随机薛定谔级联方程：理论和应用

随机薛定谔级联方程是一种基于波函数的严格量子动力学方法,它可用于研究耦合到玻色子热库的复杂体系中的量子动力学过程. 本综述从开放量子体系费曼路径积分的影响泛函出发,概述了随机薛定谔级联方程的一般理论框架和各种具体表述形式,并通过对复杂体系中超快激发能量转移过程的模拟来展示方法的应用范例和计算效率.     

耗散子运动方程与福克-普朗克量子主方程

发展非线性耦合环境下精确、非微扰的量子耗散方法仍然是一个巨大的挑战.本文针对线性和二次耦合热浴模型,介绍了两种刻画系统与环境耦合动力学的有效方法.一个是耗散子运动方程（DEOM）理论,最近已被扩展到处理非线性耦合环境.另一个是推广的福克-普朗克量子主方程（FP-QME）方法,将在这项工作中基于DEOM推导给出.本文对这两种方法进行了详细的比较,并重点介绍了所涉及的准粒子图像、物理含义以及实现方案.     

耗散子运动方程组的可控截断

为耗散子运动方程组提出精度可控的预截断方案来模拟和研究非微扰的量子耗散动力学．发展了具有类似Caldeira-Leggett主方程形式、在终止阶层采取马尔科夫和高温近似方法的截断方案,根据马尔科夫性质的分析给出确定终止层数的精度判据,并通过电荷转移体系的动力学模拟进行了检验．     

高效级联量子耗散动力学计算相干二维光谱方法的发展

为了能够高效计算非线性光学响应函数,提出了级联方程组的混合海森堡-薛定谔方案以及块矩阵操作方法. 同时,这些方法也与最近发展的级联方程组的最优构建和过滤传播子相结合, 模拟了不同光学四波混频配置下激子二聚体模型体系的相干二维光谱,重点研究了其中分子间转移耦合和激子{激子相互作用的影响.     

一类基于级联结构的量子好码

借助经典级联码的思想，详细阐述了通过适当选择量子码作为外码和内码，构造一般意义量子级联码的过程.在此基础上，通过选择量子RS码作为外码，一组特殊结构的量子码作为内码，具体构造出了一类量子级联码，证明了其是量子好码.在量子纠错码领域中，这是首次利用经典坏码构造出量子好码.     

基于二维广义非线性薛定谔方程的逆级联现象

在外部势场和初始空间局部有限振幅脉冲给定的情况下,基于二维广义非线性薛定谔方程i?_tE+p▽²E+[V(x,y)+q|E|²]E=0,研究了波的不稳定性随时间的演化。波的不稳定性演化主要依赖于方程里的群色散系数p=p_r+ip_i和非线性系数q=q_r+iq_i,数值结果发现系统会出现调制不稳定性、波坍缩、逆级联以及整个空间的湍流态。当p=3.5+0.5i,q=8.0+0.9i时,数值结果发现系统在出现部分逆级联之后波场的能量主要聚集在波矢量k空间中半径|k|≥100的短波区域,同时形成了以区域中心为圆心,半径|k|≈100的圆形相对稳定区域。当粘性阻尼系数p_i在[0.1,1.0]时,数值结果发现产生逆级联的部分区域随着p_i(<1.1)的不断增大而逐渐缩小,相对稳定的圆域半径从零开始逐渐增大。因此,粘性系数p_i相当于系统中的一个调节开关,调整它在一定范围(p_i<...     

广义量子主方程：教程综述和最新进展

广义量子主方程(GQME)为模拟嵌入在量子环境中的开放量子体系的约化动力学提供了一种通用且严格的计算方法. 开放量子体系的动力学在能量、电荷以及量子相干转移过程和光化学反应中至关重要. 量子系统通常被定义为我们感兴趣的自由度,例如捕光分子的电子态或凝聚态体系中的特定振动模式. 系统周围的环境也被称为热浴,必须考虑它对系统的影响. 例如,广义量子主方程理论中用投影算符方法对其进行描述. 本综述总结了广义量子主方程的两种标准形式,即时间卷积形式的Nakajima-Zwanzig GQME和无卷积形式的广义量子主方程. 在更流行的NZ-GQME形式中,记忆核刻画了非马尔可夫和非微扰效应,给出了约化密度矩阵的精确量子动力学. 总结了几种通过含有分子信息但无投影算符的时间关联函数作为输入信息,进而求解含投影算符的记忆核的方法. 特别值得一提的是近期提出的NZ-GQME改进版方法,该方法是基于将哈密顿量划分为更通用的对角和非对角部分. 上述系统相关的热浴时间关联函数可以通过数值精确或近似量子动力学方法计算. 本文将有助于理解广义量子主方程的理论背景,并且展望通过GQME与量子计算技术的结合解决使用当今最先进的经典超级计算机无法解决的与量子动力学和量子信息相关的复杂问题.     

热质的运动和传递-最低热质能耗散原理和热质运动方程

过增元基于质能方程提出了热质的概念.在非平衡热力学中,存在最低能量耗散原理,根据该原理可以导出热传导,扩散及粘性流动等不可逆输运过程的方程式.当采用热质模型对传热现象进行描述时,发现热质的运动也满足最小作用量原理:最低热质能耗散原理,根据该原理可以推导得出热质运动的动量守恒方程。     

Relaxation dynamics in a stochastic bosonic Josephson junction

We consider a bosonic Josephson junction in the Bose-Hubbard two-mode approximation where some of the parameters are corrupted by physically meaningful noise processes and study the corresponding relaxation dynamics towards its equilibrium state. We show with numerical simulations that this model can essentially capture all the important features observed in a recent experiment regarding the relaxation dynamics in one-dimensional bosonic Josephson junctions, namely the damped oscillations of the population imbalance and the relative phase, as well as the large final coherence factor. We expect that this work will further motivate research about the origin of relaxation mechanism in these systems.     

A Note on Stress-Tensors,Conservation and Equations of Motion

Some unusual relations between stress tensors, conservation and equations of motion are briefly reviewed. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants PHY99-73935:04-01667.     

Quantum correlation dynamics in photosynthetic processes assisted by molecular vibrations

During the long course of evolution, nature has learnt how to exploit quantum effects. In fact, recent experiments reveal the existence of quantum processes whose coherence extends over unexpectedly long time and space ranges. In particular, photosynthetic processes in light-harvesting complexes display a typical oscillatory dynamics ascribed to quantum coherence. Here, we consider the simple model where a dimer made of two chromophores is strongly coupled with a quasi-resonant vibrational mode. We observe the occurrence of wide oscillations of genuine quantum correlations, between electronic excitations and the environment, represented by vibrational bosonic modes. Such a quantum dynamics has been unveiled through the calculation of the negativity of entanglement and the discord, indicators widely used in quantum information for quantifying the resources needed to realize quantum technologies. We also discuss the possibility of approximating additional weakly-coupled off-resonant vibrational modes, simulating the disturbances induced by the rest of the environment, by a single vibrational mode. Within this approximation, one can show that the off-resonant bath behaves like a classical source of noise.     

Collapse–revival of quantum discord and entanglement

In this paper the correlations dynamics of two atoms in the case of a micromaser-type system is investigated. Our results predict certain quasi-periodic collapse and revival phenomena for quantum discord and entanglement when the field is in Fock state and the two atoms are initially in maximally mixed state, which is a special separable state. Our calculations also show that the oscillations of the time evolution of both quantum discord and entanglement are almost in phase and they both have similar evolution behavior in some time range. The fact reveals the consistency of quantum discord and entanglement in some dynamical aspects.     

The Non-Compact Quantum Dilogarithm and the Baxter Equations

A review of the recent formulation of the quantum discrete Liouville model in the strongly coupled regime (corresponding to the Virasoro central charge 1相似文献   

Quantum Zeno Dynamics Through Stochastic Protocols

Quantum measurements play a crucial role in quantum mechanics since they perturb, unavoidably and irreversibly, the state of the measured quantum system. More extremely, the constant observation of a quantum system can even freeze its dynamics to a subspace, effectively truncating the Hilbert space of the system. It represents the quantum version of the famous flying arrow Zeno paradox, and is called quantum Zeno dynamics. In general, it can be obtained by applying frequent consecutive quantum measurements that are equally spaced in time. Here, we introduce time disorder in the measurement sequence, and analytically investigate how this temporal stochasticity may affect the confinement probability of the system in the subspace. As main result, we then exploit how different dissipative and coherent Zeno protocols can be generalized to this stochastic scenario. Finally, our analytical predictions are numerically tested on a paradigmatic spin chain where we find a trade‐off between a probabilistic scheme with high fidelity (compared to perfect subspace dynamics) and a deterministic one with a slightly lower fidelity, moving further steps towards new schemes of Zeno‐based control for future quantum technologies.     

Maximally robust unravelings of quantum master equations

The stationary state of an open quantum system has infinitely many representations as an ensemble of pure states. We argue that the most natural ensemble is the most robust physically realizable ensemble. Robustness is quantified by the survival probability. Physical realization requires monitoring the environment to “unravel” the dissipative evolution.