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Driven by the excessive environmental pollution caused by the over-use of non-renewable fossil-derived energy, renewable energy and electrochemical energy storage devices have made great progress in the past decades. Electrochemical energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries, have the advantages of high capacity, long life cycle, and good safety performance; therefore, they have been used in various applications. For example, economical and environment-friendly electric vehicles have recently taken up increasing market share. However, when compared with vehicles propelled using fossil-derived energy, the slow charging speed of electric vehicles has always restricted their further promotion. The realization of rapid charging for electric vehicles can alleviate the high-pressure usage of charging piles as well as increase the application and market share of electric vehicles. Therefore, it is important to develop high-performance lithium-ion batteries with rapid charge and discharge capacities. The fast-charging capacity of lithium-ion batteries is limited by the slow migration of lithium ions in the electrode and the electrode/electrolyte interface. Therefore, the key to developing fast-charging lithium-ion batteries lies in the successful design of suitable electrode materials. Because of its low cost and excellent electrochemical performance, graphite has been widely used to develop the cathode of lithium-ion batteries. However, the migration of lithium ions in graphite is slow, resulting in large polarization during the high-current charge and discharge processes. In addition, the low lithium intercalation potential of graphite leads to lithium precipitation during fast charging, which can decrease the electrochemical performance and cause potential safety hazards. Therefore, graphite must be improved to meet the needs of such fast-charging devices. In this article, we systematically introduce the research progress made in recent years within the scope of rapid-charging improvement of graphite(-based) cathodes and then highlight the modification strategies for graphite with the goal of achieving functional coating, desired morphological and structural design, optimized electrolyte properties, and an improved charging protocol. Additionally, this article evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the modification strategies as well as their application prospects. The scheme of functional coating for modifying graphite must simplify the process and improve production efficiency to meet the needs of industrial development. Morphology design should ensure satisfactory initial Coulomb efficiency, while the improvement of the electrolyte properties and optimization of the charging protocol need to consider the commercialization costs. Finally, this paper proposes further evaluation of the effects of the modification strategies based on soft-pack or cylindrical batteries to strengthen the commercialization prospect of the modification strategies.
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Numerous carbonaceous materials have been studied as anodes of lithium ion batteries during the past several years[1 ̄4].Graphite was favored for battery applications because it exhibits a high specific capac- ity, low working potential close to that of l… 相似文献
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在化石能源持续消耗的背景下,锂离子电池已成为储能电池的主流.随着锂离子电池向航天、深海潜航等领域的扩展,要求其能够在低于-20℃的低温甚至极寒状态下发挥出应有的能量密度和功率密度,但其在极端情况下的性能改善亟待解决.锂离子电池的低温性能受电极材料、电解液等多方面影响,本文将近几年针对锂离子电池电解液体系各组成部分及石墨负极在低温情况下的改善进行了总结,最后对低温锂离子电池发展前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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以沥青为碳前驱物,通过加热分解法制备了具有不同热解碳含量的硅-热解碳-石墨复合材料,并测试及分析了材料的形貌、结构及电化学性能。结果表明,沥青质量在320~560℃的温度区间内迅速减小,沥青质量的减小是由于氢元素的去除。经过高温分解制得的热解碳与沥青的质量比率为65%。在硅-热解碳-石墨复合材料中,硅颗粒分散在石墨表面,热解碳覆盖在硅颗粒表面,热解碳增强了硅颗粒与石墨间的界面结合力。适当含量的热解碳增大了复合材料的放电比容量且改善了循环稳定性;过量的热解碳不能进一步提升复合材料的放电容量。 相似文献
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硅材料作为锂离子电池负极材料具有比容量大的优点,是高容量锂离子负极材料的研究热点之一。论文综述了近年来锂离子电池硅负极材料的研究进展。分别对硅和含硅材料作为锂离子电池负极材料的发展过程、充放电特性、储锂机理及影响其储锂的各因素进行了分析和总结,并对其存在的问题进行了分析。探讨了采用不同复合物、不同制备方法和合成硅化物等改性方法来提高其循环性能的可行性。指出纳米硅基复合物将是硅负极材料最有希望的发展方向。 相似文献
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硅/石墨复合物用作锂离子电池负极材料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以石墨和纳米硅粉为原料, 利用机械球磨的方法制备了硅/石墨复合物, 用作锂离子电池负极材料. 采用XRD, SEM以及电化学测试等手段对材料进行了结构表征和性能测试. 通过球磨不同质量比的硅和石墨, 并对相应的复合物进行充放电测试, 寻找到了硅和石墨的最佳比例, 其值为1∶9. 实验结果表明, 所得材料既具备高于纯纳米硅的循环性能, 又具有比石墨高的可逆容量. 相似文献
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利用恒流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗、SEM、EDS等测试技术研究了在锂离子电池石墨负极和浆过程中加入NaBF4对其电化学性能的影响。结果表明:NaBF4的最佳添加量为2%,可明显提高石墨电极的首次放电比容量和充放电效率;电极的自放电性能和循环稳定性得到明显改善。室温条件下,添加了2%NaBF4的电极以放电容量计算的自放电率为0.87%.d-1,比未添加时降低了15%;循环伏安、EDS以及SEM测试结果表明,四氟硼酸钠参与了石墨电极的成膜过程,改变了SEI膜的组分和形貌。 相似文献
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Reversible Li Plating on Graphite Anodes through Electrolyte Engineering for Fast-Charging Batteries
Xinyang Yue Jing Zhang Yongteng Dong Yuanmao Chen Zhangqin Shi Xuejiao Xu Xunlu Li Prof. Zheng Liang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(19):e202302285
The difficulties to identify the rate-limiting step cause the lithium (Li) plating hard to be completely avoided on graphite anodes during fast charging. Therefore, Li plating regulation and morphology control are proposed to address this issue. Specifically, a Li plating-reversible graphite anode is achieved via a localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) to successfully regulate the Li plating with high reversibility over high-rate cycling. The evolution of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) before and after Li plating is deeply investigated to explore the interaction between the lithiation behavior and electrochemical interface polarization. Under the fact that Li plating contributes 40 % of total lithiation capacity, the stable LiF-rich SEI renders the anode a higher average Coulombic efficiency (99.9 %) throughout 240 cycles and a 99.95 % reversibility of Li plating. Consequently, a self-made 1.2-Ah LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 | graphite pouch cell delivers a competitive retention of 84.4 % even at 7.2 A (6 C) after 150 cycles. This work creates an ingenious bridge between the graphite anode and Li plating, for realizing the high-performance fast-charging batteries. 相似文献
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Shaobo Ma Jingteng Zhao Qixin Gao Congying Song Huang Xiao Fang Li Prof. Guoxing Li 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(52):e202315564
The fast-charging capability of rechargeable batteries is greatly limited by the sluggish ion transport kinetics in anode materials. Here we develop an iodized polyacrylonitrile (I-PAN) anode that can boost the bulk/interphase lithium (Li)-ion diffusion kinetics and accelerate Li-ion desolvation process to realize high-performance fast-charging Li-ion batteries. The iodine immobilized in I-PAN framework expands ion transport channels, compresses the electric double layer, and changes the inner Helmholtz plane to form LiF/LiI-rich solid electrolyte interphase layer. The dissolved iodine ions in the electrolyte self-induced by the interfacial nucleophilic substitution of PF6− not only promote the Li-ion desolvation process, but also reuse the plated/dead Li formed on the anode under fast-charging conditions. Consequently, the I-PAN anode exhibits a high capacity of 228.5 mAh g−1 (39 % of capacity at 0.5 A g−1 delivered in 18 seconds) and negligible capacity decay for 10000 cycles at 20 A g−1. The I-PAN||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cell shows excellent fast-charging performance with attractive capacities and negligible capacity decay for 1000 cycles at extremely high rates of 5 C and 10 C (1 C=180 mA g−1). We also demonstrate high-performance fast-charging sodium-ion batteries using I-PAN anodes. 相似文献
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Xuejiao Xu Xinyang Yue Yuanmao Chen Zheng Liang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(34):e202306963
Graphite anodes are prone to dangerous Li plating during fast charging, but the difficulty to identify the rate-limiting step has made a challenging to eliminate Li plating thoroughly. Thus, the inherent thinking on inhibiting Li plating needs to be compromised. Herein, an elastic solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with uniform Li-ion flux is constructed on graphite anode by introducing a triglyme (G3)-LiNO3 synergistic additive (GLN) to commercial carbonate electrolyte, for realizing a dendrite-free and highly-reversible Li plating under high rates. The cross-linked oligomeric ether and Li3N particles derived from the GLN greatly improve the stability of the SEI before and after Li plating and facilitate the uniform Li deposition. When 51 % of lithiation capacity is contributed from Li plating, the graphite anode in the electrolyte with 5 vol.% GLN achieved an average 99.6 % Li plating reversibility over 100 cycles. In addition, the 1.2-Ah LiFePO4 | graphite pouch cell with GLN-added electrolyte stably operated over 150 cycles at 3 C, firmly demonstrating the promise of GLN in commercial Li-ion batteries for fast-charging applications. 相似文献
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Shah Rahim Alam Naveed A. Razzaq Amir Cheng YANG Yujie CHEN Jiapeng HU Xiaohui ZHAO Yang PENG Zhao DENG 《物理化学学报》2019,35(12):1382-1390
As an important component in electrodes, the choice of an appropriate binder is significant when fabricating lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with good cycle stability and rate capability, which are used in numerous applications, especially portable electronics and eco-friendly electric vehicles (EVs). Semi-crystalline poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), which is a traditional and widely used binder, cannot efficiently accommodate the volume changes observed in the anode during the charge-discharge process while binding all the components in the electrode together, which results in increased internal cell resistance, detachment of the electrode components, and capacity fading. Herein, we have investigated a highly polar and elastomeric polyacrylonitrile-butadiene (NBR) rubber for use as a binder in LIBs, which can accommodate graphite particles of different shapes compared to semi-crystalline PVDF. Prior to our electrochemical tests, NBR was analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), showing good thermal stability and an amorphous morphology. NBR is more conformable to irregular surfaces, which results in the formation of a homogeneous passivation layer on both spherical and flaky graphite particles to effectively suppress any electrolyte side reactions, further allowing more uniform and fast Li ion diffusion at the electrolyte/electrolyte interface. As a result, the electrochemical performance of both spherical and flaky shape graphite electrodes was significantly improved in terms of their first cycle Coulombic efficiency (CE) and cycle stability. With comparative specific capacity, the first cycle CE of the NBR-based spherical and flaky graphite electrodes were 87.0% and 85.5%, compared to 85.3% and 82.6% observed for their corresponding PVDF-based electrodes, respectively. After 1000 discharge-charge cycles at 1C, the capacity retention of the NBR-based graphite electrodes was significantly higher than that of PVDF-based electrodes. This was attributed to the good stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on the graphite electrodes and the high stretching ability of the elastomeric NBR binder, which help to accommodate the repeated volume fluctuation of graphite observed during long-term charge-discharge cycling. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and microscopic analysis (SEM and TEM) were carried out to investigate the formation and evolution of the SEI layers formed on the spherical and flaky graphite electrodes. The results show that thin, homogeneous, and stable SEI layers are formed on the surface of both spherical and flaky graphite electrodes prepared using the NBR binder. When compared to the PVDF-based graphite electrodes, the graphite electrodes constructed using NBR showed decreased resistance in the SEI layer and faster charge transfer, thus enhancing the electrode kinetics for Li ion intercalation/deintercalation. Our study shows that the electrochemical performance of spherical and flaky graphite electrodes prepared using the NBR binder is significantly improved, demonstrating that NBR is a promising binder for these electrodes in LIBs. 相似文献
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XIE Hai-ming YAN Xue-dong YU Hai-ying ZHANG Ling-yun YANG Gui-ling XU Yang WANG Rong-shun **. Department of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun P. R. China . Department of Chemistry Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities Tongliao P. R. China 《高等学校化学研究》2006,22(5):639-642
IntroductionLithium ion batteries have attracted a great interestbecause of their commercial applications in portable de-vices[1,2].Great efforts have been made to improve theenergy density of new anode materials.For example,Sn-based compounds,such as SnO… 相似文献
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Dr. Fan Wang Juan An Dr. Han Shen Zhongqiang Wang Prof. Dr. Guoxing Li Prof. Dr. Yuliang Li 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(7):e202216397
Vacancies can significantly affect the performance of metal oxide materials. Here, a gradient graphdiyne (GDY) induced Cu/O-dual-vacancies abundant Cu0.95V2O5@GDY heterostructure material has been prepared as a competitive fast-charging anode material. Cu0.95V2O5 self-catalyzes the growth of gradient GDY with rich alkyne-alkene complex in the inner layer and rich alkyne bonds in the outer layer, leading to the formation of Cu and O vacancies in Cu0.95V2O5. The synergistic effect of vacancies and gradient GDY results in the electron redistribution at the hetero-interface to drive the generation of a built-in electric field. Thus, the Li-ion transport kinetics, electrochemical reaction reversibility and Li storage sites of Cu0.95V2O5 are greatly enhanced. The Cu0.95V2O5@GDY anodes show excellent fast-charging performance with high capacities and negligible capacity decay for 10 000 cycles and 20 000 cycles at extremely high current densities of 5 A g−1 and 10 A g−1, respectively. Over 30 % of capacity can be delivered in 35 seconds. 相似文献