抗抑郁化合物SIPI5838和环糊精分子非共价复合物的研究

报道了用电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS), 并结合紫外分光光度法及溶解度实验, 研究一种新型的具有自主知识产权的抗抑郁化合物SIPI5838与α-环糊精(CD)和β-环糊精(CD)分子生成的非共价复合物. 质谱测量结果表明, 在溶液中, SIPI5838分子可以与环糊精分子之间生成非共价复合物, 且两者之间的配比关系为1∶1. 这些非共价复合物的形成可以显著地提高这种抗抑郁化合物在水溶液中的溶解度, 使得它作为高效的口服或注射药物成为可能. 另外, 还用紫外分光光度法和溶解度实验对液相中非共价复合物的形成进行了辅助研究, 这些结果均显示了非共价复合物的生成. 根据溶解度实验结果, 计算了SIPI5838和两种环糊精分子在液相中的生成常数, 它们分别为SIPI5838-β-环糊精: 1.83×103 mol－1•L, SIPI5838-α-环糊精: 3.15×101 mol－1•L. 两种非共价复合物的稳定程度为β-环糊精-SIPI5838＞α-环糊精-SIPI5838.     

哌嗪衍生物SIPI5357与环糊精分子非共价复合物的制备与分析

报道了用电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)和紫外光谱(UV)等方法研究一种具有抗抑郁活性的芳烷醇哌嗪类化合物SIPI5357与α-环糊精(α-CD)和β环糊精(βCD)制备得到的非共价复合物.质谱分析结果显示,SIPI5357分子可以与环糊精分子以1:1的关系生成非共价复合物.使用紫外分光光度法对液相中非共价复合物的形成进行了辅助研究,得到了同样的结果.溶解度实验表明,这些非共价复合物的形成可以显著地提高此哌嗪类化合物在水溶液中的溶解度,使得它作为高效的口服或注射药物成为可能.此外,根据溶解度实验的结果,还计算了SIPI5357和两种环糊精分子在液相中的生成常数,它们分别为β-环糊精-SIPI5357:262 L/mol/L,α-环糊精-SIPI5357:63.4 L/mol/L. 两种非共价复合物的稳定程度为β-环糊精-SIPI5357>α-环糊精-SIPI5357.     

哌嗪衍生物和环糊精分子非共价作用的分析

采用电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)和核磁共振谱(1HNMR)等方法研究了抗抑郁哌嗪衍生物化合物SIPI5838,SIPI5357和SIPI5358与α-,β-或γ-环糊精(CD)分子生成的非共价复合物及其键合位点。质谱分析结果表明,在水溶液中,SIPI5838分子可以与α-,β-或γ-环糊精分子通过反应生成非共价复合物,其中与β-环糊精可以生成配合比为1:1或1:2的非共价复合物,与α-或γ-环糊精分子则生成配合比为1:1的非共价复合物。SIPI5357与α-,β-或γ-环糊精(CD)分子仅生成配合比为1:1的非共价复合物。核磁共振谱(1HNMR)表明,α-环糊精主要与SIPI5838分子中的苯基结合,β-环糊精可同时与SIPI5838分子中的苯基和萘基结合配合比1:2的非共价复合物,而γ-环糊精则主要与SIPI5838分子中的萘基结合。溶解度实验表明,SIPI5358与α-,β-及γ-环糊精在液相中的结合常数分别为15.4,29.2和175.2mol/L。     

抗抑郁化合物SIPI5358与环糊精形成的非共价复合物

用电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)和串级质谱(MS/MS),并结合紫外光谱、荧光光谱等方法,研究一种芳烷醇哌嗪类抗抑郁化合物SIPI5358与α-、β-、γ-环糊精(CD)制备得到的非共价复合物.质谱分析结果显示,SIPI5358分子可以和α-CD生成配合比为1∶1的非共价复合物,而与β-、γ-CD生成不同配合比的非共价复合物.串级质谱的结果进一步验证β-CD与SIPI5358非共价复合物的组成.用紫外光谱和荧光光谱实验对液相中非共价复合物的形成进行了辅助研究,结果均再次验证了非共价复合物的生成.荧光光谱实验测得SIPI5358与β-CD反应的生成常数Kf=3.45×103 mol.L-1.     

光谱法结合分子对接研究环糊精对苏丹红Ⅳ的增溶作用

通过相溶解度方法研究了β-环糊精(β-CD)与七-(2,6-二-O-甲基)-β-环糊精(DM-β-CD)对苏丹红染料Ⅰ~Ⅳ的增溶。紫外可见光谱数据表明,β-CD与DM-β-CD浓度的增加对于苏丹红I~III的溶解度并无影响,但可以增加苏丹红Ⅳ的水溶性。实验结果表明,溶液中β-CD或DM-β-CD能够与苏丹红IV形成化学计量比为1:1的非共价复合物,从而增加苏丹红IV的溶解度。通过分子对接研究可知,疏水与氢键作用是苏丹红IV同β-CD或DM-β-CD形成复合物的驱动力。     

相溶解度法研究不同环糊精对蛇床子素的增溶作用

通过测定蛇床子素(OST)在不同浓度的β-环糊精(-βCD)、羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP--βCD)、甲基-β-环糊精(M--βCD)中的溶解度,绘制出蛇床子素的相溶解度曲线,得到蛇床子素在三种环糊精中的相溶解度曲线均为AL型,说明蛇床子素与环糊精以1∶1包合,其表观结合常数分别为296.0 L.mol-14、41.8 L.mol-1、397.9 L.mol-1。实验结果表明,羟丙基-β-环糊精、甲基-β-环糊精对蛇床子素的增溶作用要优于β-环糊精。     

meso-四-(2-噻吩基)铜卟啉-环糊精超分子体系的光谱学研究

以紫外可见分光光度法和荧光光谱法研究了非水溶性meso-四-（2-噻吩基）铜卟啉（简称Cu—TTP）与四种环糊精α—CD、β—CD、γ—CD、TM—β—CD相互作用形成的超分子体系，结果表明Cu-TTP与TM-β-CD形成了1：2的包结物，而与其它三种环糊精主要形成1：1的包结物。在α—CD、β—CD、γ-CD三种母体环糊精中，α—CD与Cu—TTP的包结常数最大；β-CD与其衍生物TM-β-CD相比，TM-β-CD与Cu—TTP的包结常数较大。本文对四种环糊精和Cu-TTP的包结机理作了初步探讨。为铜卟啉和环糊精的相互作用及其超分子体系的研究提供了基础。     

电喷雾离子化飞行时间质谱研究鸡蛋清溶菌酶与β－环糊精 的新型复合物

运用电喷雾离子化飞行时间质谱分析鸡蛋清溶菌酶与β－环糊精的复合物。通过减少β－环糊精的配制浓度至原来的1/5,发现形成1:2和1:3复合比的溶菌酶-β-环糊精复合物的离丰度减弱,但化学计量比为1:1的复合物变化不大,证明该新型复合物为非特异性非共价复合物。此外还对质谱参数、分析条件对复合物离子化的影响作了详尽的考察,得出在nozzle电压为200V时复合物信号最强,在不影响生物分子高级结构的前提下添加少量的有机溶剂如甲醇、乙腈等能较明显地改善质谱信号。     

气相中环糊精与甘氨酰-苯丙氨酰-苯丙氨酸和甘氨酸三肽非共价复合物的质谱研究

为了探索环糊精和寡肽的非共价相互作用, 一定化学计量比的α-, β-, γ-环糊精(CD)分别和甘氨酸三肽(GGG)、甘氨酰-苯丙氨酰-苯丙氨酸三肽(GFF)在室温下反应达到平衡并用正离子模式质谱检测. 实验结果显示GGG, GFF均可以和α-, β-, γ-CD生成1:1配合比的非共价复合物. 碰撞诱导解离实验进一步验证了α-, β-, γ-CD与GGG, GFF非共价复合物的形成. 质谱滴定法测得的结合常数结果表明环糊精和两种三肽形成非共价复合物的结合强度均按照γ-, β-, γ-CD的次序逐渐增大. GGG和α-, β-, γ-CD复合物的结合常数分别为2799.96, 2528.73, 1697.11 L·mol^-1, GFF和α-, β-, γ-CD复合物的结合常数分别为2773.94, 2134.03, 1330.68 L·mol^-1. 对于α-, β-或γ-CD, 含有苯基的GFF+CD复合物的结合强度要小于相应的脂肪族的GGG+CD复合物, 表明虽然在气相GFF+CD复合物的构象与溶液中的构象有所变化, 但是苯基仍然参与和环糊精疏水腔体的键合作用.     

β-环糊精与青蒿素类药物非共价复合物的电喷雾质谱研究

采用电喷雾飞行时间质谱(ESI-TOF-MS)技术,对β-环糊精与3种青蒿素类药物所形成的复合物进行研究,在正离子检测方式下,将β-环糊精与青蒿素类药物等体积比混合后直接进样,然后利用源内碰撞诱导解离(CID)技术对其复合物进行分析.实验表明,在气相中,该非共价复合物可以稳定存在,其化学计量比分别为1∶ 1和2∶ 1.运用该法测定了1∶ 1包络物的结合常数,考察了质谱条件及溶液条件对形成包络物的影响,通过比较结合常数的大小,探讨了β-环糊精与青蒿素类药物在气相状态下的作用方式.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.