碱性电解液中K3[Fe(CN)6]在锌阳极上的自发还原和吸附延长锌镍电池的循环寿命

In view of the continuously worsening environmental problems, fossil fuels will not be able to support the development of human life in the future. Hence, it is of great importance to work on the efficient utilization of cleaner energy resources. In this case, cheap, reliable, and eco-friendly grid-scale energy storage systems can play a key role in optimizing our energy usage. When compared with lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries, the excellent safety, environmental benignity, and low toxicity of aqueous Zn-based batteries make them competitive in the context of large-scale energy storage. Among the various Zn-based batteries, due to a high open-circuit voltage and excellent rate performance, Zn-Ni batteries have great potential in practical applications. Nevertheless, the intrinsic obstacles associated with the use of Zn anodes in alkaline electrolytes, such as dendrite, shape change, passivation, and corrosion, limit their commercial application. Hence, we have focused our current efforts on inhibiting the corrosion and dissolution of Zn species. Based on a previous study from our research group, the failure of the Zn-Ni battery was caused by the shape change of the Zn anode, which stemmed from the dissolution of Zn and uneven current distribution on the anode. Therefore, for the current study, we selected K₃[Fe(CN)₆] as an electrolyte additive that would help minimize the corrosion and dissolution of the Zn anode. In the alkaline electrolyte, [Fe(CN)₆]^3– was reduced to [Fe(CN)₆]^4– by the metallic Zn present in the Zn-Ni battery. Owing to its low solubility in the electrolyte, K₄[Fe(CN)₆] adhered to the active Zn anode, thereby inhibiting the aggregation and corrosion of Zn. Ultimately, the shape change of the anode was effectively eliminated, which improved the cycling life of the Zn-Ni battery by more than three times (i.e., from 124 cycles to more than 423 cycles). As for capacity retention, the Zn-Ni battery with the pristine electrolyte only exhibited 40% capacity retention after 85 cycles, while the Zn-Ni battery with the modified electrolyte (i.e., containing K₃[Fe(CN)₆]) showed 72% capacity retention. Moreover, unlike conventional organic additives that increase electrode polarization, the addition of K₃[Fe(CN)₆] not only significantly reduced the charge-transfer resistance in a simplified three-electrode system, but also improved the discharge capacity and rate performance of the Zn-Ni battery. Importantly, considering that this strategy was easy to achieve and minimized additional costs, K₃[Fe(CN)₆], as an electrolyte additive with almost no negative effect, has tremendous potential in commercial Zn-Ni batteries.     

应用Fe2+与K3[Fe(CN)6]反应测定还原性物质Vc

在pH 2～3的溶液中,低浓度Fe^2＋与K3[Fe（CN）6]反应产生的蓝色沉淀为近似真溶液,最大吸收波长为710 nm.形成的近似真溶液吸光度随静置时间变化而逐渐变大,30 min后吸光度变化缓慢.K3[Fe（CN）6]过量时,Fe^2＋浓度与吸光度呈很好的线性关系.Fe^2＋浓度较大时,易形成絮状沉淀.在pH 2～3的Fe^3＋-K3[Fe（CN）6]体系中,加入Vc能将Fe^3＋还原成Fe^2＋,进而与K3[Fe（CN）6]反应,30 min后测定蓝色拟真溶液的吸光度,Vc的量与溶液的吸光度同样有很好的线性关系,线性相关系数R〉0.999,检出限为0.94μg.     

KOH和K3[Fe(CN) 6]混合液中颗粒孔径对NiO电极电容器性能的影响

合成5种孔径大小分布的NiO样品,测定各NiO电极在3mol/L KOH或其添加K3[Fe(CN)6]的电解液中的电化学电容性能.结果表明,NiO电极孔径分布在15nm左右,可有效减慢铁氰酸根离子向液相的扩散,从而提高N4 (NiO)电极的充放电效率.     

K4[Ru(CN)6]对T-颗粒溴碘化银乳剂感光性能及光电子寿命影响的研究

本文研究了K₄[Ru(CN)₆]掺杂剂对T-颗粒溴碘化银乳剂感光性能以及光电子寿命的影响,研究结果表明,掺杂剂的掺杂量、掺杂位置以及在乳剂颗粒内部的分布区域对乳剂的感光性能都有影响.掺杂位置接近表面或接近颗粒几何核心时效果明显,掺杂位置接近富碘区域时,乳剂的感光度变化不明显或是下降.掺杂位置决定了掺杂剂的最佳用量,在66%—92%位置掺杂时,感光度提高最为显著.与未掺杂乳剂相比,最佳掺杂位置和最佳掺杂量乳剂的自由光电子与浅束缚光电子的寿命都有所延长.     

掠射椭偏术对K_4〔Fe(CN)_6〕/K_3〔Fe(CN)_6〕电极反应的研究

提出掠射椭圆偏振测试技术的实验方案,应用该掠射式技术结合循环伏安法研究了在镀有Ｉｎ２Ｏ３玻璃片上进行的Ｋ４〔Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６〕／Ｋ３〔Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６〕电极反应．结果证明：掠射椭圆偏振术可在电化学反应过程中现场测定椭圆偏振参数及其变化规律,这些规律与所发生的表面电化学反应规律相对应,由此可以对电极体系进行研究;现场掠射椭圆偏振术还能用于分析表面扩散层的性质,弥补其它界面研究方法的缺陷．     

电化学石英晶体阻抗系统研究金电极上Fe(CN)_6~(3-)/Fe(CN)_6~(4-)电化学过程

电化学过程的石英晶体阻抗分析法已用于现场获取电活性聚合物粘弹性等信息［１,２］．本文联用ＨＰ４３９５Ａ阻抗／网络／频谱分析仪和ＥＧ＆ＧＭ２８３恒电位仪开发出电化学石英晶体阻抗系统（ＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌＱｕａｒｔｚＣｒｙｓｔａｌＩｍｐｅｄａｎ...     

差分脉冲吸附溶出伏安法同时测定锌电解液中铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)

在含有亚硫酸钠的pH 8.8的氨水-氯化铵缓冲溶液中,丁二酮肟-锌体系与铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)产生络合物吸附波,据此提出了差分脉冲吸附溶出伏安法测定锌电解液中铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)含量的方法。结果表明:铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的峰电位分别在-0.65V,-0.92V和-1.06V。铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的质量浓度分别在6.02×10-6～1.00×10-3,6.01×10-5～1.20×10-3,8.04×10-6～4.03×10-4g.L-1范围内与峰电流呈线性关系,检出限分别为9.41×10-7,1.14×10-5,5.48×10-6g.L-1。     

K_3[Fe(C_2O_4)_3]·3H_2O制备实验的综合化改造与教学实践

对传统K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O制备实验进行改造,使其由普通制备实验升级为集制备、组成定量测定和光化学性质实验为一体的综合实验。该综合性实验共需12学时完成,在技术上集配合物制备、减压过滤、蒸发浓缩结晶、重量分析、氧化还原滴定、电导率法测定离子电荷等于一体,在理论上涉及沉淀溶解、氧化还原、配位和光致变色等多种反应类型。该综合性实验对实验设备要求低,教学过程可操作性强,综合性强。经过8年的教学实践发现,该实验能大大激发学生主动思考,拓展了学生思维跨度和深度,取得良好的教学效果。     

Pt、Cu电极上Fe(CN)_6~(4-)和SCN~-电化学行为的现场FTIR反射吸收光谱研究

本文报道了一种简单有效的现场红外反射吸收光谱电解池设计。对Fe(CN)_~(4-)和SCN~-在Pt、Cu电极上的吸附及电化学反应进行了研究。     

中性配合物Cr(acac)_3、mer-和fac-[Cr(bza)_3]的光学拆分

本文用新方法合成了Cr(bza)_3,改进了其mer-、fac-异构体的分离方法;增大了Cr(acac)_3的化学拆分量(1.5g)。试制了DBT(二苯甲酰-d-酒石酸)吸附型手性固定相(CSP),并成功地用于色谱拆分标题配合物的对映体,mer-[Cr(bza)_3]的部分拆分是首次发现的,其他配合物的拆分结果均优于文献方法。根据mer-[Cr(bza)_3)拆分流出液前、后组分的CD光谱,指定了其对映体绝对构型。还讨论了DBT吸附型CSP的拆分效能和色谱特性。     

A Study on Thermal Decomposition of K_3[Fe(CN)_6] and KFe[Fe(CN)_6] in Helium

K3 [Fe(CN)6] and KFe[Fe(CN)6] are classical coordination compounds. However, the mechanism of decomposition reactions has not been well expounded. The gas products of thermal decomposition were examined by gas chroma tography (GC) , and the structure of the solid products by Mossbauer spectroscopy(MS) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The findings are explained in terms of the theory of coordination chemistry and a decomposition mechanism is proposed in this study. On the basis of various experimental results, the first stage of the decomposition of K3[Fe(CN)6] in He was found to be the evolution of(CN)2 resulting in the reduction of Fe(Ⅲ)12K3 [Fe(CN)6]→9K4[Fe(CN)6] + Fe2 [Fe(CN)6] + 6 ( CN )For KFe [Fe(CN) 6 ], the first stage of decomposition man be represented as6KFe[Fe(CN)6]→3K2Fe[Fe(CN)6] + 2Fe2[Fe(CN)6 + 3(CN)2At higher temperatures, the decomposition of both K3[Fe(CN)6) andKFe[Fe(CN)6] to form KCN and Fe2C was accomplished by the release of(CN)2 and N2.     

Palladium‐catalyzed cyanation reaction of aryl halides using K4[Fe(CN)6] as non‐toxic source of cyanide under microwave irradiation

An efficient method for preparation of aryl nitriles—using [Pd{C₆H₂(CH₂CH₂ NH₂)‐(OMe)₂,3,4} (µ‐Br)]₂ complex as an efficient catalyst and K₄[Fe(CN)₆] as a green cyanide source—from aryl bromides, aryl iodides and aryl chlorides under microwave irradiation has been reported. This complex has been demonstrated to be an active and efficient catalyst for this reaction. Using a catalytic amount of this synthesized palladium complex in DMF at 130 °C led to production of the cyanoarenes in excellent yields in short reaction times. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mossbauer study of reactions of Sn[Fe(CN)_6] on supports

Mossbauer spectroscopy has been applied to the investigation of reaction of Sn[Fe(CN)6] on magnesia, 7-alumina, silica and activated carbon. It was found that the thermal decomposition products of supported Sn[Fe(CN)6] are quite different from those of the unsupported one as a result of the interaction between the complex and supports. The supports could promote the oxidation in the air atmosphere and their effect led to high dispersion of the decomposition products on the surface.     

用异丙肾上腺素检定[Fe(CN)6]3-

将医用药物异丙肾上腺素引入分析化学作新显色剂,报道了异丙肾上腺素与[Fe(CN)6]3-进行显色反应的最佳条件、灵敏度、选择性和允许共存比.建立了微量的[Fe(CN)6]3-简便检定新方法,检出限为0.055μg,稀释限为14.5×106.     

基于铁氰化钾电子媒介体及醛基吡啶盐的电化学免疫传感器

采用聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDDA)将铁氰化钾电子媒介体固定在电极表面,构建免标记的电化学免疫传感器. 醛基吡啶盐不仅作为基底物质直接固定抗体,还可以很好地增强电极表面的导电性能. 将构建的传感器用于肿瘤标志物甲胎蛋白的检测. 其线性范围为0.01-20 ng·mL^-1,检测下限为0.004 ng·mL^-1（3 S/N）. 此传感器的构建简单方便、无标记、特异性好,为甲胎蛋白及其他肿瘤标志物提供了新的检测方法.     

In-situ Microscopic FTIR Spectroelectrochemical Study of the Reduction of K_3Fe(CN)_6 in Polymer Electrolyte

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