Measurement of charged particle production from 450 GeV/c protons on beryllium

This paper presents the results on charged particle yields and production ratios as measured by the NA56/SPY experiment for 450 GeV/c proton interactions on beryllium targets. The data cover a secondary momentum range from 7 GeV/c to 135 GeV/c and values up to 600 MeV/c. An experimental accuracy on the measured yields in the range from 5% to 10%, depending on the beam momentum, and around 3% for the particle production ratios has been achieved. These measurements are relevant for a precise evaluation of fluxes and composition of neutrino beams at accelerators. Results on the target thickness and shape dependence are also reported. Inclusive invariant cross sections in the forward direction have been derived. Received: 12 January 1999 / Published online: 8 September 1999     

Large-angle production of charged pions by 3-12.9?GeV/c protons on beryllium, aluminium and lead targets

Measurements of the double-differential π^± production cross-section in the range of momentum 100 MeV/c≤p< 800 MeV/c and angle 0.35 rad ≤θ<  2.15 rad in proton–beryllium, proton–aluminium and proton–lead collisions are presented. The data were taken with the HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN PS. The pions were produced by proton beams in a momentum range from 3 GeV/c to 12.9 GeV/c hitting a target with a thickness of 5% of a nuclear interaction length. The tracking and identification of the produced particles was performed using a small-radius cylindrical time projection chamber (TPC) placed inside a solenoidal magnet. Incident particles were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors. Results are obtained for the double-differential cross-sections d²σ/dpdθ at six incident proton beam momenta (3 GeV/c, 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c, 8.9 GeV/c (Be only), 12 GeV/c and 12.9 GeV/c (Al only)) and compared to previously available data.     

Direct photon production from pions and protons at 200 GeV/c

Direct photon production has been studied by an experiment performed with the NA3 spectrometer at CERN, using incident negative and positive beams at 200 GeV/c interacting with an isoscalar Carbon target. Two different triggers have been used; one of them requires the photon conversion. The experiment is sensitive to direct photons produced with 3.0≦P _T ≦6 GeV/c and center-of-mass rapidity ?0.4≦y ^*≦1.2. Inclusive cross sections are given for incident π^± and protons, and compared with second order QCD predictions; finally an estimation of the gluon structure function of the nucleon is given.     

Measurement of the production cross-section of positive pions in the collision of 8.9 GeV/c protons on beryllium

The double-differential production cross-section of positive pions, , measured in the HARP experiment is presented. The incident particles are 8.9 GeV/c protons directed onto a beryllium target with a thickness of 5% of a nuclear interaction length. The measured cross-section has a direct impact on the prediction of neutrino fluxes for the MiniBooNE and SciBooNE experiments at Fermilab. After cuts, 13 million protons on target produced about 96000 reconstructed secondary tracks which were used in this analysis. Cross-section results are presented in the kinematic range 0.75 GeV/c≤p_π≤ 6.5 GeV/c and 30 mrad≤θ_π≤ 210 mrad in the laboratory frame.     

Elastic scattering of antiprotons on protons at 5 GeV/c evidence for a backward peak

Antiproton-proton elastic scattering has been measured at 5 GeV/c. A total of 30 000 events were observed in the angular range 17° < θ_cm < 136°, corresponding to 0.3 < −t < 7.7 (GeV/c²). In addition to the known dip at −t = 0.5 (GeV/c)², we observe a structure at about −t = 2 (GeV/c)² and a backward peak with a slope4.1 ± 0.6 (GeV/c)². The extrapolated differential cross-section at u = 0 is 1.3 ± 0.8 μb/(GeV/c)².     

Large-angle production of charged pions by 3?GeV/c–12?GeV/c protons on carbon, copper and tin targets

A measurement of the double-differential π^± production cross-section in proton–carbon, proton–copper and proton–tin collisions in the range of pion momentum 100 MeV/c≤p<800 MeV/c and angle 0.35 rad≤θ<2.15 rad is presented. The data were taken with the HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN PS. The pions were produced by proton beams in a momentum range from 3 GeV/c to 12 GeV/c hitting a target with a thickness of 5% of a nuclear interaction length. The tracking and identification of the produced particles was done using a small-radius cylindrical time projection chamber (TPC) placed in a solenoidal magnet. An elaborate system of detectors in the beam line ensured the identification of the incident particles. Results are shown for the double-differential cross-sections d²σ/dpdθ at four incident proton beam momenta (3 GeV/c, 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c and 12 GeV/c). PACS 13.75.Cs; 13.85.Ni     

Nuclear interactions of 21 GeV/c protons and 50 GeV/c negative pions in emulsions exposed in a strong magnetic field

Incoherent nuclear interactions of 21 GeV/c protons and 50 GeV/cπ ^?-mesons in emulsions exposed in a strong (180 kG) magnetic field have been investigated. The following topics are covered: the multiplicity of various types of charges secondaries, general features of one-particle rapidity and transverse momentum distributions, energy partitions among secondaries, characteristics of the leading particles and relativistic recoil protons, correlation relations. The experimental data are compared with predictions of current models of nuclear production.     

Acceleration of polarized protons to multi-GeV energies and experiments with polarized protons from 2–6 GeV/c

Acceleration of polarized protons. Experiments with polarized protons. Proton-proton total cross-section. Two and three spin proton elastic scattering measurements. Polarization measurements in nucleon-nucleon elastic scattering. Inelastic interactions. Inclusive lambda production. Coherent polarized proton⁴He interactions. Parity tests.Presented at the Symposium on Hadron-Hadron Scattering at High Energies, Liblice, Czechoslovakia, June 16–21, 1975. Work supported by the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration.I would like to thank the authors of all the experiments I have mentioned for their information, both published and unpublished.     

ψψ production and limits on beauty meson production from 400 GeV/c protons

From a study of multimuon events obtained in a high luminosity proton-platinum experiment at 400 GeV/c, we find 5 ± 4ψψ events, which correspond to a production cross section σ(ψψ = 27 ± 10 pb. The observed production is compared to the ψψ events previously found in the same apparatus from incoming π^?; a comparison with QCD predictions is performed, giving a good agreement with expectations from gluon-gluon fusion. Finally, using like-sign dimuon, trimuon and quadrimuon events, we give model-dependent upper limits on beauty meson production: 2 nb/nucleon for central models, 20 nb/nucleon for diffractive production.     

Inclusive highP T π0 production from π± and protons at 200 GeV/c

We have measured the inclusive cross-section for π⁰ production at large transverse momentum by 200 GeV/c positive and negative hadron beams on Carbon targets (2.9<P _T <6 GeV/c; ?0.4<y ^*<1.2). We used the NA3 spectrometer at the CERNSPS.     

Target residues from the reactions of 9 GeV/c protons and deuterons with181Ta

The production of radioactive nuclides in the reactions of 9 GeV/c protons and deuterons with¹⁸¹Ta has been investigated at the Dubna synchrophasotron. The production cross section of target fragments with 24≦A≦178 were determined by off-line gamma-spectroscopy. Charge dispersions and mass yields are deduced from these data. The results are discussed in terms of the concepts of high-energy nuclear physics.     

Comparative yields of alkali elements and thallium from uranium irradiated with GeV protons,3He and12C

Mass-separated ion beams of the alkali elements Na, K, and Fr, and of the element Tl, were produced by bombarding a uranium target with 600 MeV protons, 890 MeV³He^{2 +}, and 936 MeV¹²C^{4 +}. Isotopic production yields are reported. In the case of the¹²C beam, these are thick target yields. Absolute cross-sections for the proton beam data were deduced by normalizing the delay-time corrected yield curves to measured cross-sections. For products farthest away from stability, the³He^{2 +} beam generally gives the highest yields.     

Rapid communication: $$K_{S}^{0}$$ Production from beryllium target using 120 $$\hbox {GeV}/\hbox {c}$$GeV/c protons beam interactions at the MIPP experiment

We have measured the cross-section for the \(K_{S}^{0}\) production from beryllium target using 120 \(\hbox {GeV}/\hbox {c}\) protons beam interactions at the main injector particle production (MIPP) experiment at Fermilab. The data were collected with target having a thickness of 0.94% of the nuclear interaction length. The \(K_{S}^{0}\) inclusive differential cross-section in bins of momenta is presented covering momentum range from \(0.4\,\hbox {GeV}/\hbox {c}\) to \(30\,\hbox {GeV}/\hbox {c}\). The measured inclusive \(K_{S}^{0}\) production cross-section amounts to \(39.54\pm 1.46\delta _{\mathrm {stat}}\pm 6.97\delta _{\mathrm {syst}}\) mb and the value is compared with the prediction of FLUKA hadron production model.     

Total cross sections of π, K, p and on protons and deuterons between 200 and 370 GeV/c

Total cross sections of π^±, K^±, p and on protons and deuterons have been measured at 6 momenta between 200 and 370 GeV/c.     

Topological and leading particle cross sections for 147 GeV/c π− -p interactions

Results are reported based on a study of π^?p interactions at 147 GeV/c in the FERMILAB 30-inch Proportional Wire Hybrid Bubble Chamber System. We have measured the topological cross sections and separated two-prong elastic and inelastic channels. In addition, we have extracted leading particle cross sections using the increased momentum resolution of the downstream proportional wire chambers. We have compared our results with experiments and predictions of a simple fragmentation hyphothesis.     

High transverse momentum prompt photon production by π− and π+ on protons at 280 GeV/c

The inclusive cross sections for prompt photon production by π^? and π⁺ on protons have been measured with a beam momentum of 280 GeV/c using a fine grained electromagnetic calorimeter and the CERN Omega spectrometer. The transverse momentum and Feynmanx _F ranges covered are 4.0<p _T <7.0GeV/c and ?0.45<x _F <0.55 respectively. A quantitative comparison of the prompt photon cross section with next-to-leading order QCD predictions using Duke and Owens structure functions is performed.     

High transverse momentum π0 production by π− and π+ on protons at 280 GeV/c

The inclusive cross sections for π⁰ production by π^? and π⁺ on protons have been measured with a beam momentum of 280 GeV/c using a fine grained electromagnetic calorimeter and the CERN Omega spectrometer. The transverse momentum and Feynmanx _F ranges covered are 4.0<p _T <7.0 GeV/c and ?0.45<x _F <0.6 respectively. The data are compared with leading order QCD calculations.