态|Ψn(2)>q的广义非线性等阶N次方H压缩效应

构造了一种新型的多模叠加态|Ψ_n⁽²⁾>_q=C_n^(R)|{-iZ_j^*}>_q+C_n⁽⁰⁾|{O_j}>_q;并首次详细地研究了此量子态的等阶N次方H压缩特性.大量的计算和分析表明:态|Ψ_n⁽²⁾>_q是一种多模典型的非经典光场;还发现了"相似压缩"等现象.     

Nucleon momentum distributions and elastic electron scattering form factors for some 1p-shell nuclei

The nucleon momentum distributions (NMD) and elastic electron scattering form factors of the ground state for 1p-shell nuclei with Z?=?N (such as ⁶Li, ¹⁰B, ¹²C and ¹⁴N nuclei) have been calculated in the framework of the coherent density fluctuation model (CDFM) and expressed in terms of the weight function $\left| {f( x )} \right|^2$ . The weight function has been expressed in terms of nucleon density distribution (NDD) of the nuclei and determined from the theory and the experiment. The feature of the long-tail behaviour at high-momentum region of the NMDs has been obtained by both the theoretical and experimental weight functions. The experimental form factors F(q) of all the considered nuclei are very well reproduced by the present calculations for all values of momentum transfer q. It is found that the contributions of the quadrupole form factors F _C2(q) in ¹⁰B and ¹⁴N nuclei, which are described by the undeformed p-shell model, are essential for obtaining a remarkable agreement between the theoretical and experimental form factors.     

第Ⅰ种强度不对称三态叠加多模叠加态光场N次方Y压缩—第一正交相位分量的压缩情况

根据量子力学中的线性叠加原理,构造了由三个强度不等的多模相干态光场|{Z_j^(A)}>_q、|{Z_j^(B)}>_q和|{Z_j^(C)}>_q的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅰ种强度不对称三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q.利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q的第一正交方分量(即磁场分量)的广义非线性等幂次N次方Y压缩特性.结果发现:①在上述各多模相干态光场中各模的强度和各模的初始相位各不相等的情况下,态|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q的第一正交分量-磁场分量在一定的条件下,总可呈现出周期性变化的、任意等幂次的N次方Y压缩效应;②当上述各多模相干态光场的强度和各模的初始相位相等时,态|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q的磁场分量的N次方Y压缩现象消失,态|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q可恒处于等幂次N-Y最小测不准态.     

Radiactiv corrections to deeply virtual compton scattering

The non-commuting matrix elements of matrices from the quantum group GL _q(2;C) with q = being the n-th root of unity are given a representation as operators in Hilbert space with help of C ₄ ⁽ⁿ⁾ generalized Clifford algebra generators.The case of q C, |q| = 1 is treated parallelly.     

On the normalization of the Gamov resonant wave function in the configuration space

The regularization of the normalization integral for the resonant wave function, proposed by Zeldovich, is valid only when |Req _res| > |Imq _res|. A new normalization procedure is proposed and implemented, which is valid when this condition fails. First, an arbitrarily normalized vertex function g(k) is calculated using the formula with the potential V(r) in the integrand. This Fourier integral converges for a potential with the asymptotics V(r) → constr ^?n exp(?μr) if |Imq _res| < μ/2. Then the function g(k) is normalized using the generalized normalization rule, which is independent of the resonance pole position. The proposed method is approved by the example of calculation for a virtual triton.     

第Ⅱ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场等幂次2m+1次方Y压缩

构造了由多模虚相干态|{iZ_j}>_q、多模虚相干态的相反态|{-iZ_j}>_q和多模真空态|{O_j}>_q这三种不同的量子光场态的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅱ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ₂⁽³⁾>_q.利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|ψ₂⁽³⁾>_q的广义非线性等幂次2m+1次方Y压缩特性.结果发现:在压缩次数N=2m+1(m=0,1,2,3,…,…)的条件下,只要各模的初始相位和态间的初始相位差分别满足一定的取值条件,态|ψ₂⁽³⁾>_q就可呈现出周期性变化的、任意奇数次的广义非线性等幂次N次方Y压缩效应.     

第Ⅰ类多模叠加态|ψ1(3)〉q中广义磁场的高次和压缩

构造了由多模相干态|{Z_j} > _q、多模真空态|{O_j} >_q和多模相干态的相反态|{-Z_j} > _q三者的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅰ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ₁⁽³⁾ > _q,利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|ψ₁⁽³⁾ > _q中广义磁场分量的等幂次高次和压缩效应.结果发现:态|ψ₁⁽³⁾ > _q是一种典型的三态叠加多模非经典光场;当各模的初始相位和 满足一定的取值条件、并且态|ψ₁⁽³⁾〉_q中任意两态的态间初始相位差(θ_pq^(R)-θ_0q⁽⁰⁾)、(θ_nq^(R)-θ_0q⁽⁰⁾)和(θ_pq^(R)-θ_nq^(R))等分别在各自的闭区间内连续变化时,则态|ψ₁⁽³⁾ > _q的广义磁场分量(即第一正交相位分量)总可分别呈现出周期性变化的、等幂次的奇数模-偶数次、偶数模-奇数次、偶数模-偶数次或者奇数模-奇数次的高次和压缩效应.     

Quantum integrable systems related to lie algebras

Some quantum integrable finite-dimensional systems related to Lie algebras are considered. This review continues the previous review of the same authors [83] devoted to the classical aspects of these systems. The dynamics of some of these systems is closely related to free motion in symmetric spaces. Using this connection with the theory of symmetric spaces some results such as the forms of spectra, wave functions, S-matrices, quantum integrals of motion are derived. In specific cases the considered systems describe the one-dimensional n-body systems interacting pairwise via potentials g²v(q) of the following 5 types: v_I(q) = q^?2, v_II(q) = sinh^?2q, v_III(q) = sin^?2q, $\text{v}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>IV</mtext>}}\text{(q) =}\text{P}\text{(q)}$, v_V(q) = q^?2 + ω²q². Here $\text{P}\text{(q)}$ is the Weierstrass function, so that the first three cases are merely subcases of the fourth. The system characterized by the Toda nearest-neighbour potential exp(q_jq_{j+ 1}) is moreover considered.This review presents from a general and universal point of view results obtained mainly over the past fifteen years. Besides, it contains some new results both of physical and mathematical interest.     

Z-dependence of the intensity of |Δn|=2 pionic X-rays

The intensity per stopped π^?of|Δn|=2 pionic X-rays are observed to have larger variations with atomic number Z than do the |Δn|=1. The 6–4 intensity has a well-defined maximum at Z=34 with a FWHM of ΔZ ～10.     

Quantum maps

We quantize area-preserving maps M of the phase plane q, p by devising a unitary operator $\text{U}$ transforming states | φ_n〉 into | φ_n+1〉. The result is a system with one degree of freedom q on which to study the quantum implications of generic classical motion, including stochasticity. We derive exact expressions for the equation iterating wavefunctions ψ_n(q), the propagator for Wigner functions W_n(q,p), the eigenstates of the discrete analog of the quantum harmonic oscillator, and general complex Gaussian wave packets iterated by a $\text{U}$ derived from a linear M. For | ψ_n〉 associated with curves $\text{L}$_n in q, p, we derive a semiclassical theory for evolving states and stationary states, analogous to the familiar WKB method. This theory breaks down when $\text{L}$_n gets so complicated as to develop convolutions of area ? or smaller. Such complication is generic; its principal morphotologies are“whorls” and “tendrils,” associated respectively with elliptic and hyperbolic fixed points of M. Under $\text{U}$, ψ_n(q) eventually transforms into a new sort of wave that no longer perceives the details of $\text{L}$_n. For all regimes, however, the smoothed | ψ_n(q)|² appears semiclassically appears to be given accurately by the smoothed projection of $\text{L}$_n onto the q axis, both smoothings being over a de Broglie wavelength. The classical, quantum, and semiclassical theory is illustrated by computations on the discrete quartic oscillator map. We display for the first time stochastic wavefunctions, dominated by dense clusters of caustics and characterized by multiple scales of oscillation.     

一种新型的两态叠加多模叠加态光场的广义非线性等阶N次方Y压缩

本文根据量子力学中的线性叠加原理,构造了由多模(即q模)相干态的相反态|{-Z_j}〉_q及多模虚相干态的相反态|{-iZ_j}〉_q这两者的线性叠加所组成的一种新型的两态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q.利用新近建立的多模辐射场的广义非线性等阶高阶压缩理论,研究了态|ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q的广义非线性等阶N次方Y压缩特性.结果发现,1)当压缩阶数N=2P且P=2m(m=1,2,3,…,…)时,态|ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q恒处于N-Y最小测不准态;2)当N=2P且P=2m’+1(m’=0,1,2,…,…)时,如果各模的初始相位φ_j、态间的初始相位差与各单模相干态光场的平均光子数之和∑_j=1^qR_j²即[(θ_pq^(R)-θ_nq^(I))-∑_j=1^qR_j²]满足一定的量子化条件,态|ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q可呈现周期性变化的、任意阶的等阶N次方Y压缩效应;3)当N为奇数时,态|ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q在一定条件下恒处于N-Y测不准态;4)态|ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q与文献21中的态|ψ⁽²⁾〉_q出现部分压缩简并现象,从而更进一步表明压缩简并现象的存在是有某种客观内在联系的.     

第I种非对称三态叠加多模叠加态光场的高次和压缩——第一正交分量的N次方H压缩效应

构造了第孙中禹种强度不等的非对称三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ₁^(ABC)〉_q.利用多模压缩态理论研究了态|ψ₁^(ABC)〉_q第一正交分量高次和压缩.结果发现:①当构成态|ψ₁^(ABC)〉_q的三个多模相干态光场的强度不相等时,在一定条件下,态|ψ₁^(ABC)〉_q的第一正交分量可出现任意幂次的高次和压缩.②当上述的三个多模相干态光场强度相等时,态|ψ₁^(ABC)〉_q的第一正交分量的高次和压缩现象消失.在这种情况下,态|ψ₁^(ABC)〉_q的第一正交分量恒处于NH最小测不准态.     

第Ⅱ类两态叠加多模叠加态光场的非线性高阶压缩特性研究

本文根据量子力学中的线性叠加原理,构造了由多模(即q模)虚相干态|{iZ_j}>_q及其相反态|{-iZ_j}>_q的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅱ类两态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ₂⁽²⁾>_q.利用新近建立的有关双模及多模辐射场的非线性高阶压缩理论,首次对态|ψ₂⁽²⁾>_q的两种非线性高阶压缩(即N次方Y压缩和N次方H压缩)效应进行了详细研究。结果表明:1)当N为奇数时,如果各模的初始相位满足一定的量子化条件,而态间的初始相位差在其态间压缩区内连续变化;或者态间的初始相位差取某一特定值,而各模的初始相位在其腔模压缩区内连续变化时,态|ψ₂⁽²⁾>_q就会呈现出周期性变化的、任意阶的N次方Y压缩效应。2)当q·N为奇数时,如果各模的初始相位和满足一定的量子化条件,而态间的初始相位差在上述的态间压缩区内连续变化;或者态间的初始相位差取上述的某一固定值,而各模的初始相位和在其腔模和压缩区内连续变化时,态|ψ₂⁽²⁾>_q就呈现出周期性变化的、任意阶的N次方H压缩效应。3)与文献10相比,态|ψ₂⁽²⁾>_q与态|ψ(2)1>_q这两者之间的压缩情况正好相反。     

Qualitative theory of three-dimensional rotator model

The 3-dimensional planar rotator (PR) model with short-range interaction is studied in the “harmonic” approximation where spin wave and vortex loop (VL) system decouple. The phase transition (PT) occuring in the PR-model is studied via the correlation and stability properties of the VL-system for which a tentative phase diagram is set up. Under the assumption that the PT of the PR-model is continuous an ansatz for the “dielectric” function ?_q of the VL-system is made which leads at criticality simultaneously to scaling of the VL-system and of the PR-model. Physical arguments are given to justify the dimensional properties of ?_q which led to this result. The critical exponents for the VL-system in usual notation are η_L=1, and γ_L=v_L=0. The latter represent logarithmic singularities, i.e., ?₀～–ln|τ|^z_γ, and κ～–1/ln|τ|^z_v. The critical expon ents of the PR-model can be expressed in terms of those of the VL-system. The low and high-temperature correlation functions are given. It is shown that only in the presence of an anisotropy field, e.g., a magnetic field, the low temperature correlation function decays exponentially. The relation between the PR-model, and the melting of crystals is briefly discussed.     

第Ⅲ及第Ⅳ类两态叠加多模叠加态光场的等阶N次方Y压缩与等阶N次方H压缩——兼论“相似压缩”与“压缩简并”现象

本文根据量子力学中的线性叠加原理,分别构造了由多模(即q模)相干态|{Z_j}>_q与多模真空态|{0_j}>_q以及由多模相干态的相反态|{-Z_j}>_q与多模真空态|{0_j}>_q等的线性叠加所组成的第及第类两态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ_+,3⁽²⁾>_q和|ψ_-,4⁽²⁾>_q.利用新近建立的多模压缩态理论,首次对态|ψ_+,3⁽²⁾>_q及态|ψ_-,4⁽²⁾>_q的广义非线性等阶N次方Y压缩和等阶N次方H压缩特性进行了详细研究.结果发现:1)态|ψ_+,3⁽²⁾>_q及态|ψ_-,4⁽²⁾>_q是两种典型的多模非经典光场,当各模的初始相位φ_j(j=1,2,3,…,q)或者各模的初始相位和 =φ_j以及态间的初始相位差(θ_±^(R)-θ^(0)_±)等分别满足一些特定的量子化条件时,态|ψ_+,3⁽²⁾>_q及态|ψ_-,4⁽²⁾>_q均可呈现出周期性变化的、任意阶的等阶N次方Y压缩效应和等阶N次方H压缩效应;2)当组成态|ψ_+,3⁽²⁾>_q及态|ψ_-,4⁽²⁾>_q的各对应复几率幅不相等亦即C₊^(R)≠C_-^(R)和C₊⁽⁰⁾≠C_-⁽⁰⁾时,态|ψ_+,3⁽²⁾>_q及态|ψ_-,4⁽²⁾>_q这两者的压缩条件和压缩特征虽然相同,但其压缩幅度(即压缩程度和压缩深度)却不相等,这种现象称为“相似压缩”;3)当组成态|ψ_+,3⁽²⁾>_q及态|ψ_-,4⁽²⁾>_q的各对应复几率幅相等亦即C₊^(R)=C_-^(R)和C₊⁽⁰⁾=C_-⁽⁰⁾时,态|ψ_+,3⁽²⁾>_q及态|ψ_-,4⁽²⁾>_q这两种截然不同的多模叠加态光场不仅具有完全相同的压缩条件和压缩特征,而且还具有完全相等的压缩幅度,这种现象就称为“压缩简并”.     

Exact Potts Model Partition Functions for Strips of the Triangular Lattice

We present exact calculations of the Potts model partition function Z(G,q,v) for arbitrary q and temperature-like variable v on n-vertex strip graphs G of the triangular lattice for a variety of transverse widths equal to L vertices and for arbitrarily great length equal to m vertices, with free longitudinal boundary conditions and free and periodic transverse boundary conditions. These partition functions have the form Z(G,q,v)= $\sum _{j = 1}^{N_{Z,G,\lambda } }$ c _z,G,j (λ _z,G,j ) ^m-1. We give general formulas for N _Z,G,j and its specialization to v=?1 for arbitrary L. The free energy is calculated exactly for the infinite-length limit of the graphs, and the thermodynamics is discussed. It is shown how the internal energy calculated for the case of cylindrical boundary conditions is connected with critical quantities for the Potts model on the infinite triangular lattice. Considering the full generalization to arbitrary complex q and v, we determine the singular locus ${\mathcal{B}}$ , arising as the accumulation set of partition function zeros as m→∞, in the q plane for fixed v and in the v plane for fixed q. Explicit results for partition functions are given in the text for L=3 (free) and L=3, 4 (cylindrical), and plots of partition function zeros and their asymptotic accumulation sets are given for L up to 5. A new estimate for the phase transition temperature of the q=3 Potts antiferromagnet on the 2D triangular lattice is given.     

A new finite-dimensional pair coherent state studied by virtue of the entangled state representation and its statistical behavior

In this paper we construct a new type of finite-dimensional pair coherent states |ξ, q〉 as realizations of SU(2) Lie algebra. Using the technique of integration within an ordered product of operator, the nonorthogonality and completeness properties of the state |ξ, q〉 are investigated. Based on the Wigner operator in the entangled state |τ〉 representation, the Wigner function of |ξ, q〉 is obtained. The properties of |ξ, q〉 are discussed in terms of the negativity of its Wigner function. The tomogram of |ξ, q〉 is calculated with the aid of the Radon transform between the Wigner operator and the projection operator of the entangled state |η, κ₁, κ₂〉. In addition, using the entangled state |τ〉 representation of |ξ, q〉 to show that the states |ξ, q〉 are just a set of energy eigenstates of time-independent two coupled oscillators.     

A multi-channel scattering theory for some time dependent Hamiltonians,charge transfer problem

Scattering theory for time dependent HamiltonianH(t)=?(1/2) Δ+ΣV _j (x?q _j (t)) is discussed. The existence, asymptotic orthogonality and the asymptotic completeness of the multi-channel wave operators are obtained under the conditions that the potentials are short range: |V _j (x)|≦C _j (1+|x|)^?2?ε, roughly spoken; and the trajectoriesq _j (t) are straight lines at remote past and far future, and |q _j (t)?q _k (t)| → ∞ ast → ± ∞ (j≠k).     

Millimeter-wave spectrum of the C4v molecule IOF5: l-type doubling of the kl = −1 transitions in the v11(E) = 1 state spectrum

Measurements of the rotational spectrum of the C_4v molecule IOF₅ are reported for the excited vibrational state v₁₁(E) = 1 for the transitions J13 ← 12, 14 ← 13, 16 ← 15, and 17 ← 16 (55–72 GHz) including the observation of the kl = −1 (q⁻), l-doubling effect. Detailed assignments of the E-state spectrum are presented based on the overlapping quadrupole structure. These data are analyzed together with earlier results for the excited vibrational state v₆(B₁) = 1 to give information concerning the ν₆(B₁)-ν₁₁(E) Coriolis interaction and the (Δl, Δk) = (2, 2) (q⁺) and (2, −2) (q⁻)l-resonance interactions. It is found that q₁₁⁻ = −2.57(10) MHz, |q₁₁⁺| = 0.094(20) MHz, Δ = ν₆ − ν₁₁ = 45.2(7) cm⁻, ζ_11,11^z = +0.18(1) and |ζ_6,11^y| = 0.73(4).     

态|ψ5(3)〉q中广义电场的2(2m+1)次方Y压缩特性

利用多模压缩态理论,研究了由多模复共轭相干态|{Z_j^*}〉_q(j =1,2,3,…,…,q)、多模复共轭相干态的相反态|{-Z_j^*}〉_q和多模虚相干态|{iZ_{j}〉q的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅴ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ5⁽³⁾〉q中广义电场分量的等幂次N次方Y压缩特性 .结果发现 :当压缩次数N=2 p且p=2m+1(m=0,1,2,…,…)时,在一定的条件下,态|ψ5⁽³⁾〉q的广义电场分量(即第二正交相位分量)可呈现出周期性变化的、偶数次的等幂次2(2m+1)次方Y压缩效应 .}