On the structure theory of the Iwasawa algebra of a p-adic Lie group

This paper is motivated by the question whether there is a nice structure theory of finitely generated modules over the Iwasawa algebra, i.e. the completed group algebra, Λ of a p-adic analytic group G. For G without any p-torsion element we prove that Λ is an Auslander regular ring. This result enables us to give a good definition of the notion of a pseudo-nullΛ-module. This is classical when G=ℤ ^k _p for some integer k≥1, but was previously unknown in the non-commutative case. Then the category of Λ-modules up to pseudo-isomorphisms is studied and we obtain a weak structure theorem for the ℤ _p -torsion part of a finitely generated Λ-module. We also prove a local duality theorem and a version of Auslander-Buchsbaum equality. The arithmetic applications to the Iwasawa theory of abelian varieties are published elsewhere. Received May 12, 2001 / final version received July 5, 2001?Published online September 3, 2001     

Central localization and Gelfand-Kirillov dimension

LetR be a factor ring of the enveloping algebra of a finite dimensional Lie algebra over a fieldk. If the centre ofR, Z, consists of non-zero divisors inR, the ringR _z obtained by localizing at the non-zero elements ofZ becomes a finitely generated algebra over the fieldK which arises as the field of fractions ofZ. The Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of anR-moduleM is denotedd(M). In this paper it is shown that ifR _Z ⊗ _R M ≠ 0 thend(M) ≧d(R _Z ⊗ _R M) + tr. deg _k Z, whered (R _z ⊗M) is the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension ofR _z ⊗M) viewed as anR _z -module andR _z is viewed as a finitely generatedK-algebra (not as ak-algebra). The result is primarily of a technical nature.     

Serre Theorem for involutory Hopf algebras

We call a monoidal category C a Serre category if for any C, D ∈ C such that C ⊗ D is semisimple, C and D are semisimple objects in C. Let H be an involutory Hopf algebra, M, N two H-(co)modules such that M ⊗ N is (co)semisimple as a H-(co)module. If N (resp. M) is a finitely generated projective k-module with invertible Hattory-Stallings rank in k then M (resp. N) is (co)semisimple as a H-(co)module. In particular, the full subcategory of all finite dimensional modules, comodules or Yetter-Drinfel’d modules over H the dimension of which are invertible in k are Serre categories.     

Finite Schur filtration dimension for modules over an algebra with Schur filtration

Let G = GL _N or SL _N as reductive linear algebraic group over a field k of characteristic p > 0. We prove several results that were previously established only when N ⩽ 5 or p > 2  ^N : Let G act rationally on a finitely generated commutative k-algebra A and let grA be the Grosshans graded ring. We show that the cohomology algebra H ^*(G, grA) is finitely generated over k. If moreover A has a good filtration and M is a Noetherian A-module with compatible G action, then M has finite good filtration dimension and the H ⁱ (G, M) are Noetherian A ^G -modules. To obtain results in this generality, we employ functorial resolution of the ideal of the diagonal in a product of Grassmannians.     

One-Parameter Families of Modules for Tame Algebras and Bocses

Let Λ be a finite-dimensional algebra over an algebraically closed field k. We denote by mod Λ the category of finitely generated left Λ-modules. Consider the family ℱ(u) of the indecomposables M∈mod Λ such that , where is the subspace of morphisms which factorize through semisimple modules. If P,Q are projectives in mod Λ, ℱ(u)(P,Q) is the family of those modules M∈ℱ(u) such that a minimal projective presentation is of the formf_M: P→Q. We prove that if Λ is of tame representation type then each ℱ(P,Q) has only a finite number of isomorphism classes or is parametrized by μ(u,P,Q) one-parameter families. We give an upper bound for this number in terms of u,P and Q. Then we give some sufficient conditions for tame of polynomial growth type. For the proof we consider similar results for bocses. Presented by Y. Drozd Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000) 16G60, 16G70, 16G20.     

Cohen–Macaulay Isolated Singularities with a Dualizing Module

We generalize results of Foxby concerning a commutative Nötherian ring to a certain noncommutative Nötherian algebra Λ over a commutative Gorenstein complete local ring. We assume that Λ is a Cohen–Macaulay isolated singularity having a dualizing module. Then the same method as in the commutative cases works and we obtain a category equivalence between two subcategories of mod Λ, one of which includes all finitely generated modules of finite Gorenstein dimension. We give examples of such algebras which are not Gorenstien; orders related to almost Bass orders and some k-Gorenstein algebras for an integer k.Presented by I. Reiten ^★The author is supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Researches B(1) No. 14340007 in Japan.     

Piecewise Hereditary Nakayama Algebras

Let k be an algebraically closed field. Let Λ be the path algebra over k of the linearly oriented quiver \mathbb A_n\mathbb A_n for n ≥ 3. For r ≥ 2 and n > r we consider the finite dimensional k −algebra Λ(n,r) which is defined as the quotient algebra of Λ by the two sided ideal generated by all paths of length r. We will determine for which pairs (n,r) the algebra Λ(n,r) is piecewise hereditary, so the bounded derived category D ^b (Λ(n,r)) is equivalent to the bounded derived category of a hereditary abelian category H\mathcal H as triangulated category.     

Maximal commutative subalgebras of matrix algebras

Maximal commutative subalgebras of the algebra of n by n matrices over a field k very rarely have dimension smaller than n. There is a (B, N)-construction which yields subalgebras of this kind. The Courter's algebra that is of this kind was shown a (B, N)-construction where B is the Schur algebra of size 4 and N = k ⁴. That is, the Courter's algebra is isomorphic to B ? (k ⁴)², the idealization of (k ⁴)². It was questioned how many isomorphism classes can be produced by varying the finitely generated faithful B-module N. In this paper, we will show that the set of all algebras B ? N ² fall into a single isomorphism class, where B is the Schur algebra of size 4 and N a finitely generated faithful B-module.     

Derived Equivalences of Triangular Matrix Rings Arising from Extensions of Tilting Modules

A triangular matrix ring Λ is defined by a triplet (R,S,M) where R and S are rings and _R M _S is an S-R-bimodule. In the main theorem of this paper we show that if T _S is a tilting S-module, then under certain homological conditions on the S-module M _S , one can extend T _S to a tilting complex over Λ inducing a derived equivalence between Λ and another triangular matrix ring specified by (S′, R, M′), where the ring S′ and the R-S′-bimodule M′ depend only on M and T _S , and S′ is derived equivalent to S. Note that no conditions on the ring R are needed. These conditions are satisfied when S is an Artin algebra of finite global dimension and M _S is finitely generated. In this case, (S′,R,M′) = (S, R, DM) where D is the duality on the category of finitely generated S-modules. They are also satisfied when S is arbitrary, M _S has a finite projective resolution and Ext _S ⁿ (M _S , S) = 0 for all n > 0. In this case, (S′,R,M′) = (S, R, Hom _S (M, S)).     

A dimension theorem for division rings

LetD be a division algebra over a fieldk, letn be an arbitrary positive integer, and letk(x ₁,...,x _n) denote the rational function field inn variables overk. In this note we complete previous work by proving that the following three conditions are equivalent: (i) there exists an integerj such that the matrix ringM _j(D) contains a commutative subfield which has transcendence degreen overk; (ii) K dim (D⊗_k k(x ₁,...,x _n )) =n; (iii) gl. dim (D⊗_k k(x ₁,...,x _n )) =n. The crucial tool in the proof of this theorem is the Nullstellensatz forD[x ₁,...,x _n] which was obtained by Amitsur and Small.     

On number system constructions

We investigate various number system constructions. After summarizing earlier results we prove that for a given lattice Λ and expansive matrix M: Λ → Λ if ρ(M ⁻¹) < 1/2 then there always exists a suitable digit set D for which (Λ, M, D) is a number system. Here ρ means the spectral radius of M ⁻¹. We shall prove further that if the polynomial f(x) = c ₀ + c ₁ x + ··· + c _k x ^k ∈ Z[x], c _k = 1 satisfies the condition |c ₀| > 2 Σ _i=1 ^k |c _i | then there is a suitable digit set D for which (Z ^k , M, D) is a number system, where M is the companion matrix of f(x). The research was supported by OTKA-T043657 and Bolyai Fellowship Committee.     

The group of endo-permutation modules

The group D(P) of all endo-permutation modules for a finite p-group P is a finitely generated abelian group. We prove that its torsion-free rank is equal to the number of conjugacy classes of non-cyclic subgroups of P. We also obtain partial results on its torsion subgroup. We determine next the structure of ℚ⊗D(-) viewed as a functor, which turns out to be a simple functor S _{E, ℚ}, indexed by the elementary group E of order p ² and the trivial Out(E)-module ℚ. Finally we describe a rather strange exact sequence relating ℚ⊗D(P), ℚ⊗B(P), and ℚ⊗R(P), where B(P) is the Burnside ring and R(P) is the Grothendieck ring of ℚP-modules. Oblatum 6-VII-1998 & 27-V-1999 / Published online: 22 September 1999     

On the Matlis duals of local cohomology modules and modules of generalized fractions

Let (R, m) be a commutative Noetherian local ring with non-zero identity, a a proper ideal of R and M a finitely generated R-module with aM ≠ M. Let D(−) ≔ Hom _R (−, E) be the Matlis dual functor, where E ≔ E(R/m) is the injective hull of the residue field R/m. In this paper, by using a complex which involves modules of generalized fractions, we show that, if x ₁, …, x _n is a regular sequence on M contained in α, then H _{(x1, …,xnR} ⁿ D(H _a ⁿ (M))) is a homomorphic image of D(M), where H _b ⁱ (−) is the i-th local cohomology functor with respect to an ideal b of R. By applying this result, we study some conditions on a certain module of generalized fractions under which D(H _{(x1, …,xn)R} ⁿ (D(H _a ⁿ (M)))) ⋟ D(D(M)).     

Varieties for Modules of Quantum Elementary Abelian Groups

We define a rank variety for a module of a noncocommutative Hopf algebra A = L \rtimes GA = \Lambda \rtimes G where L = k[X₁, ..., X_m]/(X₁^l, ..., X_m^l), G = (\mathbbZ/l\mathbbZ)^m\Lambda = k[X_1, \dots, X_m]/(X_1^{\ell}, \dots, X_m^{\ell}), G = (\mathbb{Z}/\ell\mathbb{Z})^m and char k does not divide ℓ, in terms of certain subalgebras of A playing the role of “cyclic shifted subgroups”. We show that the rank variety of a finitely generated module M is homeomorphic to the support variety of M defined in terms of the action of the cohomology algebra of A. As an application we derive a theory of rank varieties for the algebra Λ. When ℓ=2, rank varieties for Λ-modules were constructed by Erdmann and Holloway using the representation theory of the Clifford algebra. We show that the rank varieties we obtain for Λ-modules coincide with those of Erdmann and Holloway.     

Realizing enveloping algebras via varieties of modules

By using the Ringel-Hall algebra approach, we investigate the structure of the Lie algebra L（A） generated by indecomposable constructible sets in the varieties of modules for any finite- dimensional C-algebra A. We obtain a geometric realization of the universal enveloping algebra R（A） of L（A）, this generalizes the main result of Riedtmann. We also obtain Green＇s formula in a geometric form for any finite-dimensional C-algebra A and use it to give the comultiplication formula in R（A）.     

The Hilbert Scheme Parameterizing Finite Length Subschemes of the Line with Support at the Origin

We introduce symmetrizing operators of the polynomial ring A[x] in the variable x over a ring A. When A is an algebra over a field k these operators are used to characterize the monic polynomials F(x) of degree n in A[x] such that A _k k[x]_(x)/(F(x)) is a free A-module of rank n. We use the characterization to determine the Hilbert scheme parameterizing subschemes of length n of k[x]_(x).     

Grothendieck groups of unbounded complexes of finitely generated modules

Let Λ be a left Artinian ring, D⁺(mod Λ) (resp., D⁻(mod Λ), D(mod Λ)) the derived category of bounded below complexes (resp., bounded above complexes, unbounded complexes) of finitely generated left Λ-modules. We show that the Grothendieck groups K₀(D⁺(mod Λ)), K₀(D⁻(mod Λ)) and K₀(D(mod Λ)) are trivial. Received: 7 April 2005     

Generalizations of coatomic modules

For a ring R and a right R-module M, a submodule N of M is said to be δ-small in M if, whenever N+X=M with M/X singular, we have X=M. Let ℘ be the class of all singular simple modules. Then δ(M)=Σ{ L≤ M| L is a δ-small submodule of M} = Re _jm(℘)=∩{ N⊂ M: M/N∈℘. We call M δ-coatomic module whenever N≤ M and M/N=δ(M/N) then M/N=0. And R is called right (left) δ-coatomic ring if the right (left) R-module R _R(_RR) is δ-coatomic. In this note, we study δ-coatomic modules and ring. We prove M=⊕ _i=1 ⁿ M_i is δ-coatomic if and only if each M _i (i=1,…, n) is δ-coatomic.     

Reduced multiplication modules

An R-module M is called a multiplication module if for each submodule N of M, N = IM for some ideal I of R. As defined for a commutative ring R, an R-module M is said to be reduced if the intersection of prime submodules of M is zero. The prime spectrum and minimal prime submodules of the reduced module M are studied. Essential submodules of M are characterized via a topological property. It is shown that the Goldie dimension of M is equal to the Souslin number of Spec(M)\mbox{\rm Spec}(M). Also a finitely generated module M is a Baer module if and only if Spec(M)\mbox{\rm Spec}(M) is an extremally disconnected space; if and only if it is a CS-module. It is proved that a prime submodule N is minimal in M if and only if for each x ∈ N, Ann(x) \not í (N:M).\mbox{\rm Ann}(x) \not \subseteq (N:M). When M is finitely generated; it is shown that every prime submodule of M is maximal if and only if M is a von Neumann regular module (VNM); i.e., every principal submodule of M is a summand submodule. Also if M is an injective R-module, then M is a VNM.