in the concentration range of 1.0×10^-6to 1.0×10^-2mol/L of Er³⁺.It has a very short response time（<10 s）,detection limit of 6.3×10^-7 mol/L and a good selectivity relative to a wide variety of other metal ions including common alkali,alkaline earth,heavy,and transition metal ions.It can be used in the pH range of 2.5-10.6 without any considerable divergence in potentials.The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the recovery of Er³⁺ ions spiked in tap and river water samples.     

银/金纳米线阵列表面增强拉曼基底的制备及对孔雀石绿的高灵敏度检测

利用种子介导的软模板生长方法制备了金纳米线(Au NWs)阵列, 通过调节生长温度控制Au NWs阵列的形貌, 最后在经硼氢化钠(NaBH₄)清洗过的Au NWs阵列上化学沉积银纳米颗粒(Ag NPs), 制得银/金纳米线(Ag/Au NWs)阵列作为表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)基底. 选用罗丹明6G(R6G)作为拉曼探针分子测定了Ag/Au NWs阵列的SERS性能. 结果表明, Ag/Au NWs阵列作为SERS基底具有高灵敏度、 优异的信号均匀性和良好的稳定性. 使用Ag/Au NWs阵列对孔雀石绿(MG)检测的检出限可低至1×10^-8 mol/L, 线性范围为 1×10^-8~1×10^-4 mol/L. NaBH₄可以在不影响SERS性能的情况下去除Ag/Au NWs阵列上吸附的分子, 使得 SERS基底可以重复使用. 使用Ag/Au NWs阵列对湖水中的MG进行检测, 得到了可靠的回收率, 证明Ag/Au NWs 阵列在检测环境水体中的孔雀石绿上具有应用潜力.     

Temperature effect on the kinetics of persulfate oxidation of p-chloroaniline

The kinetics of heat-facilitated persulfate oxidation of p-chloroaniline（PCA） in aqueous solutions was measured at five different temperature conditions and at four different oxidant concentrations.The PCA degradation was found to follow a pseudo-first-order decay model when the persulfate was excessive.The pseudo-first-order rate constants of PCA degradation by persulfate（50 mmol/ L） at pH 7.0 are 0.12×10^-4,0.28×10^-4,0.43×10^-4,0.83×10^-4,1.32×10^-4 s^-1 at 10,20,30,40 and 50℃,respectively. Under the above reaction conditions,the reaction has activation energy of 49.97 kJ/mol.The observed rate was found to be function of temperature and oxidant concentration.Raising temperature and increasing persulfate concentration can significantly accelerate the PCA degradation.     

Determination of L-phenylalanine by cucurbit[7]uril sensitized fluorescence quenching method

The determination method of L-phenylalanine（LPA） by fluorescence quenching was developed.The assay was based on the combination of the cucurbit[7]uril（CB[7]） with palmatine hydrochloride（PAL） reaction.In the presence of CB[7],the fluorescence of PAL was quenched by LPA which can be employed to detect LPA.Under the optimal conditions,a linear range 3.63×10^-8- 9.68×10^-6mol/L and a detection limit 1.27×10^-8mol/L of LPA were obtained.The relative standard deviation（R.S.D） was 1.8%obtained from a series of 11 standards each containing 6.05×10^-6 mol/L of LPA.This paper also discusses the mechanism of fluorescence indicator probe.     

碱性橙Ⅱ印迹传感器的制备及其应用

以纳米石墨烯和纳米银作为修饰材料修饰工作电极,制备一种以碱性橙Ⅱ为模板分子,邻氨基苯酚和邻苯二胺为复合功能单体的新型快速检测碱性橙Ⅱ的印迹传感器。运用紫外光谱法选择最佳功能单体,并研究了模板分子与功能单体之间的作用形式和作用强度,采用电化学分析法优化各种制备条件,用甲醇?0.4 mol/L NaOH水溶液（体积比2∶1）洗脱模板分子,得到分子印迹电极,并对印迹电极的分析性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,该印迹传感器对碱性橙Ⅱ具有高选择性,样品加标平均回收率为88.45%～101.40%,相对标准偏差（RSD）在1.31%～2.83%之间（n=5）,线性范围为3.0×10^-9～5.0×10^-5 mol/L,检出限为1.0×10^-9 mol/L。该传感器成功应用于食品中碱性橙Ⅱ残留的快速检测。     

一种具有荧光性质的阳离子Ga⁃MOF用于Fe3+和硝基化合物识别

通过溶剂热法合成了一种新型阳离子镓金属-有机框架Ga-MOF, 其化学式为[Ga₃O(H₂O)₃(TCA)₂]·NO₃·6DMF·2H₂O(JOU-27, H₃TCA=4,4′,4″-三苯胺三羧酸). 结构分析表明, JOU-27是基于氧心三核镓簇的三维微孔结构. 由于荧光配体H₃TCA的引入, JOU-27具有强的荧光发射强度, 因此可用于检测Fe³⁺离子和硝基芳香族化合物. 结果表明, 其对Fe³⁺的检出限低至2.22×10^-6 mol/L(Stern-Volmer常数K_SV=52823 L/mol); 当硝基苯(NB)浓度仅为3.27×10^-3 mol/L时, 荧光猝灭效率可达91%. 进一步的研究表明, JOU-27的猝灭性能可能与荧光共振能量转移(FRET)效应、 激发光吸收竞争以及骨架激发态与硝基芳烃化合物之间的电子转移有关.     

喹啉酮-香豆素类Hg2+比色荧光探针的合成及应用

设计合成了新型喹啉酮-香豆素类比色荧光探针7-二乙氨基-3-[3-(7-二乙氨基)香豆素基-3-氧代丙烯基]喹啉-2-酮(QCO), 用于检测水溶液中的Hg²⁺. 探针QCO对Hg²⁺表现出高选择性和强抗干扰性. 此外, Hg²⁺引起探针QCO溶液的颜色变化明显, 可裸眼识别. 比色法中, 吸收值比(A₅₀₀/A₃₈₀)与Hg²⁺浓度呈良好的线性关系, 其检出限为2.62×10^-8 mol/L. 荧光法中, 探针QCO对Hg²⁺的检出限为5.42×10^-8 mol/L. 经等摩尔变化( Job’s Plot)法、 质谱及红外光谱验证, 探针QCO与Hg²⁺形成络合比为1∶1(摩尔比)的络合物. 硅胶板实验和加标回收率实验结果表明, 探针QCO可用于检测实际水样中的Hg²⁺.     

银纳米片在无纺布纤维上的可控组装及其SERS效应

以无纺布(NWF)为支撑基体, 采用两步化学合成法在NWF上原位构建了由间隙为20~110 nm Ag纳米片(AgNS)组装成的AgNS@NWF微纳结构. 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明, AgNS@NWF具有特殊的层级结构, 该结构可用于表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)研究. 实验结果表明, AgNS@NWF微纳结构具有良好的SERS灵敏度和优异的信号可重现性. 将罗丹明6G(R6G)作为SERS探针分子, 发现R6G的SERS特征峰强度的对数值与R6G水溶液的浓度对数值呈良好的线性关系, 最低检测限可达1×10^?10 mol/L, 表明AgNS@NWF微纳结构具有良好的SERS灵敏度; 当R6G水溶液的浓度为1×10^?5, 1×10^?6和1×10^?7 mol/L时, 610 cm^?1处谱带拉曼散射强度的相对标准偏差分别为3.57%, 3.67% 和8.46%, 优于或接近于以往研究, 表明AgNS@NWF微纳结构具有优异的信号可重现性. 将3-巯基丙酸和三聚氰胺作为SERS的检测分子, 最低检测限分别为1×10^?5和1×10^?6 mol/L. 本文为制备灵敏度高、 信号可重现性优异的SERS基底提供了一种简单、 快速、 成本低廉的方法, 在生物检测和环境监测中具有潜在的应用价值.     

2-(2-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-C60的合成及在花椰菜花叶病毒启动子DNA传感检测中的应用

通过1,3-偶极[3＋2]环加成反应, 合成了2-(2-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-C₆₀吡咯烷衍生物(HMP-C₆₀); 采用红外光谱、 紫外吸收光谱、 元素分析和液相色谱-质谱联用技术对产物的化学结构进行了表征. 基于该衍生物具有功能性的含氮和含氧基团, 通过滴涂法将其修饰在玻碳电极表面上, 并以Zr⁴⁺为桥联试剂将探针DNA通过 5′-PO₄^{3 -}组装到HMP-C₆₀修饰电极表面, 构建了基于HMP-C₆₀修饰电极的电化学DNA传感器. 以[Fe(CN)₆]^3-/4-为电活性探针, 对不同修饰电极进行了电化学表征, 并采用电化学交流阻抗法考察了该传感器对花椰菜花叶病毒(CaMV35S)启动子特征片段的分析性能. 实验结果表明, 在1.0×10^-13 ~ 1.0×10^-9 mol/L浓度范围内, 该电化学传感器电子转移阻抗变化值(ΔR_et)与目标序列浓度对数(lgc_S2)呈现良好的线性关系, 检出限为4.0×10^-14 mol/L (S/N=3). 该传感器能有效识别完全互补序列、 碱基错配序列和非互补序列, 表现出良好的选择性.     

荧光素及四碘荧光素水溶液产氢的光化学研究

荧光素水溶液(浓度1×10^-4mol/L,pH 12.5)的荧光能为三乙醇胺(TEOA)所猝灭,其规律符合Stern-Volmer方程.荧光素的单重激发态的猝灭产物,荧光素的还原态,能够在氯铂酸钾(K₂PtCl₆)的存在下还原水产氢.但荧光寿命短(7.0ns),产氢的量子产率只有0.024.四碘荧光素由于有重原子效应,其单重激发态通过系间窜越转变成三重激发态,再和TEOA反应生成还原态去还原水产氢.由于磷光寿命长(～10^-3s),产氢的量子产率达0.30.     

同步-导数-化学除氧微乳状液增稳室温磷光法测定痕量荧蒽与屈的研究

同步－导数－化学除氧微乳状液增稳室温磷光法测定痕量荧蒽与屈的研究杨欣,董川,晋卫军,魏雁声,刘长松（山西大学化学系,大原,０３０００６）关键词同步－导致－化学除氧微乳液增稳室温磷光法,荧蒽,屈Ｒａｍｏｓ等［１］于１９８８年提出了微乳状液增稳室温磷光法...     

A Selective and Sensitive Fluorescence Probe for Se(Ⅳ) Based on Fluorescence Quenching of Gatifloxacin

A novel high selective and sensitive fluorescence probe termed gatifloxacin was discovered based on fluorescence "on-off" phenomenon in the presence of Se(Ⅳ). In the Tris-HCl/acetonitrile(3:7, volume ratio, Tris-HCl 0.05 mol/L, pH=7.3) sys-tem, the fluorescence intensity of gatifloxacin was linearly decreased with the concentration increase of Se(Ⅳ) in a range of 1.0×10^-5-5.0×10^-5 mol/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.9979(R²=0.9958) and in a range of 5.0×10^-5-1.0×10^-4 mol/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.9973(R²=0.9946). The detection limit of Se(Ⅳ) was 1.70×10^-6 mol/L.     

高选择性快速识别汞(Ⅱ)离子的磺酰腙型探针的合成及在吸附中的应用

以苯磺酰肼和1-芘甲醛为原料,设计合成了一种结构简单的可快速识别汞(Ⅱ)离子(Hg²⁺)的磺酰腙型荧光探针(Z)-N’-(芘-1-基亚甲基)苯磺酰腙(BSB),并通过氢核磁共振波谱仪(¹H NMR)对其结构进行了表征。BSB对Hg²⁺展示出高选择性、专一性和快速响应性,检测限为2.07×10^-7mol/L,响应时间仅需15 s。通过job’s曲线,¹H NMR滴定实验和高分辨率质谱(HRMS)对响应机理进行了探究,并且BSB可以检测不同水样中的Hg²⁺。有趣的是,将BSB和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)相掺杂制备出了对Hg²⁺具有高去除性能的新型高分子材料(PAM-BSB),去除率达到99.63%,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对PAM-BSB吸附前后的微观形貌进行了观察。     

Facile synthesis of enzyme functional metal-organic framework for colorimetric detecting H2O2 and ascorbic acid

In this work,a metal-organic frameworks material MIL-88 was prepared easily using solvent-thermal method,and was first found to have catalytic activities similar to those of biological enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase.The material was characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,EDX,FT-IR techniques and an N_2 adsorption method.It exhibited peroxidase-like activity through catalytic oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB) in the presence of H_2O_2,producing a blue-colored solution.Under optimal conditions,the absorbance at 652 nm is linearly correlated with the concentration of H_2O_2 from 2.0×10~(-6) mol/L to 2.03×10~(-5) mol/L(R~2=0.981) with a detection limit of 5.62×10~(-7) mol/L(S/N=3).More importantly,a sensitive and selective method for ascorbic acid detection was developed using this material as a catalyst.The analytical method for ascorbic acid detection was observed to have a linear range from 2.57×10~(-6) mol/L to 1.01×10~(-5) mol/L(R~2=0.989) with a detection limit of 1.03×10~(-6) mol/L(S/N=3).This work suggests MOFs have advantages of preparing biomimetic catalysts and extends applications of the functional MOFs in the field of biosensor.     

化学发光新体系NaIO4-H2O2-痕量环己烷-多羟基酚的研究及其应用

近年来,一些无机氧化剂在氧化有机物时伴随的化学发光现象引起了分析工作者的广泛兴趣[1,2].NaIO4氧化H2O2会产生弱化学发光,不同的多羟基酚类物质能不同程度地增强这一化学发光行为,据此建立了测定多羟基酚的化学发光法.目前,利用该法测定的酚主要有苯酚[3]、酚的衍生物[4]和连苯三酚[5,6].本文建立的测定连苯三酚的方法检测限较王伦等[3]的利用苯酚对Luminol-H2O2发光体系猝灭作用测定工业废水及Ermiridis[5]以IO4-在碱性介质中直接氧化连苯三酚的检测限低两个数量级,且扩大了测定酚的种类.研究发现,一些非极性有机溶剂对这一化学发光亦有增强和增稳作用,而痕量非极性溶剂由于在水中的溶解性较差,对化学发光的作用尚未受到注意.     

铕-四环素-TOPO-十二烷基磺酸钠荧光体系及四环素测定的研究

广谱抗菌素四环素是一种亲癌化合物,近年来已成为诊断、治疗肿瘤的一种重要的荧光探针,并用于临床检查和治疗中。已报道的检测四环素的极谱、比色、色谱、紫外分光光度、荧光和微生物等法大多复杂且费时。而四环素能与Eu~(3+)形成稳定螯合物,且四环素-Eu~(3+)-TOPO-十二烷基磺酸钠多元络合物体系能发射很强的Eu~(3+)的特征荧光,所以我们提出了用上述多元络合物荧光体系来检测四环素的新的荧光方法,并将该法用于人体血清和尿中四环素的测定。结果表明,该法的检出限为1.2×10~(-8)mol/L,比Eu~(3+)-四环素二元荧光体系的灵敏度约提高两个数量级,且具有简便、快速等特点。     

一种新型比色荧光双通道水相检测氰根离子的化学传感器

合成了一种新型的,能在含水介质中比色荧光双通道单一选择性识别CN^-的传感器分子1-羟基萘甲叉酰肼乙基-3-羟基萘甲叉酰肼甲基苯并咪唑溴鎓盐(J1)。 在J1的DMSO/H₂O (体积比3:2)HEPES 的缓冲体系(pH=7.2)中分别加入F^-、Cl^-、Br^-、I^-、AcO^-、HSO₄^-、ClO₄^-、H₂PO₄^-、SCN^-和CN^-等阴离子后,只有CN^-的加入会使得溶液颜色发生明显的变化,由无色变为深黄色。 相应地在J1的DMSO/H₂O (体积比4:1)HEPES的缓冲体系(pH=7.2)中加入CN^-,溶液发出明亮的黄色荧光。 这一识别过程,不会受到其它阴离子的干扰。 紫外-可见光谱的最低检测限为1.57×10^-7 mol/L,检测线性范围为3.875×10^-4~2.15×10^-2 mol/L。 荧光光谱的最低检测限为4.63×10^-6 mol/L,检测线性范围为0.8×10^-4~1.60×10^-3 mol/L。 此结果表明,J1是一种良好的用于识别 CN^-的化学传感器,在含水介质中对CN^-具有选择性好、灵敏度高以及抗干扰性强的识别性能。 与此同时,基于J1对于CN^-的高选择性识别我们制备了CN^-的检测试纸,该试纸能够方便、快捷、准确地检测水中的CN^-。     

Electroanalysis and simultaneous determination of dopamine and epinephrine at poly(isonicotinic acid)-modified carbon paste electrode in the presence of ascorbic acid

A carbon paste electrode modified with electropolymerized fills of isonicotinic acid was developed.The modified electrode shows excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of both dopamine(DA)and epinephrine(EP).Separation of the reduction peak potentials for dopamine and epinephrine was about 357 mV in pH 5.3 phosphate buffer solution(PBS)and the character was used for the detection DA and EP simultaneously.The peak currents increase linearly with DA and EP concentration over the range of 8.0×10-5 to 7.0×10-4 mol/L and 5.0×10-6 to 1.0×10-4 mol/L with detection limits of 2 × 10-5 and 1×10-6 mol/L,respectively.The interference studies showed that the modified electrode exhibits excellent selectivity in the presence of large excess of ascorbic acid(AA).