Limit Galerkin-Petrov schemes for a nonlinear convection-diffusion equation

In the present paper, we suggest a version of the nonconformal finite-element method (a perturbed Galerkin method) for approximating a quasilinear convection-diffusion equation in divergence form. A grid scheme is constructed with the use of an approach based on the Galerkin-Petrov approximation to the mixed statement of the original problem. The separated coordinate approximation of the solution components for the mixed problem permits one to take into account the direction of convective transport and preserve the main properties of the spatial operator of the original problem. We prove the stability of the line method scheme and a two-layer weighted scheme for the original problem.     

The equilibrium boundary element method in boundary-value problems of elasticity theory

An equilibrium boundary element method is proposed for solving boundary-value problems in the theory of elasticity, thermo-elasticity, the dynamical theory of elasticity, bar torsion calculations, and the bending of a plate. The idea is to use simultaneously the method of constructing bundles of functions which exactly satisfy the equilibrium equations, the boundary variational equations of mechanics, and the methods of discrete finite-element approximation. The variational method of constructing the resolving boundary equations ensures that the linear system is symmetric and easily coupled to the finite-element method. Since volume integrals are eliminated the dimensions of the problem are reduced by one, but, unlike the boundary element method, there is no need to know the fundamental solutions. The solution of some bar torsion and plate bending problems confirms the high numerical efficiency of the method.     

New Optimization Approach to Multiphase Flow

A new optimization formulation for simulating multiphase flow in porous media is introduced. A locally mass-conservative, mixed finite-element method is employed for the spatial discretization. An unconditionally stable, fully-implicit time discretization is used and leads to a coupled system of nonlinear equations that must be solved at each time step. We reformulate this system as a least squares problem with simple bounds involving only one of the phase saturations. Both a Gauss–Newton method and a quasi-Newton secant method are considered as potential solvers for the optimization problem. Each evaluation of the least squares objective function and gradient requires solving two single-phase self-adjoint, linear, uniformly-elliptic partial differential equations for which very efficient solution techniques have been developed.     

Recovering the Initial Distribution for a Time-Fractional Diffusion Equation

We consider the inverse problem of reconstructing the initial condition of a one-dimensional time-fractional diffusion equation from measurements collected at a single interior location over a finite time-interval. The method relies on the eigenfunction expansion of the forward solution in conjunction with a Tikhonov regularization scheme to control the instability inherent in the problem. We show that the inverse problem has a unique solution provided exact data is given, and prove stability results regarding the regularized solution. Numerical realization of the method and illustrations using a finite-element discretization are given at the end of this paper.     

An a priori error estimate for a monotone mixed finite-element discretization of a convection–diffusion problem

We present a local exponential fitting hybridized mixed finite-element method for convection–diffusion problem on a bounded domain with mixed Dirichlet Neuman boundary conditions. With a new technique that interpretes the algebraic system after static condensation as a bilinear form acting on certain lifting operators we prove an a priori error estimate on the Lagrange multipliers that requires minimal regularity. While an extension of more classical arguments provide an estimate for the other solution components.     

On solution strategies to Saint-Venant problem

Different solution strategies to the relaxed Saint-Venant problem are presented and comparatively discussed from a mechanical and computational point of view. Three approaches are considered; namely, the displacement approach, the mixed approach, and the modified potential stress approach. The different solution strategies lead to the formulation of two-dimensional Neumann and Dirichlet boundary-value problems. Several solution strategies are discussed in general, namely, the series approach, the reformulation of the boundary-value problems for the Laplace's equations as integral boundary equations, and the finite-element approach. In particular, the signatures of the finite-element weak solutions—the computational costs, the convergence, the accuracy—are discussed considering elastic cylinders whose cross sections are represented by piece-wise smooth domains.     

弹性基上锥壳一般弯曲问题的精确解

本文应用Donnell的简化假定,从弹性基上锥壳位移型微分方程组出发,通过引入一个位移函数U(s,θ)(在极限情况下就退化成V.S.Vlasov对于圆柱壳所引的位移函数[5]),将基本微分方程组化成为一个八阶可解偏微分方程.这个方程的一般解用级数形式给出.对于在实际中有广泛应用价值的Winkler弹性基上锥壳的轴对称弯曲问题,本文给出了详细的数值结果,并求出了边缘荷载作用下的影响系数,这对计算弹性基上锥壳组合结构有着重要的意义.     

On the bending of plates with transverse shear deformation and mixed periodic boundary conditions

The method of matched asymptotic expansions is used to find a homogenized problem whose solution is an approximation to the solution of a mixed periodic boundary value problem in the theory of bending of thin elastic plates. A critical size for the fixed parts of the boundary is found such that the boundary condition of the homogenized problem is an intermediate case between that for the clamped edge plate and that for the free boundary plate.     

Nonconformal schemes of the finite-element method for nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws

We suggest a method for constructing grid schemes for initial-boundary value problems for many-dimensional nonlinear systems of first-order equations of hyperbolic type on the basis of the Galerkin-Petrov limit approximation to the mixed statement of an original problem. Our grid schemes are versions of the nonconformal finite-element method in which the approximate solution is constructed in the space of piecewise polynomial functions that admit discontinuities on the boundary of triangulation elements of the design domain.     

Modelling groundwater changes due to fluctuating dam discharge

In this contribution, two numerical methods are used to predict the free surface changes in a sand bar due to fluctuations in river stage. One is a fixed-mesh, finite-element seepage formulation including Biot's consolidation theory, and the other is a boundary element method solution of the Laplace equation. Both models give overall predictions that are in good agreement with field data recorded at an instrumented sand bar in the Colorado River subjected to stage fluctuations from operation of the Glen Canyon Dam. The boundary element method appears to offer significant advantage in data preparation and computational times over the finite-element method for the problem studied in this paper.     

A DUAL NON-LINEAR PROGRAM

In the paper a dual of a nonlinear fractional functional programming problem has beenformulated.This problem can be used to obtain a solution of the mixed 0—1 integer linearprogramming problem.Some properties related to the primal and dual have been given.     

非均匀圆柱型正交各向异性圆板的弯曲问题

本文研究了非均匀圆柱型正交各向异性圆板的弯曲问题,求得了折算刚度随半径按指数函数规律变化的非均匀圆柱型正交各向异性圆板在横向均布载荷作用下的通解,并给出了周边固定夹支条件下的精确解。     

Residual a posteriori error estimates for a 3D mortar finite-element method: the Stokes system

We consider a non-conforming domain decomposition techniquefor the discretization of the three-dimensional Stokes equationsby the mortar finite-element method. Relying on the velocity–pressureformulation of the system, we perform the numerical analysisof residual error indicators for this problem and we prove thatthe error estimators provide upper and lower bounds for theenergy norm of the mortar finite-element solution.     

用双向三角级数法解悬臂矩形薄板在均布荷载下的弯曲

悬臂矩形板的弯曲问题是平板理论中的一个难题.多年来,对于这种板只有能量法与数值解法的近似解.1979年以来清华大学张福范教授等用迭加法陆续得出悬臂矩形板在均布荷载和一些集中荷载作用下的解析解.对于在均布荷载作用下的悬臂矩形薄板,本文用双向三角级数法获得了其挠度函数的解析解,并将所得结果与迭加法所得的结果进行了比较.通过比较表明,两种方法计算的结果符合得十分好,因而相互印证了它们的正确性.     

夹层圆板的非线性弯曲

本文导出了具有软夹心的夹层圆板的非线性轴对称弯曲理论的基本方程和边界条件,并给出了表板很薄情况下的这些方程和边界条件的简化形式.作为算例,研究了在均布横向载荷作用下具有滑动固定边界条件的夹层圆板,使用修正迭代法,得到了相当精确的解析解.     

B-spline finite-element method in polar coordinates

A numerical solution method for two-dimensional electromagnetic field problems is presented using the B-spline finite-element expression based on polar coordinates. The technique has two main advantages: (1) to avoid the truncation errors at some curved boundaries and (2) to improve the accuracy of singular boundary-value problems with a sharp corner. The B-spline finite-element formulation in polar coordinates is derived and its numerical applications are illustrated by an eddy current problem and several waveguide eigenvalue problems.     

Reissner厚板弹性弯曲的一般解析解

针对大型工程建设中的Reisner厚板弹性弯曲问题,本文采用复级数方法求解相应的常系数偏微分方程组的边值问题,并首次得到了任意边界条件下的一般解析解.该解形式简单,计算方便、可靠.以四边简支和三边固支一边自由两种支撑条件下厚板承受均布载荷为例进行了分析验算,与已有的计算结果相比,计算结果相当满意.同时本文还着重对解的收敛速度、正确性(合理性)及边界满足情况进行了考察.     

An algorithm for the quadratic assignment problem using Bender's decomposition

A well known method used for solving quadratic assignment problems proceeds by the construction of an equivalent much larger linear assignment problem with many side constraints. The disadvantage of this method lies in the weakness of the bounds obtained by solving the linear problem. An alternate linearization has been suggested using a general method of Glover. In this paper the mixed integer program obtained by Glover's method is discussed and a solution using Bender's decomposition is proposed.     

Indefinite Least Squares Problem with Quadratic Constraint and Its Condition Numbers

In this paper,we consider the indefinite least squares problem with quadratic constraint and its condition numbers.The conditions under which the problem has the unique solution are first presented.Then,the normwise,mixed,and componentwise condition numbers for solution and residual of this problem are derived.Numerical example is also provided to illustrate these results.     

A new analysis of reciprocated beam bending in electrostatic comb drives using a semi-analytical approach

This paper investigates a new modeling and analysis of the voltage induced reciprocated beam bending effects in the unit cell of a planar, variable gap type, capacitive comb drive structures. A semi-analytical approach has been efficiently formulated to solve this coupled electromechanical problem under a steady state condition. The effect of fringe field is also incorporated to improvise on the accuracy of the solution. Additionally, an energy-based method as well as a finite element (FE) based model has been constructed to simulate and validate the semi-analytical approach. The results show that the reciprocated bending of the beams has significant effects on the performance parameters like displacement, capacitance and pull-in characteristics in the comb drive systems. This effect is also seen to vary with applied voltage and stiffness of the combs and springs. Further, a comparison with conventional lumped model shows considerable difference in the estimated values for different parameters indicating a more practical prediction through the proposed approach. Finally, a set of design guidelines is discussed to reduce this bending, so that its effects on the performance of comb drive systems can be minimized.