肠道病毒71型外壳蛋白VP1在大肠杆菌中的表达

将扩增得到的肠道病毒71型外壳蛋白VP1基因克隆到测序载体pGEM-T,测序验证该序列为目的片段后,将目的基因克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-5x-1中,转化大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导表达,产物经SDS-PAGE分析和Western blot验证。结果表明,在经IPTG诱导的BL21中检测到分子量与预期大小相符的大约60 kDa的融合蛋白。利用表达产物作为抗原,对EV71感染病人阳性血清的检测初步证实,重组蛋白VP1可以作为检测EV71感染的检测用抗原。     

猪IL-18成熟蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达及生物学活性鉴定

以含猪IL-18全基因的重组质粒pGEM-IL-18为模板,PCR扩增猪IL-18成熟蛋白基因.将IL-18成熟蛋白片段定向插入原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,构建重组表达质粒pET-IL-18,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下表达融合蛋白(His-IL-18),并进行融合蛋白的纯化、生物学活性鉴定.结果表明,SDS-PAGE可检测到相对分子质量约为2.1×104的融合蛋白,westem blot证实His-IL-18能与猪IL-18单克隆抗体发生特异性反应.重组猪IL-18经纯化后,能明显刺激猪脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖反应,在Marc-145细胞上抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的活性为2.50×103IU/mg,在PK-15细胞上抗猪伪狂犬病毒、猪细小病毒的活性分别为2.00×103和2.24×103IU/mg.表明建立的表达系统能够表达重组猪IL-18,表达的重组猪IL-18具有一定的生物学活性.     

Expression of human β-defensin-2 with multiple joined genes in Escherichia coli

Human β-defensin (HBD)-2 is a small cationic peptide with a broad range of antimicrobial activity. In this study, multiple copies of the hBD2 gene were linked in tandem, and a number of different Escherichia coli expression vectors were evaluated, including pQE-30, pBV220, pET-28a(+), and pGEX-4T-2. No expression of multiple joined genes was detectable in the pQE-30 expression system, whereas in pBV220 with one or two joined hBD2 genes and in pET-28a(+) with one, two, or four copies, target proteins were expressed at a low level. Only when pGEX-4T-2 was applied as expression plasmid with one or two joined hBD2 genes were target proteins expressed in high level, and the expressed fusion proteins account for 26 and 16% of the total insoluble proteins, respectively. In the pGEX-4T-2 and pET-28a(+) expression systems, the effects of multiple joined genes on the growth of host strains and plasmid stability were examined. Host cells containing plasmid carrying fewer copies of hBD2 genes were faster in cell growth. Plasmid stability decreased with an increase in multiple joined genes, which was especially noticeable in the pET-28a(+) system. Furthermore, the presence of glucose in culture medium brought about a positive effect on plasmid stability when using pET28-nhBD2 as expression vectors.     

人野生型MBL基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

为获得人MBL蛋白，并对其功能进行初步研究，用DNA重组法构建了组氨到标签融合原核表达质粒pET28(b)-MBL。将重组质粒转入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3），经IPTG在37℃条件下诱导培养，利用SDS－PAGE，Westem-blot检测目的蛋白的表达，用IMAC金属螯合层析柱对其进行纯化。成功地表达了重组MBL蛋白，纯化的MBL浓度约为844μg/mL，为制备MBL的基因工程抗体奠定了基础。     

Construction of a Recombinant <Emphasis Type="Italic">S. cerevisiae</Emphasis> Expressing a Fusion Protein and Study on the Effect of Converting Xylose and Glucose to Ethanol

Gene XYL1 from Candida shehatae and gene XYL2 from Pichia stipitis were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the two genes were both placed under the strong promoter of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) of plasmid pAD2 to produce the recombinant expression vector pAD2-P12. Because the amplified XYL1 fragment lacks the stop codon UAA, the polypeptide expressed in yeast cells should be a fusion protein, which is a fusion of xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase. Subsequently, the pAD2-P12 vector was transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae YS58 to produce a recombinant S. cerevisiae YS58-12. It was indicated that S. cerevisiae YS58-12 has the ability of metabolizing xylose to produce ethanol by fermentation experiment. The result of cofermentation of glucose and xylose by using this recombinant S. cerevisiae YS58-12 showed a relatively satisfactory result. The highest percentage of xylose consumption rate reached 81.3% and the ethanol yield was equal to 67.14% of the ideal value.     

粘着斑激酶的原核表达、纯化及抗体的制备

粘着斑激酶(focal adhesion kinase,FAK)是细胞质内单亚基非受体型酪氨酸激酶,通过各种信号途径参与调节细胞生长、发育、黏附、细胞骨架重组、转化、扩散和迁移等过程.采用PCR方法,从Flag-FAK质粒中克隆编码FAK C端273个氨基酸的基因片段,构建FAK融合蛋白原核表达载体pET28a( )/FAK,进行原核表达与蛋白纯化,取纯化的FAK蛋白免疫小鼠,制备FAK抗血清.结果表明构建的表达FAK C端功能结构域的原核表达质粒pET28a( )/FAK,经过BL21(DE3)大肠杆菌表达、镍亲和层析柱纯化,获得相对分子质量约33 kDa的融合蛋白,并利用小鼠制备了多克隆抗体,EL ISA检测显示该抗体有较高效价.荧光免疫结果显示此多克隆抗体与FAK蛋白特异性结合,为进一步研究神经细胞中FAK的作用机制奠定了基础.     

新型抗HIV-1重组导向制剂SL41在毕赤酵母中的表达及活性实验

以酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9k为基础, 通过一段柔性连接肽Linker构建含有人源化抗HIV-1 gp41单链抗体(ScFv41)和免疫诱导因子葡萄球菌肠毒素A(staphylococcal enterotoxin A, SEA)的融合表达质粒pPIC9k-SL41, 线性化后, 采用电转化法整合入巴斯德菌毕赤酵母GS115中, 经His+MutS表型鉴定、PCR分析以及G418筛选获得高拷贝重组转化子. 摇瓶培养、甲醇诱导表达、SDS-PAGE和Western Blot分析结果表明, 目的蛋白得到良好表达, 表达量最高可达到47.9 mg/L. 目的蛋白经初步纯化后, 用于制备的HIV-1感染靶细胞复制模型进行抗体亲和力测定、细胞结合活性测定和细胞杀伤活性研究, 结果显示, 目的蛋白能够很好地与靶细胞模型中的HIV-1外膜蛋白gp160发生结合反应, 并可介导特异的CTL反应, 对靶细胞具有明显的杀伤活性, 表明获得了具有生物活性的抗HIV-1重组导向制剂.     

具有生物活性的人带3蛋白胞质片段融合蛋白的克隆、表达与纯化

用PCR法从质粒pHB3中扩增了人红细胞带3蛋白胞质片段(CDB3)基因.PCR产物经限制性内切酶切割后与多克隆位点处带有编码6个组氨酸序列的高效表达载体pET28b连接,构建为重组子pCDBHistag.重组子经酶切及序列测定后在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中获得高效表达,可溶性目的蛋白占菌体总蛋白的40%左右.C端带有6个连续组氨酸的带3蛋白胞质片段作为融合蛋白不仅可以降低宿主菌蛋白酶对其水解程度,而且简化了目的蛋白的纯化过程.经一步螯合Ni²⁺的亲和层析获得了电泳纯的带3蛋白胞质片段融合蛋白.活性测定结果表明,带3蛋白胞质片段融合蛋白能够抑制醛缩酶(Aldolase)活性的70%,与文献报道的人红细胞内带3蛋白胞质片段具有相同的功能.     

口蹄疫病毒3ABC基因截短体在毕赤酵母中的表达及鉴定

将长为525 bp的口蹄疫病毒3ABC基因截短体克隆到毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9K中, 构建了重组表达质粒pPIC9K-3ABCt. 用BglⅡ线性化后, 电转化毕赤酵母菌GS115, 经表型筛选, PCR鉴定, 获得阳性重组菌(GS115/pPIC9K-3ABCt). 然后进行诱导表达, 通过SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定表达产物. 结果表明, 重组菌株成功分泌表达了分子量为40000, 具有免疫反应活性, 且呈二聚体形式的目的蛋白. 在96 h时表达量达到最高峰, 占分泌总蛋白的18%, 达到23.4 mg/L. 为进一步研制口蹄疫免疫和感染动物鉴别诊断试剂奠定了基础.     

Molecular Cloning,Expression, and Characterization of Cathepsin L from Mud Loach (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Misgurnus mizolepis</Emphasis>)

Cathepsin L is an important protease in the initiation of protein degradation and one of the most powerful endopeptidases. In this study, we cloned mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) cathepsin L (MlCtL) cDNA, and the pro-mature enzyme of MlCtL (proMlCtL) was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase in a pGEX-4 T-1 vector. The recombinant proMlCtL was overexpressed in E. coli DH5αMCR as a 62-kDa protein. Its activity was quantified by measuring the cleavage of synthetic fluorogenic peptide substrates, and the protease activity of proMlCtL was also demonstrated by gelatin zymography. Antipain and leupeptin were shown to inhibit the protease activity of proMlCtL. Our results suggest that the structural features and evolutionary relationship of the mud loach cathepsin L gene were similar to that of the other mammalian cathepsin Ls; however, the proMlCtL protein was more stable at neutral and alkaline pH. The optimum temperature for the proMlCtL enzyme was found to be 40 °C. In addition, proMlCtL activity was dependent upon the presence of several metal ions and detergents.     

PCR-based Gene Synthesis,Molecular Cloning,High Level Expression,Purification, and Characterization of Novel Antimicrobial Peptide,Brevinin-2R,in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia Coli</Emphasis>

Brevinin-2R, a member of a new family of antimicrobial peptides isolated from the skin of Rana ridibunda, displays antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. In this study, we have used an assembly PCR method for the fast and extremely accurate synthesis of the brevinin-2R gene. A total of six primers were assembled in a single step PCR, and the assembly was then amplified by PCR to produce the final gene. The synthetic gene was cloned into the pET32a (+) vector to allow the expression of brevinin-2R as a Trx fusion protein in Escherichia coli. The results indicated that the expression level of the fusion protein could reach up to 25% of the total cell proteins. The expression products could be easily purified by Ni-NTA chromatography and released from the fusion protein by factor Xa protease. The peptide displayed antimicrobial activity similar to that of the purified brevinin that was reported earlier. This method allows the fast synthesis of a gene that optimized the overexpression in the E. coli system and production of sufficiently large amounts of peptide for functional and structural characterizations.     

Construction and Expression of Human Survivin and Preparation of Its Polyclonal Antibody

Survivin, a novel member of inhibitor of apoptosis（IAP） protein family, is aberrantly expressed in cancer but undetectable in normal, differentiated adult tissues. The cancer-specific expression of survivin, coupled with its importance in inhibiting cell death and in regulating cell division makes it a useful diagnostic marker of cancer and a potential target for cancer treatment. Survivin cDNA amplified from the total RNA of 293 cells through RT-PCR was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pRSET-B. The recombinant plasmid pRSET-B-Surv was expressed in E.coli BL21, and the relative molecule mass（Mr） of expressed fusion protein was approximately 21000. The recombinant protein was purified through Ni^2＋ affinity chromatography column and characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The purified recombinant protein was then injected into rabbits, and antisurvivin polyclonal antibody with a high titer was obtained.     

Expression and Characterization of HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein in Pichia Pastoris

To obtain a sufficient amount of glycoprotein for further studying the structure and function of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, amplified and modified HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gene which recombined subtypes（850 amino acids） from Guangxi in China was inserted into Pichia pastoris expression vector pPICZαB; then the recombinant plasmid was transported into the yeast cells to induce the expression of Env protein with methanol. The results of SDS-PAGE and Western blot indicate that the envelope glycoprotein could be expressed in Pichia pastoris with productions of a 120000 glycoprotein and a 41000 glycoprotein, which showed satisfactory immunogenicity by indirect ELISA.     

Cloning, Expression and Purification of Wheat Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases CT Domain in E.coil

The entire gene of carboxyltransferase(CT) domain of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACCase) from Chinese Spring wheat(CSW) plastid was cloned firstly,and the 2.3 kb gene was inserted into PET28a+ vector and expressed in E.coil in a soluble state.The (His)6 fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography,and the calculated molecular mass(Mr) was 88000.The results of the sequence analysis indicate that the cloned gene(GeneBank accession No.EU124675) was a supplement and revision of the reported ACCase CT partial cDNA from Chinese Spring wheat plastid.The recombinant protein will be significant for us to investigate the recognizing mechanism between ACCase and herbicides,and further to screen new herbicides.     

抗肿瘤双特异免疫导向治疗制剂CAtin的表达及活性分析

结合生物信息学方法与已知癌胚抗原(Carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA)特异性单链抗体(Single chain Fv fragment, scFv)核苷酸序列, 经分子设计和密码子优化后, 通过化学方法合成CEA二硫键稳定性单链抗体(Disulfide stabilized single chain Fv fragments, scdsFv)基因片段. 将凋亡素基因(Apoptin)通过一段柔性连接肽(Linker)连接在CEA scdsFv基因下游, 并克隆入大肠杆菌表达载体质粒pET28a, 转化BL21感受态菌后经异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, IPTG)诱导, 表达融合蛋白CAtin. SDS-PAGE和Western-Blot分析表明, 目的蛋白得到良好表达, 经条件优化后表达量最高可达44.1 mg/L. 融合蛋白经分步洗涤法和谷胱甘肽对表达的目的蛋白进行初步纯化和复性后, 利用人肝癌细胞(HCC)对所制备融合蛋白进行亲和力测定、细胞结合活性测定和特异性细胞杀伤活性分析. 结果显示, 所制备融合蛋白不仅能够有效地与上述肿瘤细胞结合, 并对其具有明显的杀伤活性, 表明成功制备了具有特异性识别和特异性杀伤活性的双特异抗肿瘤免疫导向制剂.     

Cloned s-Lap Gene Coding Area, Expression and Localization of s-Lap／GFP Fusion Protein in Mammal Cells

s-Lap is a new gene sequence from pig retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which was found and cloned in the early period of apoptosis of RPE cells damaged with visible light. We cloned the coding area sequence of the novel gene of s-Lap and constructed its recombinant eukaryotic plasmid pcDNA3.1-GFP/s-lap with the recombinant DNA technique. The expression and localization of s-lap/GFP fusion protein in CHO and B16 cell lines were studied with the instantaneously transfected pcDNA3.1-GFP/s-lap recombinant plasmid. s-Lap/GFP fusion protein can be expressed in CHO and B16 cells with a high rate expression in the nuclei.     

Tandem Multimer Expression and Preparation of Hypoglycemic Peptide MC6 from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Momordica charantia</Emphasis> in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis>

Tandem repeat multimers of Momordica charantia (MC) peptide MC6 were designed and the recombinant plasmid containing 10 copies of MC6 gene was constructed to improve the expression level of MC6 in Escherichia coli. Under the selected conditions of cultivation and induction, the expression level of recombinant TrxA–MC6₁₀ protein was above 25% of total bacteria protein. This fusion protein was purified and cleaved with HCl (13%, w/v). Either the un-cleaved or cleaved recombinant proteins was analyzed pharmacological activity by alloxan-induced diabetic mice and only the cleaved products of the recombinant protein showed significant hypoglycemic effects. The study provides a convenient and economical method for the large-scale production of anti-diabetic medicines for pharmaceutical applications.     

T4-Lysozyme Fusion for the Production of Human Formyl Peptide Receptors for Structural Determination

T4-lysozyme (T4L) fusion was introduced in the intracellular loop of a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) of human formyl peptide receptor 3 (FPR3), and the ability of T4L fusion to be used in the production of human FPR3 for structural determination was evaluated in this work. The T4L variant of human FPR3 termed FPR3-T4L was expressed in stable tetracycline-inducible HEK293 cells. A systematic detergent screening showed that fos-choline-14 was the optimal detergent to solubilize and subsequently purify FPR3-T4L from HEK293 cells. Immunoaffinity purification in combination with gel filtration was employed to purify the T4L-fused receptor to high homogeneity. The final yield of the human FPR3-T4L monomer from 2 g of cells was 0.2 mg. Circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that the receptor adopted a correct secondary structure after purification, while ligand binding measurement indicated that the receptor was functional. Thus, the presence of T4L fusion did not evidently disturb the expression in HEK293 cells, proper folding, and functionality of human FPR3. Our study of evaluating T4L fusion for the recombinant production of human formyl peptide receptor would facilitate ongoing efforts in the structural characterization of GPCRs.