依纲悟本 培养能才

近几年全国高考物理试题,“源于课本,又高于课本” 的题所占的比例不少,“饮水思源”,若我们在物理教学中从实际出发,注意挖掘教材,在教学中对每个例题、习题所涉及的知识点的基本方法和物理思想进行认真地分析并通过练习使学生掌握,激活学生的思维,必能起到“举一反三、事半功倍”之效.     

自制“力的合成与分解”演示仪

在现行的物理课本中,有关力的合成与分解的实验操作不方便、不利于演示实验和学生自主探究。为此,本文介绍自制“力的合成与分解”演示仪的制作方法、特点以及在物理教学中的使用方法和操作过程,从而克服学生在物理实验学习中的困难,弥补高中物理课本中实验设计的不足。     

我在“压强”教学中指导学生阅读课本的点滴体会

我在“压强”教学中指导学生阅读课本的点滴体会①徐建华（桂林市十二中桂林５４１００１）在初中物理教学中，培养学生科学的学习方法，使学生学会学习，是当前实施九年义务教育的重要任务之一。而对学生学习方法的指导是多方面的，现仅以压强教学为例，谈谈自己指导学生...     

创设情境在物理“探案式”教学中的运用

在初中物理探究式教学中，利用课本中的实验、故事、插图、习题，在物理教学中创设情境，激发学生的好奇心理和学习兴趣，有利于培养学生的创新精神和动手能力，达到提高物理教学质量的目的。     

物理课本中著名实验的教学

物理课本中著名实验的教学谭琦耀（广西河池民族工业中专学校５４７０００）物理课本中著名的实验，是历史上物理定律和理论建立的依据，是科学家创造性思维活动的结晶，在教学上无论是对学生实验能力的培养或是对学生科学素质（学习物理知识的态度和方法）的培养，都有重...     

通过“一题多解”培养发散思维

通过几道力学题目具体说明了“一题多解”在物理教学中的作用,“一题多解”有助于学生对课本知识深入理解;有助于培养学生的发散思维;有助于学生构建正确的物理图像.     

关于“湿度”的教学

物理课本上册“湿度”一节内容比较简洁,但用“分子运动论”解释的“饱和状态”、饱和汽压等概念比较抽象,既有“绝对湿度”又引入“相对湿度”,学生感到难以接受,为使学生较好地理解,在教学中安排一些直观,形象的实验、实例,能使学生加深对物理概念、物理量的认识和理解. 1 形象实验把两根长约80cm一端封闭的玻璃管各分为两段,再用长约6cm的橡皮管连接在一     

关于物理学科语言与学习能力培养问题的探究

在教学中，经常会听到学生说“物理难学”．教学之余，笔者也经常反思“为什么学生感觉物理难学”．经过长时间的思考与多年的探究，笔者认为物理难学的根本原因是：在物理教学中，学生未能明确和掌握物理学的语言，没能有效培养起学生运用物理学语言的能力，从而影响了学生对解决物理问题的方法和能力的掌握与提高．因此，在物理教学过程中，明确和掌握物理学语言，     

对高一物理“匀减速运动”公式的导出的建议

现行高一物理课本“匀变速直线运动”一章,包括了高中教材运动学的基本内容,为学习动力学打下基础。本章中概念公式及其计算的有关练习对高一学生来说是较难接受的。新课本在科学知识的系统上,概念介绍的方法上比以前的课本(陈问新、许南明编)改进了许多。下面仅就笔者在教学“匀减速运动”一课中所发现的问题,以及个人处理的意见谈谈。课本中介绍加速度概念时,用α这一通用符号表示在匀变速直线运动中加速度的量位。     

基于“支架式教学模式”的教学设计——以“滑动摩擦力”的教学为例

支架式教学模式是指教师在教学过程中搭建“支架”,通过支架引导学生主动经历知识的形成过程,深刻理解知识的内涵并最终达成意义建构[1]。高中物理课本中有很多课例适合运用支架式教学,本文以滑动摩擦力的教学为例在构建的物理情景支架基础上搭建问题支架,让学生在思考和活动中主动获得相关知识,从而为探究支架式教学模式在物理课堂上的应用提供参考。     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

On the calculation of the bremsstrahlung in the region of the plasma frequency

On the basis of the classical theory of radiation produced in incomplete Coulomb interaction, a formula is derived for the coefficient of the bremsstrahlung of fully ionized plasma. In the region of rectilinear approximation a comparison is made with the results of the quantum formula derived from the Born approximation. Furthermore, the influence of dispersion upon the emission coefficient is taken into account; some relations for the region of dispersion are given.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

On the Question of the Source of the Apokamp

Technical Physics - The object of this work is the apokamp—a new type of plasma jet, which is formed from a bright offshoot emerging at the bending point of a channel of a high-voltage...