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为EAST装置中性束注入器设计了一套用于将剩余离子在线电偏转的结构,并对系统各设备的核心参数进行了估算。在4.41kV偏转电压作用下,该电偏转系统可提供80keV氘离子束偏转所需的偏转电场。在偏转电场调制情况下,该电偏转系统可有效降低极板表面的热负荷,进而满足EAST中性束注入器稳态运行的需要。     

中性束注入器电偏转系统的参数设计与估算研究

为EAST 装置中性束注入器设计了一套用于将剩余离子在线电偏转的结构,并对系统各设备的核心参数进行了估算。在4.41kV 偏转电压作用下,该电偏转系统可提供80keV 氘离子束偏转所需的偏转电场。在偏转电场调制情况下,该电偏转系统可有效降低极板表面的热负荷,进而满足EAST 中性束注入器稳态运行的需要。     

Study by temperature induced deflection of ageing and damaging of multilayered mirrors for satellites

In order to determine the causes reducing or destroying the stability of the multilayers which consist the essential parts of satellite mirrors, an experimental study, based on deflection tests has been performed. The observed temperature induced deflections are discussed in relation to diffusion controlled mechanisms producing microstructural changes in the multilayer. The deflections were observed when annealing the multilayers up to 573 K, in a pure argon or oxygen atmosphere.The multilayers consisted in successive thin films, deposited on a 〈0 0 1〉 silicon substrate: first a 30 nm thick amorphous silica layer, then a metallic film, made of nickel or chromium, and finally a silver layer which ensures the reflective properties.It was verified that the metal glass interface remained stable during heat-treatments, while other diffusion controlled mechanisms could degrade the multilayers. Among them: the oxidation of the metallic layer, possible solid state reaction forming Ni₂Si, and well identified agglomerations of the silver layer with formation of hillocks and unwetted zones.     

计算模拟法改善激光波面

计算模拟方法设计位相元件可将基模高斯光束均匀化,将椭圆波面校正为圆对称波面.本文推导了理论模拟结果和实验参数的关系.计算模拟给出的实验装置较为简单,能量转换效率高.     

光热偏转检测技术自动测量的研究

介绍了光热偏转技术自动测量材料热物性的原理及实验方法。根据光热偏转检测理论建立了一套自动检测系统,从自动控制、数据采集和数据处理等方面实现了光热偏转检测技术的自动化测量。设计出了步进电机自动控制和数据处理软件。利用该系统对钛酸锶钡材料的热扩散率进行了测量,发现随着掺杂量铈的增加,钛酸锶钡的热扩散率逐渐减小,当掺杂量铈增加到一定值时,其热扩散率又开始增加。     

An improved method for shape measurement using two-dimensional digital image correlation

Shape measurement is a significant application of digital image correlation (DIC). An improved method that combines a rotatable plane mirror is proposed to measure the shape of an immovable object. In this method, two images, one before and the other after rotating the plane mirror, are obtained and then in-plane translation which related to the shape of the detected object can be calculated by the use of two-dimensional digital image correlation (2D DIC). The relationship between the in-plane translation and the shape of the object is described. Experimental results show that the proposed method is feasible for shape and distance measurement with high accuracy.     

The asymptotic iteration method applied to certain quasinormal modes and non Hermitian systems

We study the Schrödinger equation with potentials admitting quasinormal modes using the asymptotic iteration method (AIM). We also study non-Hermitian PT symmetric potentials using AIM. The spectra, in all cases, are found to be in excellent agreement with exact results.     

Non-contact sound speed measurement by optical probing of beam deflection due to sound wave

We report a non-contact and non-invasive method of sound speed measurement by optical probing of deflected laser beam due to normally incident degenerated shock wave. In this study the shock wave from an exploding wire was degenerated to an ordinary sound wave at the distance exceeding 0.23 m. Temporal resolution of the deflected beam signal was improved by passing through an adequate electronic high-pass filter, as a result we obtained a better temporal resolution than that of the acoustic pressure detection by PZT transducer in terms of rising time. The spatial resolution was improved by passing the refracted beam signal into the edge of focusing lens to make a larger deflection angle. Sound speed was calculated by monitoring the time of flight of transient deflected signal at the predetermined position. Sound speed has been measured in air, distilled water and acryl, agreed well with the published values. The sound speed measured in the solution of glycerin, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), and dimethylformamide with various mole fractions also agrees within 3% of relative error with those measured in the present work by ultrasonic pulse echo method. The results suggest that the method proposed is to be reliable and reproducible.     

Duffing方程的变分迭代解法

应用变分迭代算法分析了Dufing方程的强迫振动,得到了整个区域内(0 < ε < ∞)一致有效的近似解,其近似周期的最大相对误差小于5.66%,并得到了在整个区域内一致有效的主共振和次共振频率。     

相量法在交流电桥实验中的应用

相量法是分析正弦交流电路问题的重要方法之一.它的特点是数学模型简单、直观,可操作性强.本文以交流电桥实验中的电感桥和电容桥为例,展示了相量法在交流电桥平衡的分析与求解过程中的优点.该方法用于交流电桥实验不仅有助于学生巩固相量的概念,而且能深刻地理解交流电桥的测量原理.     

Iteration method for the inversion of simulated multiwavelength lidar signals to determine aerosol size distribution

A new method is proposed to derive the size distribution of aerosol from the simulated multiwavelength lidar extinction coefficients. The basis for this iteration is to consider the extinction efficiency factor of particles as a set of weighting function covering the entire radius region of a distribution. The weighting functions are calculated exactly from Mie theory. This method extends the inversion region by subtracting some extinction coefficient. The radius range of simulated size distribution is 0.1－10.0μm, the inversion radius range is 0.1－2.0μm, but the inverted size distributions are in good agreement with the simulated one.     

Evaluation of micromechanical properties of buckled SiOxNy-loaded membranes by combining the Twyman–Green interferometry with nanoindentation and point-wise deflection technique

In view of applications in MOEMS technology, an interferometric technique has been developed for determination of micromechanical properties of PECVD-deposited SiO_xN_y thin films. By combining the Twyman–Green interferometry with nanoindentation technique, an original “point-wise” deflection method is proposed, particularly appropriated to measure the residual stress in the case of silicon membranes compressively prestressed by SiO_xN_y deposition. For such SiO_xN_y membranes, operating at the first mode of buckling, the nonindentation permits the extraction of Young's modulus and interferometry measures the out-of-plan displacements, respectively. The proposed point-wise deflection technique combines both the interferometric and Young's modulus data, giving the access to the distribution of residual stress versus the optical quality of SiO_xN_y films. The residual stress is monitored as a function of the refractive index of SiO_xN_y, establishing the relationship between the optical and micromechanical properties of deposited thin films. High measuring accuracy and resolution have been demonstrated, allowing measurements to be used to enhance PECVD process control     

Photothermal probe beam deflection measurement of thermal diffusivity of atmospheric air

We have used a modified photothermal probe beam deflection system with a back pumping configuration for the measurements of the temperature-dependent thermal diffusivity of atmospheric air. The results are consistent and reasonably well agree with the literature values. The measured thermal diffusivity values are the same for the same measuring temperature regardless of the beam offsets and the deflecting surface temperatures. For the gas with known temperature-dependent thermal diffusivity, this method can be used to deduce the temperature of a gas from the measured thermal diffusivity value.     

小视场长焦距镜头畸变高精度测量研究

利用由精密测角仪、显微摄像测量系统、微型双光栅平面干涉仪、平行光管以及星点组成畸变测量系统,对小视场长焦距的镜头进行畸变测量。在计算镜头畸变中,利用中心视场区域内畸变设计无穷小,采用三次多项式拟和的方法,计算镜头理论焦距;在边视场采用像高高次方和视场角正弦高次方加权平均的方法对测量偏差角进行修正,得到各视场的相对和绝对畸变。通过实际测量和计算验证,镜头全视场畸变测量精度可达到0.02%。     

Accurate measurement of composite laminates deflection using digital speckle pattern interferometry

The modern digital speckle pattern interferometry (DSPI) technique is applied for the accurate measurement of the full-field deflection distribution of a bent composite laminates. Two kinds of powerful phase-shifting methods, phase of differences method (PDM) and difference of phases method (DPM), are described briefly and employed in DSPI to quantitatively extract the phase information, respectively. A comparison of the deflection distributions measured by DPM and PDM indicates that the former has a better measurement accuracy than the latter in laminate's static test experiment.     

提高PCA识别率的新算法

针对基于主元分析(PCA)的识别算法不能最优区分不同种类样本的缺点,提出了一种新的多主元分析(Multi-PCA)识别算法。该算法为每类样本构造单独特征空间,用各个空间的特征向量重建待识别样本。特征空间是基于某类样本图像的共性建立,因此重建该类样本图像时将得到较小重建误差,而重建其它类图像时的误差较大。可以根据重建误差的大小来识别样本图像,将待识别样本分类到具有最小重建误差的特征空间。在ORL、YALE人脸库和标牌压印字符库上的实验结果显示,Multi-PCA的识别率比PCA有较大提高。     

双臂电桥测量接触电阻的研究

介绍了双臂电桥测量低值电阻的理论,通过改变QJ44型双臂电桥连接法测量金属棒的电阻率及引线电阻和接线头的接触电阻.实验表明:电阻率的测量结果与引线电阻和接触电阻无关,从实验上说明了双臂电桥要四端接线的必要性.     

Application of He's variational iteration method to nonlinear heat transfer equations

Instead of finding a small parameter for solving nonlinear problems through perturbation method, a new analytical method called He's variational iteration method (VIM) is introduced to be applied to solve nonlinear heat transfer equations in this Letter. In this research, variational iteration method is used to solve an unsteady nonlinear convective-radiative equation and a nonlinear convective-radiative-conduction equation containing two small parameters of ε₁ and ε₂ and evaluate the efficiency of straight fins. VIM can apply to the nonlinear equations with boundary or initial conditions defined in different points just with developing the correction functional using the extra parameters such as Cn, as used in this Letter.     

An alternative method to specify the degree of resonator stability

We present an alternative method to specify the stability of real stable resonators. We introduce the degree of optical stability or the S parameter, which specify the stability of resonators in a numerical scale ranging from 0 to 100%. The value of zero corresponds to marginally stable resonator and S < 0 corresponds to unstable resonator. Also, three definitions of the S parameter are provided: in terms of A&D, B&Z _Ro and g ₁ g ₂. It may be noticed from the present formalism that the maximum degree of stability with S = 1 automatically corresponds to g ₁ g ₂ = 1/2. We also describe the method to measure the S parameter from the output beam characteristics and B parameter. A possible correlation between the S parameter and the misalignment tolerance is also discussed.      

Numerical solution of sine-Gordon equation by variational iteration method

In this Letter, variational iteration method (VIM) is applied to obtain approximate analytical solution of the sine-Gordon equation without any discretization. Comparisons with the exact solutions reveal that VIM is very effective and convenient.