Yb∶YAG晶体的荧光特性研究

测量了不同掺杂浓度Yb∶YAG晶体氧化和还原气氛退火前后的色心吸收光谱、荧光光谱和荧光寿命.研究了色心对Yb∶YAG晶体的荧光强度和荧光寿命的影响.结果表明,只有当Yb的掺杂浓度大于10 at.%时,色心吸收的加强对发光强度和荧光寿命有明显猝灭作用.     

胱氨酸与烟草多酚氧化酶相互作用的研究

研究了胱氨酸与烟草多酚氧化酶的相互作用。结果表明 ,胱氨酸对烟草多酚氧化酶有抑制作用 ,其机制可能是胱氨酸中的硫醚与酶活性中心铜离子配位 ,但反应物或产物均抑制这种络合 ;胱氨酸还可以与产物结合生成无色复合物 ;当胱氨酸与多酚氧化酶的分子比达到 16 0 0 0∶1时 ,就完全抑制了酶活性 ;对于荧光光谱 ,当分子比为 75∶1时 ,多酚氧化酶的荧光就不再发生变化 ;烟草多酚氧化酶中的色氨酸残基位于比较疏水的环境。     

A Euclidean perspective on the unfolding of azurin: spatial correlations

We investigate the stability to structural perturbation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin using a previously developed geometric model. Our analysis considers Ru(2,2′,6′,2^″-terpyridine)(1,10-phenanthroline)(His83)-labelled wild-type azurin and five variants with mutations to Cu-ligating residues. We find that in the early stages of unfolding, the β-strands exhibit the most structural stability. The conserved residues comprising the hydrophobic core are dislocated only after nearly complete unfolding of the β-barrel. Attachment of the Ru-complex at His83 does not destabilize the protein fold, despite causing some degree of structural rearrangement. Replacing the Cys112 and/or Met121 Cu ligands does not affect the conformational integrity of the protein. Notably, these results are in accord with experimental evidence, as well as molecular dynamics simulations of the denaturation of azurin.     

Probing DNA Hybridization in Homogeneous Solution and at Interfaces via Measurement of the Intrinsic Fluorescence Decay Time of a Single Label

The hybridization of DNA oligomers including molecular beacons can be detected by measurement of either the decay time or the intensity of a single fluorescent label attached to the end of the respective oligonucleotide. The method works both in solution and solid phase and can distinguish between fully complementary and mismatch sequences as demonstrated for a 15-mer oligonucleotide and a 25-mer molecular beacon. The fluorescence lifetime method is advantageous in (a) requiring a single label (and therefore a single labeling step) only; and (b), being based on measurement of a self-referenced magnitude that is hardly affected by parameters such as fluctuations in light intensity that make measurement of intensity more prone to interferences.     

两种卤代荧光素与DNA作用荧光特性的研究

对四溴荧光素(TBF)、四氯四溴荧光素(TTF)两种卤代荧光素与DNA作用的荧光特性进行了研究,结果表明：TBF和TTF的最大λ_ex/λ_em为518/540 nm和540/560 nm,DNA的存在会使TBF和TTF的荧光强度发生变化;荧光猝灭实验和偏振实验表明：TBF与DNA的作用方式可能是沟槽键合和嵌插作用,而TTF 嵌插在了DNA碱基对之间;盐效应实验表明：溶液离子强度的大小会影响TBF和TTF与DNA的作用;荧光法测得TBF和TTF与DNA的结合常数为1×106和2×106 L·mol-1,结合位点数为0.62和0.16。     

荧光层析法研究由胶束溶液分离出的两种抗菌素

喹诺酮药物是一类重要的化学合成抗菌素 ,其临床应用正在不断扩大[1] 。氧氟沙星 (OFLX)和环丙沙星 (CPLX)结构非常相似。本文采用胶束薄层色谱法分离了两种药物。加入 1%氨水的 0 0 0 15mol·L-1十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTAB)和 1%十二烷基磺酸钠 (SDS)的等体积水溶液作为展开剂 ,聚酰胺薄膜作为固定相。考查了CTAB浓度 ,SDS浓度及氨水对氧氟沙星和环丙沙星Rf 值的影响。在选定条件下 ,Rf 值分别为 0 87和 0 76 ,在激发波长为 2 80nm处对其进行了荧光测定。测定了该方法的稳定性和灵敏度。本文首次使用胶束溶液分离了氧氟沙星和环丙沙星     

包埋不同淡水耗氧菌BOD传感膜的光谱响应特征研究

利用四甲氧基硅烷（TMOS）、二甲基二甲氧基硅烷（DiMeDMOS）与聚乙烯醇（PVA）构成的有机改性材料分别包埋五种不同淡水耗氧菌,制备光化学生物耗氧量（BOD）的传感敏感膜,并在自行构建的BOD测定仪上考察其光谱响应行为。实验结果表明,分别包埋五种淡水耗氧菌和它们混合菌种的BOD传感膜对BOD的荧光强度响应范围为0～60 mg·L-1至0～120 mg·L-1,线性相关系数为0.976～0.997,响应时间为0.5～8.7 min,传感敏感膜可连续使用30 d以上。实验研究考察了不同实验条件下如温度和测定体系的pH对BOD传感膜响应的影响。实验结果发现,在4 ℃下保存12个月后,BOD传感膜仍保持原有响应值的85%以上,显示出较好的重复性和稳定性。初步应用结果表明,BOD传感膜可应用于地表水中的BOD检测。     

荧光光谱法研究抗癌药物与DNA的相互作用

荧光探针技术可以用来测定药物-核酸相互作用的强度。通过药物与核酸相互作用,使DNA与探针键合的程度减小,反映在探针荧光光谱的改变,从而可以了解药物和核酸的作用机理。相互作用常数D为DNA 探针中加入药物后探针的荧光强度相对于DNA 探针荧光强度减去纯探针荧光强度的下降百分数。文章利用盐酸小檗碱(Berberine)作为探针,测定几种抗癌药物加入DNA与荧光探针(盐酸小檗碱)混合溶液的荧光谱,探讨它们与DNA的相互作用。并根据相同浓度的不同药物与核酸相互作用的常数D确定作用强弱。     

稀土金属离子与色氨酸相互作用的荧光光谱研究

在碱性介质中,稀土离子与色氨酸形成离子缔合型异配位络合物使色氨酸的荧光猝灭,在pH=10-11的H3BO4－HAc-H3PO4-NaOH介质中,色氨酸的荧光发射和稀土离子对其荧光猝灭均达到最大值,各个稀土离子对色氨酸的荧光猝灭强度也基本相似,本文还建立了稀土离子与色氨酸配合物的分子模型并对其荧光猝灭机理进行了探讨。     

肿瘤发展过程中类胡萝卜素、卟啉代谢的模拟及其荧光分析

通过肿瘤发展过程中类胡萝卜素、卟啉代谢的模拟及其荧光分析,研究了类胡萝卜素对血清荧光法癌诊断的影响。采取肘静脉血制取血清,采用光致发光的方法研究了血清中的发光中心,模拟癌发展过程中类胡萝卜素和卟啉的代谢水平对血清荧光癌诊断方法的影响。血清中主要的发光是来自具有共轭基团的血清蛋白、类胡萝卜素和卟啉的电子跃迁。随着血清中类胡萝卜素含量的增加,520nm荧光峰强度提高,614nm附近的波谷亦升高,诊断I值(荧光强度的比值,见引言中公式(1))会下降即降低了癌诊断的阳性率。     

盐酸川芎嗪的荧光光谱研究及应用

在 p H6— 10的水溶液中 ,盐酸川芎嗪产生稳定的荧光。最佳激发波长与发射波长分别为 2 95nm和335nm,当盐酸川芎嗪浓度为 5.0× 10 -6— 5.0× 10 -5mol/ L时 ,荧光强度与浓度有良好的线性关系。据此建立了荧光光度法直接测定盐酸川芎嗪注射液中盐酸川芎嗪含量的方法 ,该方法的相对标准偏差为3.51% ,检出下限为 1.0× 10 -6mol/ L。     

pH Induces Thermal Unfolding of UTI: An Implication of Reversible and Irreversible Mechanism Based on the Analysis of Thermal Stability, Thermodynamic, Conformational Characterization

The thermal unfolding of Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor (UTI) was studied by several methods: Circular Dichroism (CD), Fluorescence and UV–Vis spectra. Thermal melting of UTI, dissolved in the neutral and basic buffers, was proved to be irreversible and two domains of UTI unfolded simultaneously, but the melting was reversible and the intermediate was observed when pH is lower than 4.2. The result suggested that heat and changes in pH, which had a more important impact on the stabilization of the domain I and the interaction between two domains, might cause different unfolding transitions. A reasonable explanation was deduced for the mechanism of reversible and irreversible thermal unfolding based on the effect of pH on the protein structure, the analysis of thermal transitions and the result of Electron Microscopy: In neutral and basic buffers, the Reactive Central Loop (RCL) in domain II can interact with or insert into the partial expanding domain I and UTI become self-polymerization, however, no aggregation can be observed in acid buffer since low pH and heat destabilized the structure of the domain I and the native conformation can restructure. The interaction between the special structural element RCL and domain I play an important role in the formation of polymer which was different from other two reasons given by other authors—the cleavage of disulfide and the formation of irregular polymer mainly based on hydrophobic interaction.     

乙醚溶液荧光光谱特性及其机理研究

研究了低浓度乙醚水溶液在紫外光激励下的荧光光谱,以及其荧光特性随激发光波长和乙醚溶液浓度改变的变化规律,并对其产生机理和谱线特性进行了分析和探讨。结果显示,乙醚溶液在306 nm附近出现明显的荧光峰,其最佳激励波长为245 nm,且在292 nm处还有次峰出现。激发光波长改变时,相应的荧光峰值位置基本不变,且荧光峰的强度随激发光波长的变化呈高斯分布。荧光次峰和主峰的强度产生竞争。随浓度增加,306 nm处的荧光强度线性增强,当增至7%后,发生浓度猝灭,强度线性减弱。研究结果将为检测有毒、麻醉物质——乙醚的浓度及纯度等提供参考。     

含缩醛正离子类脂分子与蛋白质的相互作用

合成系列含缩醛的双链正离子类脂分子 ,并用荧光光谱研究其与牛血清蛋白 (BSA)的相互作用 .通过荧光的变化 ,解释蛋白质构象的变化 .在低类脂浓度时 ,少量类脂分子束缚在牛血清蛋白周围 ,荧光有很大幅度的淬灭 ,蛋白质本身肽链被解开 ,与此同时最大发射波长从 (3 44± 1)nm蓝移到 (3 3 1± 1)nm .由于疏水相互作用 ,更多类脂分子不断地聚集在蛋白质周围 ,牛血清蛋白中的两个色氨酸残基被完全地包裹在类脂分子形成的双分子膜中 ,荧光强度不断增加直到恒定不变     

铕(Ⅲ)-二苯甲酰甲烷-聚丙烯酸/聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酸)配合物及其性质研究

研究了铕(Ⅲ)和二苯甲酰甲烷(HDBM)形成的有机配体NaEu(DBM)4与聚丙烯酸(PPA)(Mr=5000)、聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酸)(PSAA)(Mr=3000)发生配位反应分别得到配合物Eu(Ⅲ)-DBM-PAA和NaEu(Ⅲ)-DBM-PSAA,得率分别为89.7％和87.3％。红外光谱、紫外光谱、X光电子能谱的测试表明了Eu3 分别与PAA,PSAA和DBM-发生配位。元素分析和电导率测定结果证明了一个Eu3 分别与PAA中二个链节或PSAA中三个链节的羧基和一个DBM-发生配位。Eu3 离子在配合物Eu(Ⅲ)-DBM-PAA和NaEu(Ⅲ)-DBM-PSAA中的质量分数分别为28.46％和12.23％。荧光光谱表明,常温下配合物在紫外光下发出强的红光,主要是Eu3 离子的5D0→7F2的能级跃迁。     

乙二胺-N,N′-二邻氨基苯甲酸与牛血清白蛋白作用的荧光光谱研究

在pH7.4,0.05mol.L-1Tris-HCl条件下,采用荧光光谱法研究了乙二胺-N,N′-二邻氨基苯甲酸(EDA)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。结果表明,EDA与BSA的结合使蛋白质的荧光被猝灭,条件稳定常数为lgK=5.81±0.04,结合位点数为1,并依据Foerster能量转移理论确定EDA与BSA色氨酸残基的最近距离r为2.14nm。     

Study on the Interaction Mechanism of Lysozyme and Bromophenol Blue by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The interaction of lysozyme with bromophenol blue (BPB) in acetate buffer (pH 6.0) was studied by fluorescence quenching method for the first time. It was found that BPB could conspicuously quench the fluorescence of lysozyme by the static quenching process, possibly due to the binding on the active site near Trp62. The binding parameters including the binding constant and the number of binding site were calculated. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔS° and ΔG° at different temperatures were obtained. The formation of lysozyme–BPB complex depended on the cooperation of the hydrophobic and electrostatic forces. And the binding average distance between lysozyme and BPB was determined. The effect of common metal ions on the binding constant of lysozyme–BPB was also examined.     

乙二醇和丙三醇的吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究

对乙二醇和丙三醇的紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱进行了实验研究和理论分析,发现两者的最大吸收波长均位于198 nm,且在适当的紫外波长激励下均能发射出荧光,文章中给出了相应的荧光光谱图,但荧光相对强度和激发波长间似乎没有明显变化规律,其原因有待进一步探索。从乙二醇的一阶导数荧光光谱,得知在210 nm激发下荧光相对强度随时间变化最快,在225 nm激发下的绝大多数时间内变化速率最慢。另外,文章还从量子计算出发,采用一维势阱模型,根据电子从HOMO到LUMO的跃迁,计算出了两者的吸收波长值。比较分析了计算值与实验值之间的误差,考虑到将分子直链化后其键长与实际情况有所差别,结果认为理论计算有一定的参考价值。     

水杨酸与牛血清蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

应用荧光光谱研究了水杨酸与牛血清蛋白 (BSA)分子间的相互作用。研究表明 :水杨酸对BSA内源荧光的猝灭机制属于形成化合物所引起的静态猝灭 ,猝灭常数Ksv 为 1 0 97× 10 4 (mol·L- 1 ) - 1 ;水杨酸与BSA反应的结合常数为 7 377× 10 4 ,结合位点数为 1,当水杨酸浓度较低 (摩尔比小于 1∶1)时 ,它与Trp残基或其附近基团结合但并不引起Trp残基微环境的改变 ;根据F rster非辐射能量转移理论 ,计算了授体 受体间的结合距离和能量转移效率     

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer: A promising tool for investigation of the interaction between 1-anthracene sulphonate and serum albumins

This present investigation has revealed that steady state as well as time-resolved fluorescence techniques can serve as highly sensitive monitors for exploring the interaction of fluorescent probe 1-anthracene sulphonate (1-AS) with model transport proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA).We have focused on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between excited tryptophan in transport proteins to 1-AS, for the study of relaxation dynamics of biological molecules.