Multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser using dual-cavity configuration

A simple technique for achieving multi-wavelength tunable multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser (BFL) based on dual-pass configuration is demonstrated. The BFL uses a piece of 10 km long non-zero dispersion shifted fiber (NZ-DSF) as a Brillouin gain medium to obtain odd-order Brillouin Stokes waves as an output with the line spacing of 0.16 nm (20 GHz) between each two consecutive waves by employing even-order Brillouin Stokes to improve output performance of the laser. With a BP of 15.3 dBm, at least 15 odd-order Brillouin Stokes and anti-Stokes lines are generated. The laser is room temperature stable, tunable over 50 nm wavelength range and has an optical signal to noise ratio of more than 30 dB at 1560 nm region. This Brillouin fiber laser can operate at any wavelength depending on the Brillouin pump (BP) wavelength used.     

An Efficient Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Brillouin Erbium Fiber Laser Using a Fiber Bragg Grating for Multi-Wavelength Generation

Abstract

An efficient multi-wavelength Brillouin erbium fiber laser is demonstrated using an improved configuration with a broadband fiber Bragg grating and a piece of photonic crystal fiber. The laser generates more than 55 lines of optical comb with a line spacing of approximately 0.09 nm in a 1,565-5 nm region using pump powers of 3 dBm and 150 mW for the Brillouin and 980-nm pumps, respectively. The Brillouin erbium fiber laser with a fiber Bragg grating's reflectivity of 50% obtained a higher number of comb lines compared to that of 99% reflectivity.     

Multi-wavelength generation using a bismuth-based EDF and Brillouin effect in a linear cavity configuration

The generation of a multiple wavelength source using a bismuth-based erbium-doped fiber (Bi-EDF) in a linear cavity configuration is demonstrated. The configuration uses a pair of optical circulators at the input and output ends of the cavity to form a resonator for multi-wavelength generation in conjunction with optical couplers to inject the Brillouin pump (BP) and to tap the output at the two ends. The Brillouin erbium fiber laser (BEFL) comb with a 2.15 m of Bi-EDF has a wavelength spacing of 0.09 nm and operates in long-wavelength (L-) band region. A stable output laser comb of 50 lines is obtained at a BP of 1568.2 nm and 5 dBm and two 1480 nm pumps at 120 mW. The injected BP wavelength and power as well as the 1480 nm pump powers have a great effect on the number of lines and output power of the BEFL. This configuration is compact due to the use of the significantly shorter Bi-EDF as the linear gain medium, and can be made more compact by replacing the single-mode fiber with highly non-linear fibers such as holey fibers.     

Multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser generation using dual-pass approach

A simple and compact multi-wavelength tunable Brillouin fiber laser (BFL) in conjunction with dual-pass approach is proposed and experimentally compared with the output of a conventional single ring cavity architecture. This BFL source is demonstrated using 10 km long non-zero dispersion shifted fiber (NZ-DSF) as a Brillouin gain medium. By single ring cavity configuration, odd-order Brillouin Stokes lines appear in the backward direction with the line spacing 0.16 nm (∼20 GHz) between each two consecutive waves. However, this single ring cavity in conjunction with dual-pass configuration is able to generate Brillouin Stokes lines with 0.08 nm spacing by providing bi-directional oscillations of Brillouin waves in both forward and backward directions. With a Brillouin pump power of 15.3 dBm, approximately up to 17 Brillouin Stokes lines are generated which is tunable over 40 nm tuning range.     

Simple tunable multiwavelength Brillouin/Erbium fiber laser utilizing short-length photonic crystal fiber

We have demonstrated a simple ring cavity tunable multiwavelength Brillouin/Erbium fiber laser (MWBEFL), in which 70 m highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (HNL-PCF) is used as the Brillouin gain medium. The fiber laser utilizes recycling mechanism to enhance stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). The configuration that consists of only 3 optical components is easy to be integrated and improves the practicality. At the maximum 1480 nm pump power of 110 mW and the Brillouin pump power of 3 dBm, 10 stable output channels with more than 10 dB optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) and 0.078 nm channel spacing could achieve 10 nm tuning ranges.     

Photonic crystal ber-based multi-wavelength Brillouin ber laser with dual-pass ampli cation con guration

A simple technique for achieving a stable, room temperature and multi-wavelength lasing with narrow linewidth is demonstrated using Brillouin ber laser (BFL) with a 100-m-long photonic crystal ber (PCF) in conjunction with a dual-pass configuration. A broadband ber Bragg grating (FBG) operating in the C-band region is incorporated at the end side of the setup to allow a dual-pass operation. The proposed BFL can operate at any wavelength depending on the Brillouin pump wavelength and the FBG’s reflection region used. With a Brillouin pump (BP) of 15.7 dBm, approximately 7 Stokes and 4 anti-Stokes lines are obtained with a line spacing of 0.08 nm.     

An Enhanced Bismuth-Based Brillouin/Erbium Fiber Laser with Linear Cavity Configuration

A multi-wavelength Brillouin/erbium-doped fiber laser (BEFL) which operates in 1594 nm region is demonstrated using a 215 cm long Bismuth-based EDF and SMF. Two optical circulators were used at the output ends of the system to form a linear cavity to produce a cascaded Brillouin Stokes and anti-Stokes. A stable output laser comb of more than 20 lines was obtained with a spacing of approximately 0.089 nm at a Brillouin pump power of 4 dBm and two 1,480-nm pumps at powers of 100 mW. The number of lines is relatively higher compared with the ring cavity BEFL.     

Millimeter wave carrier generation based on Brillouin fiber laser with improved tuning capability

An all-optically generated millimeter wave carrier at 21.7 GHz, 43 GHz and 64.45 GHz are experimentally achieved. These frequencies are realized by generating two consecutively laser wavelengths and are detecting on the 70 GHz high-speed photo detector (HSPD). The initial mixing between the Brillouin pump and the second-order Stokes wavelengths is spaced by 0.178 nm. This spacing, which is doubled from an inherently generated Stokes shift, is accomplished through an isolated circulation of the first order Stokes wave in the double Brillouin Stokes shifter (DSBS) built with 25-km single mode fiber. The generated millimeter carrier is measured at 21.7 GHz, 43 GHz and 64.4 GHz achieved with BP power of 11 mW, 30 mW and 47 mW, respectively.     

A novel double-Brillouin-frequency spaced multi-wavelength Brillouin erbium-doped fiber laser based on non-linear amplified fiber loop mirror

In the paper, a ring double-Brillouin-frequency spaced multi-wavelength Brillouin erbium-doped fiber laser based on non-linear amplified fiber loop mirror filter is demonstrated, in which the non-linear amplified fiber loop mirror (AFLMF) is used as a filter. At the 980 nm pump power of 10.29 dBm, the tunable laser source center wavelength of 1563 nm and power of −3 dBm, up to 12 even output channels with 0.16 nm spacing are achieved. At the same time, we study the influence of 980 nm pump power, the polarization controller and the tunable laser source center wavelength on the number of Stokes light wave.     

L-Band Multi-Wavelength Brillouin–Raman Fiber Laser with 20-GHz Channel Spacing

Abstract

A tunable multi-wavelength L-band Brillouin–Raman fiber laser with a 20-GHz channel spacing utilizing bidirectional ring cavity is proposed and experimentally investigated. The laser employs a co-pumped dispersion compensating fiber as a gain medium for both Brillouin and Raman gains. With a Raman pump of 425 mW, the laser system can generate up to 12 double-spaced Brillouin Stokes signals. This simple laser configuration provides stable Brillouin Stokes signals in the absence of self-lasing cavity modes with a tuning range exceeding 35 nm without using any filtering mechanism. The Stokes signals have more than 20 dB of optical signal-to-noise ratio.     

Self-excited brillouin–erbium fiber laser for DWDM applications

The operation of the self-excited Brillouin/erbium fiber laser (BEFL) is experimentally demonstrated. It uses a forward pumped erbium-doped fiber (EDF) as a gain medium to generate a Brillouin-pump (BP) and amplify the Stokes frequency signals generated in a single-mode fiber (SMF). The operating wavelength varies with changes of coupling ratio of the looping arm. The optimum BEFL operation is obtained with a center wavelength at 1567.5 nm by looping back 20% of BEFL output into the other end of the SMF. The BEFL output power and number of lines increases gradually as 980-nm pump power increases. At the maximum 980-nm pump power of 118 mW, a stable and strong BEFL comb of up to 16 lines with 11 GHz spacing is demonstrated. The self-excited BEFL has the potential to be used in the future dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) communication system.     

一种新型自激发布里渊掺铒光纤激光器

利用级联的受激布里渊效应,自激发布里渊掺铒光纤激光器可以实现常温下的多波长激光输出。通过在自激发掺铒光纤激光器中引入一个高双折射萨尼亚克(Sagnac)环形滤波器,调节萨尼亚克环形滤波器的偏振控制器(PC),实现了可调谐多波长输出,同时在实验中观测到双布里渊多波长带的现象。研究了这种光纤激光器中萨尼亚克环形滤波器的带宽和980 nm抽运光功率对输出波长数的影响,在萨尼亚克环形滤波器的带宽为83.3 nm以及980 nm抽运光功率为260 mW时,得到了52个间隔为0.088 nm的多波长激光输出。     

A tunable multi-wavelength Brillouin–erbium fiber laser with fourfold Brillouin frequency spacing

We have experimentally demonstrated a tunable multi-wavelength Brillouin–erbium fiber laser with over 40 GHz spacing utilizing two cascaded double Brillouin-frequency-spacing cavities. In this laser configuration, two segments of 25 km-long single-mode fibers are used as Brillouin gain medium in each ring cavity, and a segment of 8 m-long erbium-doped fiber with 980 nm pump is employed to amplify Brillouin pump (BP). At BP wavelength of 1550 nm, BP power of 8.3 dBm (6.8 mW) and the maximum 980 nm pump power of 27.78 dBm (600 mW), seven output channels with fourfold Brillouin-frequency spacing, and the tuning range of 15 nm from 1545 to 1560 nm are achieved. The proposed multi-wavelength Brillouin–erbium fiber laser has wide applications, such as in microwave signal generation and optical communications.     

Two-Frequency Brillouin Fiber Laser Controlled by Temperature Difference in Fiber Ring Resonator

A Brillouin fiber laser (BFL) consisting of a fiber ring resonator with different fiber temperatures emits two-frequency light output. The two-frequency BFL yields an optical beat output which can be utilized as an optical frequency shifter. The output beat frequency is controllable by the temperature difference in the fiber ring resonator and changes with a step of a resonant frequency interval of BFL. The temperature dependence of the BFL output frequency was 2.4 MHz/°C. The stability of the output beat frequency to the temperature fluctuation was estimated as 1.04°C/2.5 MHz.     

S-band multiwavelength Brillouin Raman Fiber Laser

In this paper we propose and demonstrate an S-band Brillouin-Raman Fiber Laser (BRFL). The S-band BRFL utilizes a Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF) as the non-linear gain medium in a linear cavity configuration and amplified by two 1425 nm, 380 mW pumped Raman Fiber Amplifiers (RFAs). A Brillouin Pump (BP) signal of 1515 nm at 12 dBm in power is injected into the setup to generate Stokes lines via the Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) process. The S-band BRFL is able of generating a Brillouin comb with 32 Stokes lines with a flat peak output power of − 18 dBm. The best BP to Stokes power ratio of the system is determined to be 50:50, while a ratio of 70:30 is observed to generate Stokes with a higher peak power, but at the expense of the number of wavelengths. The S-band BRFL has many potential applications as multiwavelength sources for communications and sensors.     

Linear cavity Brillouin fiber laser with improved characteristics

A configuration for linear cavity Brillouin fiber laser (BFL) generation is demonstrated using a standard single-mode fiber, two optical circulators, a 3 dB coupler, and a 95/5 coupler to allow high efficiency. With a Brillouin pump (BP) power of 13 dBm, the laser peak power is 12.3 dB higher than a conventional linear cavity BFL at an upshifted wavelength of 0.086 nm from the BP wavelength. In addition, it is revealed that the BFL peak power can be higher than the transmitted BP peak power when the BP power exceeds the second Brillouin Stokes threshold power.     

Stable room-temperature multi-wavelength lasing oscillations in a Brillouin–Raman fiber ring laser

A stable room-temperature multi-wavelength Brillouin–Raman fiber laser with a ring cavity configuration was proposed and experimentally investigated. An obvious suppressant effect for unstable mode hopping of multi-wavelength lasing oscillations induced by deeply saturated effect was observed in the ring cavity configuration. Stable room-temperature multi-wavelength lasing oscillations with more than 30 lasing lines and wavelength spacing of 0.076 nm were obtained with only 250 mW Raman pump power and a section of high nonlinear fiber with a length of 1.5 km. The lasing output is so stable that the maximum power fluctuations for the foremost three Stokes lines over more than 20 min of observation were less than 0.30 dB. The lasing stability of the laser was also compared with a linear cavity configuration with the same gain components and pump conditions. While using the linear laser cavity configuration, obvious mode hopping was observed. The minimum value of the maximum power fluctuations at all lasing lines over more than 10 min of observation was more than 0.90 dB.     

可用于产生微波信号的间隔可调双波长光纤激光器

为了获得不同间隔双波长信号输出,提出一种基于受激布里渊效应产生双波长激光的实验装置,利用不同间隔双波长输出信号进行拍频实验可获得可调的微波信号输出;利用一段10 km长普通单模光纤（SMF）作为布里渊增益介质,一个线宽为5 kHz分布反馈激光器（DFB）作为布里渊抽运源,一段未泵浦的保偏掺铒光纤用作饱和吸收体抑制边模,通过改变未泵浦保偏掺铒光纤的长度,可获得不同间隔输出的双波长光纤激光器,实验获得波长间隔为0.170 nm和0.085 nm的激光信号输出,分别对应20 GHz和10 GHz的微波信号。     

Switchable triple-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser using a single fiber Bragg grating in polarization-maintaining fiber

A stable and narrow wavelength spacing multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser is proposed and demonstrated. The laser can produce simultaneous dual- and triple-wavelength lasing oscillations with a narrow wavelength spacing of less than 0.1 nm via using a single fiber Bragg gratings written in polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber. By adjusting polarization controller, the wavelength spacing of dual-wavelength lasing oscillations can be tuned to as small as 0.032 nm. The maximum amplitude variation for every lasing wavelength is less than 0.5 dB. The room-temperature operation principle is based on the polarization hole burning and deeply saturated effect in an ordinary erbium-doped fiber ring laser (EDFRL). The laser has the advantages of simple all-fiber configuration, low cost, high stability and operating at room temperature.     

Tunable multiwavelength Brillouin-erbium ring-cavity fiber laser with short-length photonic crystal fiber

A multi-wavelength Brillouin-erbium ring-cavity fiber laser utilizing 2-m erbium doped fiber (EDF) and 70-m high nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is proposed and demonstrated. The output characteristics and also the impacts of pump and Brillouin pump (BP) on the output spectra are investigated in detail. The output number and wavelength location of Brillouin lines are tunable by adjusting the power of 1465 nm pump and BP, and a 5-channel output within 11 nm (1551–1562 nm) tuning range is achieved by choosing appropriate pump power.