溶胶-凝胶法制备改性TiO2纳米薄膜及其防腐蚀性能

应用溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍提拉技术在316L不锈钢表面分别制备TiO2纳米膜和 B-Fe-Ce改性的TiO2纳米膜. 采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、拉曼光谱法和能量分散谱(EDS)对薄膜进行表征,通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和动电位阳极极化曲线的测试考察薄膜的耐蚀性及对不锈钢的保护性能. 结果表明:两种纳米薄膜均含锐钛矿型的TiO2纳米颗粒,纯TiO2纳米膜与改性后的纳米膜中颗粒直径分别约为15和10 nm. TiO2/316L不锈钢和 B-Fe-Ce-TiO2/316L不锈钢膜电极浸泡在0.5 mo.lL-1 NaCl溶液后,后者的电化学反应电阻较大,动电位阳极极化曲线的稳定钝化区较宽,击穿电位更高,说明改性的纳米膜的耐蚀性及其保护性能更好.     

A zirconia-polyester glycol coating on differently pretreated AISI 316L stainless steel: corrosion behavior in chloride solution

The effect of zirconia and zirconia-polyester glycol hybrid coatings on the corrosion resistance of mechanically polished or anodized AISI 316 stainless steel (316L), was studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.1 M NaCl and scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy examinations. The deposition of zirconia coatings was achieved by the sol–gel technique by immersing the samples in either the inorganic polymer or the organic–inorganic polymer mixture. From potentiodynamic and impedance measurements, the grade of protection is reduced with the exposure time to the electrolyte, which is mainly associated with lost of film adhesion and, consequently, detachment from the metal substrate. However, the uncoated anodized sample revealed an unexpected corrosion behavior; the anodic film formed during anodizing readily increased the corrosion resistance of the 316L stainless steel in 0.1 M NaCl, revealing a considerable reduction in the corrosion current density and an increase in the pitting potential.     

磁场对316L不锈钢微生物腐蚀行为的影响

采用循环极化、微生物分析法、扫描电镜及表面能谱分析等方法,研究了磁场对316L不锈钢在含硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的土壤模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,磁场可以抑制SRB的生长;未外加磁场时316L不锈钢表面膜层以局部堆积为主,加有磁场时,局部堆积明显减小,膜层均匀致密的排列于基体表面;无论有或没有外加磁场,316L不锈钢表面均发生钝化膜破裂型点蚀,未外加磁场时的点蚀电位低于加有磁场时的。在相同的浸泡时间,未外加磁场时循环极化滞后环面积明显比加有磁场时的大,说明磁场可以有效抑制316L不锈钢点蚀的形成与发展,降低316L不锈钢的点蚀诱发能力。     

天然海水中聚吡咯膜的防微生物附着及防腐蚀性能

采用恒电流法在316 L不锈钢电极表面合成聚吡咯(PPy), 通过开路电位、 生物显微镜(BM)、 Tafel极化曲线及电化学交流阻抗(EIS)研究了聚吡咯防止微生物附着及防腐蚀特性. 研究表明, 沉积聚吡咯的316 L不锈钢电极浸泡在天然海水中(0~20 d), 开路电位基本保持不变, 表明电化学合成的聚吡咯膜有良好的防止微生物附着能力, 并通过生物显微镜进行了验证, 且在浸泡的过程中其腐蚀电流密度维持在10^-7 mA/cm², 表现出良好的防腐蚀特性; 浸泡50 d后, 其防腐蚀效率仍高达97.45%. 因此, 电化学合成的聚吡咯具有优异的防止微生物附着和防腐蚀特性.     

Inhibition effect of hexadecyl pyridinium bromide on the corrosion behavior of some austenitic stainless steels in H2SO4 solutions

The inhibition effect of hexadecyl pyridinium bromide (HDPB) as a cationic surfactant on the corrosion behavior of some Egyptian austenitic stainless steel SS 304L, SS 316H and SS 304H in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solutions was investigated by using potentiodynamic polarization technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate that HDPB is a good inhibitor for the samples under investigation in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solutions. In addition, the inhibition efficiency η% increases with the inhibitor concentration while decreases with the increasing temperature referring to physical adsorption. The adsorption of the inhibitor obeys a Temkin adsorption isotherm. Polarization curves show that HDPB is a mixed inhibitor in H₂SO₄ solutions. The results obtained from polarization and impedance measurements are in good agreement. Activation-free energies, enthalpies, and entropies for the inhibition process of HDPB were determined.     

海洋微生物对316不锈钢的电化学腐蚀行为

采用自腐蚀电位、电化学极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱技术研究了316不锈钢在无菌培养基介质和海水微生物接种培养有菌培养基介质中不同周期的腐蚀行为．结果表明,316不锈钢电极在有菌介质中比在无菌介质中的腐蚀电流密度大,腐蚀电位负移,微生物加速了不锈钢的腐蚀速度．随着浸泡时间的增加,有菌介质中的不锈钢电极极化电阻值逐渐减小,表明了海洋微生物的附着和繁殖加速了316不锈钢的腐蚀速率,降低了其在海洋环境中的耐蚀性．     

Structural and electrochemical characterization of sputter-deposited nitrided NiCr alloys

Nickel-based coatings are potential candidates for the protection of electrochemical dissolution of steel surfaces. Such coatings, elaborated by magnetron sputtering in a nitrogen atmosphere, offer good corrosion protection, good adherence as well as stability for metallic structures. NiCr alloys with almost constant composition have been deposited with different nitrogen contents on stainless steel and carbon steel surfaces. The coating uniformity, homogeneity, composition and crystallinity have been studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The corrosion degradation behavior of all the samples was tested in NaCl and NaCl and CO₂ mixture exposures using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Nitrided NiCr alloys on a stainless steel substrate resulted with better adhesion than carbon steel, by delaying the corrosion mechanism when exposed to NaCl and CO₂ solution. A comparison of the corrosion resistive behavior of the substrates (stainless steel, carbon steel) and the coatings is made by using the electrical capacitance concept from a double-layer model for the coating–metal interface.     

Mouse bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cell response to nanostructured titanium substrates produced by high‐pressure torsion

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with the ability to differentiate into various mesoderm‐like cells are known to migrate to various organs to repair injured tissues. They can attach to the implant surface, differentiate into bone‐forming cells, and ultimately osseointegrate with the prosthesis. This study investigates bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cellular response to the grain structure of titanium substrates produced by high‐pressure torsion and annealing processes. Cell attachment, proliferation, viability, and morphology are evaluated on the surface of differently processed nanostructured and coarse‐grained samples. The bacterial adhesion and calcium phosphate crystal formation and growth are also assessed on the surface of the substrates. The nanostructured titanium shows significantly higher cell adhesion, proliferation, spreading, and viability compared with the untreated and coarse‐grained titanium substrates. The adhesion of bacteria is lower and surface bioactivity is higher on the surface of the nanostructured titanium substrate. The results demonstrate the superior MSC compatibility, antibacterial efficacy, and surface bioactivity of the nanostructured titanium substrates, which could lead to early implant fixation and improved osseointegration. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel for advanced high-temperature water-cooled nuclear plant

Corrosion occurs widely in the supercritical water system materials under high temperature and pressure. To select reliable candidate materials, corrosion behavior of many alloys was investigated. This study focused on investigating the corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel (316 SS) in supercritical water (798 K/24 MPa). After exposed to SCW for 200 h, the oxidation kinetics, surface morphology, and diffusion of elements were investigated by weight measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface of 316 SS showed isolated and discontinued oxide scales. The oxide scale was determined to be a monolayer layer, and the main composition was determined to be Fe–Cr-rich spinel with a few amounts of magnetite attached to the surface. A few pores due to pitting corrosion were found on the surface, and the oxidation mechanism was also investigated.     

离子注N对人体用金属材料在人工模拟体液中的阳极极化行为的影响

采用电化学技术研究了离子注N对人体用金属材料 ,SUS316L不锈钢、钴合金和钛合金在人工模拟体液中的阳极极化行为影响 .自腐蚀电位和阳极极化曲线的测量结果表明 ,离子注N后材料的耐蚀性明显有所提高 .通过X射线衍射与AES分析发现 ,材料表面有金属氮化物析出 ,其化学效应和机械隔离起到了改善电化学性能的作用 .     

Ti/(Ti,Cr)N/CrN multilayer coated 316L stainless steel by arc ion plating as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Arc ion plating(AIP) is applied to form Ti/(Ti,Cr)N/Cr N multilayer coating on the surface of 316 L stainless steel(SS316L) as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs). The characterizations of the coating are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). Interfacial contact resistance(ICR) between the coated sample and carbon paper is 4.9 m cm~2 under 150 N/cm~2,which is much lower than that of the SS316 L substrate. Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic tests are performed in the simulated PEMFC working conditions to investigate the corrosion behaviors of the coated sample. Superior anticorrosion performance is observed for the coated sample, whose corrosion current density is 0.12 μA/cm2. Surface morphology results after corrosion tests indicate that the substrate is well protected by the multilayer coating. Performances of the single cell with the multilayer coated SS316 L bipolar plate are improved significantly compared with that of the cell with the uncoated SS316 L bipolar plate, presenting a great potential for PEMFC application.     

Corrosion protection performance of ceria‐copolymer bilayer coating on low nickel stainless steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 medium

In this paper, we have reported the anti‐corrosion performance of ceria / poly (indole‐co‐pyrrole) (Ce/(poly(In‐co‐Py)) bilayer coating on low nickel stainless steel (LN SS). Electrochemical polymerization of (poly (In‐co‐Py)) was achieved on ceria‐coated LN SS (CeO₂/LN SS) in acetonitrile medium containing LiClO₄ (ACN‐LiClO₄) by cyclic voltammetric technique. The coatings were characterized by analytical techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis of X‐ray, respectively. The mechanical behavior of the coatings was studied using peel test, hardness and wear resistance tests. The corrosion defensive performance of this bilayer coating on LN SS was investigated using electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.5 M H₂SO₄. These results show that the bilayer coating on LN SS lowered the permeability of corrosive ions present in the acidic medium and thus acts as a barrier against the attack of corrosive environment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis and evaluation of novel O-functionalized aminated chitosan derivatives as antibacterial,antioxidant and anticorrosion for 316L stainless steel in simulated body fluid

Chitosan’s Schiff base derivatives are taking the attention of scientists as a promising biomaterial for various applications. In this study, O-functionalized aminated chitosan (O-F-Am-Ch) was coupled with 4,4-dimethyl amino-benzaldehyde and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to produce Schiff bases (I) and (II), respectively. The chemical and physical properties of the new derivatives were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) that show a significant band for C=C between 1400 and 1600 cm⁻¹, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), which demonstrate an increase in the thermal stability of new derivatives than O-F-Am-Ch and scanning electron microscope (SEM) that indicates a slight increase in the rough structure of the surface. In addition, 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays that examined the antioxidant properties of the new Schiff bases. The biocidal activity against four different bacterial strains [two gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and two gram-positive (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus)] demonstrates significant improvement of the inhibition activity compare to O-F-Am-Ch with more activity against Gram-negative bacteria than that against gram-positive bacteria.As an implanted alloy, 316L stainless steel is used as a temporary biomaterial in different countries without any pretreatment. Our study focused on further improving the alloy features by investigating the protection efficiency of O-F-Am-Ch and the synthesized Schiff bases for the 316L stainless steel surface against corrosion in simulated body fluid (SBF). The corrosion inhibition of these compounds was investigated using two electrochemical methods (potentiodynamic polarization technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). The results suggested the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of the compounds under investigation. Furthermore, they demonstrated a considerable dose-dependent inhibiting corrosion of 316L stainless steel in SBF, whereas the inhibition efficiency exceeds 77% at 1000 ppm for the Schiff bases II. In conclusion, the tested derivatives show promising properties to refine stainless steel for implant applications.     

锆离子改善十烷基磷酸组装膜结构及性能研究

利用烷基磷酸、金属锆离子和不锈钢电极表面的相互作用,通过表面自组装,在304不锈钢电极表面分别修饰了单层和双层烷基磷酸自组装膜,采用接触角和极化曲线对修饰电极进行测量.实验表明,双层烷基磷酸修饰膜具有更佳的耐腐蚀性能.     

Characterization of the Corrosion of Nanostructured 17-4 PH Stainless Steel by Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT)

Abstract

The corrosion properties of nanostructured 17-4PH stainless steel facilitated by a surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) process were studied using electrochemical measurements in 0.6?M NaCl aqueous solution. The microstructure of the surface layer was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated the formation of a nanostructured surface layer on the surface of the material. By the combination of SMAT and low-temperature annealing processes, the potentiodynamic polarization measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra demonstrated an improvement in the corrosion resistance of 17-4PH stainless steel with a reduced corrosion current density of 0.241?mA/cm² and a higher chromium content. The improved corrosion resistance may be attributed to the formation of nucleation sites through which chromium may freely move from the matrix to the upper surface and thereby form a protective oxide layer on the surface of the material.     

Corrosion resistance of amorphous AlPO4 coating in salty atmospheres

The objective of the present study was to introduce a cost-effective and environmentally friendly coating to improve the corrosion resistance of the structures located in salt water. The coating solution, based on amorphous aluminum phosphate composition, was synthesized by sol–gel process and applied to AISI 304 stainless steel by dip coating technique. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses were employed to investigate the phase composition and morphology of the coating. Corrosion behavior of the uncoated and coated samples was investigated using standard salt spray test, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Salt spray test results for the bare substrate revealed a corrosion rate of six-time greater than that of the coated surface after 168 hr exposure time. Electrochemical test results declared that the amorphous AlPO₄ coating decreased the corrosion current density of the AISI 304 stainless steel by 10 orders of magnitude. Furthermore, according to the corresponding EIS measurements, the coated surface exhibited a superior anti-corrosion performance than uncoated sample. Overall, the results declared that the amorphous AlPO₄ coating could be a good choice for surface protection of stainless steel against electrochemical corrosion in salty environments.     

再生水环境中304不锈钢生物膜腐蚀电化学特征

研究了以再生水作为循环冷却系统补水的北京某热电厂冷却塔底粘泥中分离纯化培养出来的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)生长特性.采用原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)和电化学交流阻抗(EIS)方法研究了304不锈钢(SS304)表面生物膜特征及其主要成分和不锈钢/生物膜界面电化学行为.结果显示,再生水环境下304不锈钢表面形成的生物膜是由吸附的SRB菌体及以含碳有机物为主的胞外聚合物和FeS腐蚀产物构成.浸泡前期(前7 d)SS304电极表面阻抗值主要由SS304表面钝化膜的贡献;浸泡后期(14 d后),电极体系阻抗值由不锈钢表面钝化膜和生物膜共同贡献.     

聚吡咯/聚苯胺复合型导电聚合物防腐蚀性能

采用循环伏安法,在含吡咯和苯胺的0.3 mol/L草酸水溶液中制备了聚吡咯/聚苯胺(PPy/Pani)的复合型导电聚合膜。采用红外光谱、极化曲线、自腐蚀电位-时间曲线、扫描电子显微镜和电化学阻抗谱研究了共聚膜的防腐蚀性能。结果表明,在1 mol/L H2SO4中,PPy、Pani与不锈钢基体发生氧化还原反应,促进不锈钢表面发生钝化;当苯胺与吡咯浓度比为1∶3时,制备得到的复合型导电聚合膜所保护的不锈钢自腐蚀电流最小,自腐蚀电位最高,保护时间最长。PPy、Pani及其共聚膜在3.5%NaCl溶液中电化学阻抗谱表明,所制备的PPy、Pani及其共聚物膜与不锈钢基体发生氧化还原反应,使其表面钝化;当Cl-到达不锈钢表面时,破坏钝化膜导致不锈钢腐蚀。     

改性316L不锈钢表面聚苯胺的制备及电化学性能

采用原位氧化技术调整316L不锈钢(SS316L)基体元素Cr和Ni在界面的浓度和分布, 形成了Ni和Cr富集改性界面. 应用计时电位技术, 通过Cr和Ni改性层催化草酸溶液中的苯胺单体在其表面吸附并聚合, 在SS316L表面沉积了附着力良好的聚苯胺(PANI)膜. 与SS316L相比, 表面富Ni-Cr的SS316L在涂覆PANI膜后, 在80 ℃ 0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄+5 mg/L F^-溶液中阳极和阴极的腐蚀电位分别提高470和500 mV, 维钝电流均下降2~3个数量级; 在模拟质子交换膜燃料电池运行环境中, 经36000 s恒电位极化, 其阳极和阴极的腐蚀电流分别下降约1和2个数量级, 腐蚀速度分别约为6~9 和< 5 μA/cm²; 在1.4 MPa压力下, 聚苯胺膜层与Toray 060碳纸间接触电阻下降约250 mΩ·cm². SS316L表面形成富Ni-Cr改性层并涂覆聚苯胺膜后, 其耐蚀性和导电性均明显优于原始SS316L, 这主要取决于富Ni-Cr改性层的结构、 组成和聚苯胺膜的厚度.     

彩色不锈钢与氧化着色

通过化学或电化学手段与技术促使不锈钢表面发生氧化生成的钝化膜,不仅能够保护金属免受腐蚀,还能产生光干涉效应,使不锈钢不再是单一的银白色,而是呈现红橙黄绿蓝靛紫等不同的颜色,扩展了不锈钢的应用范围.