SYNTHESIS OF POLY(METHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE) AND COPOLYMERS WITH POLY(ETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE)

Poly(methylene terephthalate) (PMT) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were synthesized by triethylamine-mediated reactions of terephthalic acid and dihalomethanes or 1,2-dihaloethanes, respectively. Reactions with chloro compounds required longer reaction times and higher temper-atures than those with bromo. Copolymers were synthesized by using proportionate amounts of dihalomethane/1,2-dihaloethane mixtures. Copolymer compositions were determined by inte-grations of relative areas of methylene and ethylene ¹H NMR peaks. Mn values were determined from ¹H NMR end group signals. Mole fraction feed is linearly related to CH₂/CH₂CH₂ incorporation into copolymer products. Mechanisms are proposed to explain results.     

丙烯酰胺在聚乙二醇水溶液中聚合产品的微观形态

采用偶氮类水溶性引发剂2,2′-偶氮二异丙基咪唑啉二盐酸盐(VA044)引发丙烯酰胺(AM)在聚乙二醇(PEG)水溶液中的双水相聚合;研究了引发剂、单体、聚乙二醇浓度及温度对最终产品中聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)液滴形态、尺寸的影响.随着引发剂浓度的增加,液滴由球状变为细长条状;随着温度的上升,球状液滴逐渐趋于条状,然后又重新趋于球状;在初始单体浓度较低时,PAM液滴滴径分布较窄,当其浓度增加后,滴径呈多峰分布;随着PEG浓度的增加,聚合物液滴趋于球状。     

MORPHOLOGY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLY(ETHYLENEOCTENE) COPOLYMERS OBTAINED BY DYNAMIC PACKING INJECTION MOLDING*

The morphology and mechanical properties of poly(ethylene-octene)copolymers(POE)obtained by dynamic packing injection molding were investigated by mechanical tests,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The mechanical tests found that only POE with low octene content and high molecular weight show apparent response for external shear field.Further investigation has been done by DSC,FT-IR,and SEM in order to make clear the reason of that phenomenon.Finally,the hypothetical mechanism of POE microstructure formation under shear field has been proposed.For POE with low octene content and high molecular weight,orientation degree and mechanical properties both increase substantially under shear field.For POE with low octene content and low molecular weight,orientation degree and crystallinity increase under shear field,but it is not dramatically benefit for the mechanical properties.For POE with high octene content and high molecular weight,the shear field has little effect on the morphology and mechanical properties.     

聚对二氧环己酮/聚乙二醇多嵌段共聚物的合成与表征

首先合成双端羟基的聚对二氧环己酮预聚物(PPDO)和双端羧基的聚乙二醇预聚物(PEG),然后以丁二酸酐/二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)将PPDO与PEG偶联共聚,得到PPDO/PEG多嵌段共聚物.通过1H-NMR和GPC表征了聚合物的结构和分子量.采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热重分析(TGA)研究了共聚物的结晶性能和热稳定性.用透析法制备了共聚物纳米粒子,并用动态光散射(DLS)表征了共聚物纳米粒子的粒径及分散度,结果表明,随着共聚物亲水链段PEG含量的增加,其纳米粒子更易形成,粒子粒径随共聚物分子量增大而增大.     

新型支化聚乙烯亚胺螯合树脂的制备及吸附性能研究

在聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)的胺基上接枝4种不同的侧链,制备出4种新型的螯合树脂。研究这些螯合树脂对重金属离子Hg(II)、Cd(II)、Co(II)、Cu(II)、Zn(II)、Pb(II)、Mg(II)的吸附性能以及选择性吸附,并对温度对Cu(II)的最大吸附量的影响进行了研究。结果表明:新型的螯合树脂对Hg(II)有很好的吸附性能和吸附选择性,对Cu(II)、Cr(III)重金属离子也有较好的吸附性能,随着温度的升高,树脂对金属离子的吸附量逐渐上升。     

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL BLOCK COPOLYMERS OF POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID)WITH POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)THROUGH ANIONIC POLYMERISATION

A novel kind of copolymer with ABA-type block structure was synthesized by anionic ring-openingpolymerization of β-butyrolactone (β-BL) in the presence of a PEG-based dicarboxylates as macroinitiators which wereprepared by the esterification of aliphatic cyclic anhydride and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) oligomers (M_n=2000, 4000 and6000) and conversion of potassium dicarboxylates. The resultant copolymers as well as the intermediates were characterizedby IR,~1H-NMR and GPC.     

CLOUD POINT CURVES OF POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)/POLY(PROPYLENE GLYCOL) MIXTURES AND THEIR THERMODYNAMIC EXPLANATION

In the study of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) mixtures not only a bimodal shape but also a reverse trend of the dependence on molecular weight of the cloud point curves were observed.This trend indicates that the miscibility of the studied mixtures decreases as the molecular weight of one component decreases. The excess volumes of the mixtures show that the interaction parameter between two components decreases at first and increases after passing a minimum as the concentration of one component increases. This supports the explanation of Koningsveld on the bimodal shape of cloud point curves. Based on a binary interaction model a formula was derived revealing that the interaction between PPG and the end group of PEG and the hydrogen bonding interaction between ether and hydroxy end group inner or inter PEG molecules are not favorable for mixing. The latter interaction is an "attractive" force in PEG molecules. The two interactions are responsible for the observed abnormal dependence.     

聚丙交酯/聚乙二醇多嵌段共聚物的合成及其性能

聚丙交酯 (ＰＬＬＡ)由于具有良好的生物降解性和生物相容性 ,在医学领域已经得到了广泛的临床应用 ,近来又被制备成细胞支架大量应用于组织工程中[1,2 ] ,但由于其疏水性而造成细胞亲和性不好 .聚乙二醇 (ＰＥＧ)具有良好的亲水性 ,良好的生物相容性 ,但是ＰＥＧ是非降解性的 ,只有低分子量的ＰＥＧ可以被吞噬细胞所吞噬或透过肾滤膜而排出体外 ,因此 ,低分子量的ＰＥＧ常被用来与丙交酯 (Ｌ ＬＡ)共聚以改善ＰＬＬＡ支架的亲水性 .聚丙交酯 聚乙二醇共聚物 (ＰＬＥ)的三嵌段及两嵌段共聚物的合成及其性能的研究已被广泛报道[3～ 5] .研究…     

聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)/聚丙烯酰胺无机/有机互穿网络水凝胶的制备及表征

通过紫外引发聚合方法制备了无机交联的聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAAm)/有机交联的聚丙烯酰胺(PAAm)互穿网络(IPN)水凝胶.利用FTIR和SEM分别表征了凝胶的化学结构和内部形态;测定了凝胶在高温(50℃)时的退溶胀性能;利用DMA和DSC分别研究了凝胶的储能模量随温度的变化及热相转变行为.研究表明,该IPN凝胶具有温度敏感性;与未互穿的无机交联PNIPAAm凝胶相比,IPN凝胶具有多孔的网络结构和超快的响应速率,如10min内失去90%的水;其储能模量增加了3～4倍,相转变行为变弱,而最低临界溶解温度(LCST)提高了1.4℃.     

SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERIZATION AND QUENCHING BEHAVIOR OF A CATIONIC POLY(p-PHENYLENEVINYLENE) RELATED COPOLYMER

A cationic poly(p-phenylene vinylene) related copolymer without bulky phenylene substitutents attached to the conjugated backbone was prepared through Wittig reaction.The molecular structure and optical properties were highly investigated through ~1H-NMR,UV and PL spectroscopy.The quenching behavior was also investigated,and the results demonstrate that incomplete quenching exists,which is consistent with the cationic poly(p-phenylene vinylene) related copolymer containing bulky phenylene substitutents,p...     

不同苯乙烯含量的甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯无规共聚物与聚偏氟乙烯共混体系的相容性研究

用DSC、扫描电镜、雾点测量仪等手段,对不同组成的甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯无规共聚物(MS)与聚偏氟乙烯(PVF_2)共混体系的相容性进行了研完。结果表明,随着苯乙烯在MS共聚物中含量的增多,PVF_2/MS共混体系在无定形态时由相容逐渐转变为半相容体系。测定了该体系的最低临界相容温度曲线。     

THE COMPATIBILITY OF BLENDS OF POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) OR CHLORINATED POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) WITH POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE)

IR spectral shifts of carbonyl vibrational absorption for ethyl acetate, which acts analogically as the structural unit of poly(methyl methacrylate), in cyclohexane, chloroform, chlorinated paraffins, poly(vinyl chloride) and chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) were measured. The results suggest that there are specific interactions between the carbonyl groups and the chlorinated hydrocarbons which could be responsible for the apparent compatibility of poly(vinyl chloride)—poly(methyl methacrylate) and chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride)—poly(methyl methacrylate) blends. Additionally, the effects of the preparation mode of blend films on phase separation and observed compatibility are discussed.     

聚(L-丙交酯)/聚(DL-丙交酯)的结晶性能及相溶性

用共溶液沉淀法制备了聚 (L 丙交酯 ) 聚 (DL 丙交酯 )共混物 (PLLA PDLLA) ,然后用成纤模压法压制成3 2mm的棒材 .用差示扫描量热法研究了共混物的结晶性能和相溶性 .结果表明 ,PLLA组分在共溶液沉淀过程中可生成结晶 ,共混物中PDLLA含量直到 30 %时 ,PLLA组分的结晶熔融温度和结晶度与纯PLLA相同 ,但PDLLA含量为 5 0 %时 ,PLLA组分的结晶熔融温度和结晶度明显下降 .由于加工成型条件的不一致性 ,共混物棒材中的PLLA组分的结晶熔融温度和结晶度呈较大的分散性 .共混物从熔体降温 ,在其后的升温DSC扫描中出现分别相应于PDLLA和PLLA的玻璃化转变 ,表明PDLLA与未结晶的PLLA形成的非晶相是不相溶的     

二维核磁共振法研究线型聚乙二醇与树枝状聚苄醚形成的三嵌段共聚物

嵌段共聚物是由几个不同的高分子链段通过化学键相连所构成的 .在合成方法上一般是通过几类不同的活性聚合 ,调控单体的加料次序或者通过不同的大分子链段末端的反应活性点偶联而成[1～ 3 ] .所形成的化学键将嵌段共聚物中不相溶的几段相连 ,于是在特定的条件下就产生了微相分离的现象 ,继而可以在 1 0～ 1 0 0nm尺度范围内形成各种各样的微区结构[4,5] .在过去的几十年里 ,研究的重点是认定嵌段共聚物的微区结构和研究微相分离的动力学 ,已发表了大量重要的结果 ,至今仍然是高分子科学中的热门课题 .非常重要的一点是 ,正是由于不同的高分…     

聚乙烯丙烯酸与聚(2-乙基-2-噁唑啉)接枝共聚物的合成及表征

选用聚乙烯 丙烯酸 (EAA)为接枝母体 ,首先摸索出 2 乙基 2 唑啉阳离子开环聚合的规律 ,得到高转化率端基为活性离子的聚 ( 2 乙基 2 唑啉 ) (PEOX) ,再与EAA羟基侧基进行接枝反应 ,考察了开环聚合条件及接枝反应条件对接枝率的影响 ,在一定的条件下得到了接枝率 >2 5%的聚乙烯 丙烯酸与聚 ( 2 乙基 2 唑啉 )的接枝共聚物 (EAA g PEOX) .该接枝物用于聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯 /聚丙烯 (PBT/PP)共混体系中作相容剂 ,可提高两者的相容性 .     

AB型两亲聚L-谷氨酸-苄酯-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物的合成与表征

利用L 谷氨酸和苯甲醇反应制备了L 谷氨酸 苄酯 ,然后将其与三聚光气反应制备了N 羧基 L 谷氨酸 环内酸酐 (NCA) .以聚乙二醇单甲醚 (MPEG)为原料 ,制备了端氨基聚乙二醇单甲醚 (MPEG NH2 ) ,并以此作为引发剂 ,引发NCA开环聚合 ,合成了不同分子量的聚L 谷氨酸 苄酯 聚乙二醇单甲醚 (PBGM )嵌段共聚物 .利用IR、1 H NMR、DSC、GPC等方法对共聚物结构进行了表征 .结果表明 ,MPEG NH2 引发NCA开环聚合得到的是嵌段共聚物 ,通过1 H NMR谱得到共聚物组成及数均分子量 ;随着共聚物中MPEG含量的增高 ,聚L 谷氨酸 苄酯的亲水性有所改善     

聚乙烯—丙烯酸与聚（2—乙基—2—恶唑啉）接枝共聚物的合成及表征

选用聚乙烯－丙烯酸（ＥＡＡ）为接枝母体,首先摸索出２－乙基－２－恶唑啉阳离子开环聚合的规律,得到高转化率端基为活性翁离子的聚（２－乙基－２－恶唑啉）（ＰＥＯＸ）,再与ＥＡＡ羟基侧基进行接枝反应,考察了开环聚合条件及接枝反应条件对接枝率的影响,在一定的条件下得到了接枝率〉２５％的聚乙烯－丙烯酸与聚（２－乙基－２－恶唑啉）的接枝共聚物（ＥＡＡ－ｇ－ＰＥＯＸ）。该接枝物用于聚对苯二甲酸丁醇酯／聚丙烯（Ｐ     

SYNTHETIC STUDIES ON BLOOD COMPATIBLE BIOMATERIALSⅡ. SYNTHESIS OF POLY(ETHYLENEGLYCOL MONOMETHYLLTHER ) METHACRYLATE AND ANTITHROMBOGENICITY OF ITS COPOLYMERS

Poly (ethyleneglycol monomethylether) methacrylate (PEGMM)was synthesized by means of the reaction of methacrylyl chloride with sodium monomethylpolyethyleneglycoxide and was characterized by FTIR, ~1H-NMR,and ultraviolet spectrometries. A series of poly (vinyl alcohol)-graft-PEGMM (PVA-g-PEGMM )and methyl methacrylate-PEGMM copolymer (PMMA-PEGMM) were prepared and tested for antithrombogenicity in vitro. The results indicate that the antithrombogenicity of the copolymers basically increases with the increasing of the DP of polyoxyethylene (POE) chain and tends to a plateau after the DP around 114,i.e. the long chain structure of POE is favourable to the antithrombogenicityof its copolymers ;moreover, the extent of the improvement ofantithrombogenicity also relates to the PEGMM content of the copolymers and the kind of the matrix that the POE chains are located on. These results are consistent with the anticipation of the hypothesis of maintaining proteins normal conformations for blood compatible bioraaterials.     

PTHF-b-PMMA/PVC共混体系的相容性和结晶行为

研究了具有焓效应的聚四氢呋喃-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯两嵌段共聚物与聚氯乙烯PTHF-b-PMMA/PVC)共混体系的相容性和结晶行为. 结果表明, 其相容性比AB/A型嵌段共聚物共混体系的相容性要好得多; 与PTHF部分相容的PVC对PTHF微区的结晶行为可产生很大的影响. 应用有关理论和模型很好地解释了结晶行为的这种变化.     

STUDIES ON THE REGULAR COPOLYMERS OF POLY (1, 4-PHENYLENETEREPHTHALAMIDE)

Two types of the regular copolymer of poly (1, 4-phenyleneterephthalamide) were synthesized by the low temperature solution polycondensation in NMP-CaCl_2 solvent system, using the piperazine or 2,5-dimethylpiperazine as the third components introduced in the main chain of poly (1, 4-phenyleneterephthalamide). The properties of copolymers were characterized by IR, SEM, X-RAY diffraction, polarizing microscopy, TGA and solubilities.Experimental results showed that the copolymers had good solubility and thermal stability, the concentrated sulfuric acid (～98% ) solution of regular PPTA copolymers had liquid crystalline proper-