微波照射合成不对称1，4－二氢吡啶的研究

微波照射合成不对称１，４－二氢吡啶的研究张雅文，沈宗旋，潘备，杨海康，陆新华，陆澄容（苏州大学化学系苏州２１５００６）关键词缩合，二氢吡啶，微波Ｈａｎｔｚｓｃｈ合成是制备１，４－二氢吡啶的经典方法。这一合成的改进方法之一是３－氨基巴豆酸酯与醛和乙酰乙...     

SYNTHESIS OF AMINONAPHTHALENE DERIVATIVES USING THE BUCHERER REACTION UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

A very simple and efficient method to prepare aminonaphthalene derivatives in good yield using the Bucherer reaction under microwave irradiation in a closed vessel is described. A reaction time of 30min at 150 Watts of microwave power was established as the optimum irradiation conditions when approximately 2 g of the initial hydroxynaphthalene was used in the synthesis.     

IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF 3-SPIRO INDOLINES IN DRY MEDIA UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

An efficient, one-pot synthesis of novel spiro [indole-dipyrrolopyridines] (8) was achieved under microwave irradiation by the interaction of spiro [indole-dipyrrolopyrans] (3) with ammonium acetate (7) in the presence of acetic acid. Spiro [indole-dipyrrolopyrans] (3) were synthesized “in situ” by the reaction of indole-2,3-diones (1) and 2-pyrrolidone (2) in 1:2 molar ratio by microwave induced techniques for the first time. Comparative studies have been made between (a) microwave irradiation of (i) neat reaction of reactants in the absence of any solvent or catalyst (ii) reaction in presence of o-dichlorobenzene and (b) classical heating.     

SYNTHESIS OF AMIDES FROM ESTERS AND AMINES UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

ABSTRACT

Formamide, primary and secondary amines react with esters in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide under microwave irradiation. Substituted amides are formed in yields (generally more than 70%) much higher than under conventional heating.     

RAPID SYNTHESIS OF 2,5-DISUBSTITUTED 1,3,4-OXADIAZOLES UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

A number of symmetrically 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles are quickly prepared by the reaction of aromatic acids with hydrazine dihydrochloride in a mixture of orthophosphoric acid and phosphorus pentoxide under microwave irradiation.     

SOLID STATE SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED COUMARIN-3-CARBOXYLIC ACIDS VIA THE KNOEVENAGEL CONDENSATION UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

Synthesis of substituted coumarin-3-carboxylic acids using the Knovenagel reaction of malonic acid and O-hydroxyaryl aldehydes supported onto HZSM-5 zeolite under microwave irradiation is described.     

SYNTHESIS OF MONO-AND DIALKYLPHOSPHATES BY THE REACTIONS OF HYDROXYCOMPOUNDS WITH THE PHOSPHORUS PENTAOXIDE UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

The reactions of phosphorus pentoxide with two alcohols and one phenol were performed in different conditions under microwave irradiation. The products (alkylphosphates and dialkylphosphates) were identical to those formed by classic heating and were obtained with better yields. The speed of the reaction was increased by a factor from 100 to 4000.     

THE SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL SUBSTITUTED 2,5-DIOXO-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-OCTAHYDROQUINOLINES WITHOUT SOLVENT UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

A convenient synthetic method for substituted 2,5-dioxo-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquinolines is described. Heating Meldrum's acid, dimedone, ammonium acetate and different aromatic aldehydes without a solvent in a microwave irradiation for 2–5 minutes affords 4 in 72–86% yield. The structure of these compounds has been thoroughly studied by x-ray crystallographic analysis.     

微波辐射KF-Al2O3催化合成查尔酮的研究

查尔酮是重要的有机全合成中间体,常用醇钠[1]或氢氧化钠[2]作催化剂由醛酮缩合而成,这时常由于强碱而发生副反应,最近,钟琦[3]等用有机碲氧化物做催化剂得到较好效果,但该催化剂的制备较困难,价格昂贵,陆文兴等人[4]用KF-Al2O3催化合成查尔酮,但反应时间太长,产率不高,近年来由于微波辐射可在较短时间内提供高能量,使化学键断裂而发生化学反应.本文以苯乙酮为原料,与不同类型醛在KF-Al2O3做催化剂、以干燥甲醇为溶剂进行微波辐射下的合成反应,制备了六种查尔酮.结果表明,反应速度快,产率高,同时在反应物量少时无需机械搅拌,显示出该法在合成上的优越性.     

微波辐射条件下对氯硝基苯和酚盐的反应

近年来 ,微波技术在化学领域中的应用不断扩大。国内外有不少综述和应用的报道 ,在许多有机反应 ,如缩合[1 ] 、取代[2 ] 、重排[3] 、氧化[4] 、还原[1 ] 中 ,都有应用微波技术的报道。在微波辐射条件下 ,许多反应缩短了反应时间 ,增加了反应的选择性 ,提高了反应的收率 ,甚至使原来一些难以进行的反应得以顺利进行[5] 。在合成化学上 ,微波技术已经展现出很好的应用前景。硝基二苯醚类化合物是一类很重要的化合物 ,被广泛应用于农药、染料、颜料、医药和橡胶助剂等领域[6] ,其经典的合成方法是Ｕｌｌｍａｎ法或Ｗｉｌｌｉａｍｓｏｎ法[7～…     

微波辐射下阳离子交换树脂催化合成1-萘乙酸甲酯

以阳离子交换树脂732、NKC-9、D072和D061为催化剂,在微波条件下使用1-萘乙酸和甲醇合成1-萘乙酸甲酯.研究了微波法及常规法活化阳离子交换树脂的催化性能.实验结果表明,微波法活化阳离子交换树脂的催化性能好,酯化反应时间只需30min,酯产率就高达99.05%;使用过的催化剂用微波法处理活化后,催化酯化的产率最高也达97.16%.     

A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF OXETENE VIA [2+2]CYCLOADDITION REACTION UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

ABSTRACT

A facile and fast preparation of oxetene has been reported by a microwave mediated [2+2]cycloaddition reaction of steroidal formyl enamides and alkynes in a solventless condition.     

微波辐射合成2-苯基-4-亚苄基5-(4H)-唑酮

恶唑酮及其衍生物是合成氨基酸、芳基乙酸及许多天然产物的重要中间体[1] 。一般由马尿酸与芳醛在脱水剂醋酐及催化剂如醋酸钠 [2 ]、碳酸钾[3] 、氯化锌[4 ] 、N-氯乙酰 -苯酰胺 -醋酸钠[5] 、KF-Al2 O3[6 ] 等存在下环化脱水 -缩合而得。但大都反应时间长 ,后处理复杂。1 986年 ,Gedye等人 [7]和 Gignere等人 [8]利用微波辐射有效地加速了有机化学反应 ,从此 ,作为一种新的有机合成方法引起了有机化学工作者的高度重视。本文报道将微波技术用于标题化合物的合成 ,获得了预期的效果。1　实验部分WC-1型熔点测定仪 ,温度计未校正 ;Nicol…     

SYNTHESIS OF 2-(4-CHLOROBENZOYLAMIDO)-5-ARYLOXYMETHYL-1,3,4-OXADIAZOLES UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

2-(4-Chlorobenzoylamido)-5-aryloxymethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (IIa–j) are synthesized by cyclization of 1-aryloxyacetyl-4-(4- chlorobenzoyl)-thiosemicarbazides (Ia-j) in the presence of mercuric acetate under the condition of microwave irradiation.     

微波辐照下无皂阳离子聚(St-MMA)高分子纳米粒子的制备和表征

讨论了微波辐照下 ,以丙酮 水为分散介质 ,利用阳离子型自由基引发剂偶氮二异丁基脒盐酸盐(AIBA)引发苯乙烯 (St)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)共聚 ,合成出表面带正电荷的P(St MMA)共聚物纳米粒子 ,考察了丙酮用量、单体和引发剂浓度对纳米粒子粒径、粒径分布和乳液稳定性的影响 .结果表明 ,丙酮 水的体积比由 0增加到 1 2 6∶1时 ,粒子的平均水化半径从 12 2 2 1nm降低到 2 4 6 8nm ,粒径分布变宽 ,乳液抗电解质稳定性逐渐增强 ;增加引发剂和共聚单体MMA的浓度 ,粒子的水化半径逐渐减小 ,粒径分散系数增大 .     

IMIDATION OF CYCLIC CARBOXYLIC ANHYDRIDES UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

Efficient and facile conversion of cyclic carboxylic anhydrides to corresponding imides with formamide under microwave irradiation is described.     

A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLIN-4(3H)-ONES UNDER MICROWAVE AND SOLVENT-FREE CONDITIONS

A clean and facile synthesis of the title compounds is achieved from cyclocondensation of 2-aminobenzamides with orthoesters catalyzed by SiO ₂ /H ₂ SO ₄ in dry and microwave conditions.     

微波辐射下一步合成吡啶和吡喃衍生物

吡啶衍生物具有重要的生物活性 ,用作药物和农用化学品如ｈｅｒｂｉｃｉｄｅｓ[1 ] 。有些吡啶衍生物具有荧光性质 ,已被用于液晶工业。一些 2 氨基 4Ｈ吡喃具有光化学活性[2 ] 。多取代的四氢吡喃还是许多天然产物的基本结构单元[3] 。 4 芳基四氢吡喃可以转变成吡啶衍生物 ,后者是药物上重要的钙离子通道调节剂[4～6] 。自从ＳａｋｕｒａｉａｎｄＭｉｄｏｒｉｋａｗａ[7] 于 1 968年第一次报道在醋酸铵存在下丙二腈与α、β 不饱和酮反应得到吡啶衍生物以来 ,丙二腈与α、β 不饱和酮反应用于吡啶和吡喃衍生物的合成已愈来愈引起人们兴趣…     

A FACILE ONE-POT SYNTHESIS OF METHYL(2E)-2-METHYLALK-2-ENOATES FROM BAYLIS-HILLMAN ADDUCTS UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

A facile procedure for the synthesis of the title compound is described.     

微波快速烷基化合成α—氨基酸

前文曾报道以固体K_2CO_3作为碱的固-液相转移催化条件下,醛亚胺的α-位能形成碳负离子,并顺利地进行烷基化反应,水解后生成α-氨基酸。 微波技术已用于一些化合物的合成反应。本文用微波技术进行相转移催化反应,以N-苯亚甲氨基乙酸甲酯为原料,分别与不同的卤化物反应,经水解生成不同的α-氨基酸。其特