Phase-shifting color digital holography

Digital holography with a three-wavelength laser and a color CCD has been demonstrated. With the phase shifting of the reference beam, in-line holograms for three wavelengths are recorded simultaneously for derivation of the complex amplitude at each wavelength, and then the three monochromatic images are reconstructed and combined into full-color images in the computer. Laser power variation for wavelengths can be compensated for in the reconstruction process. We have compared the images reconstructed by two algorithms using a single Fourier transformation and a convolution with each other by both experiments and numerical simulations. Phase-shifting errors arising at two of the three wavelengths have proved not to cause serious deterioration of the reconstructed images.     

彩色数字全息的非插值波面重建算法研究

彩色数字全息及多波长照明的数字全息检测研究中,避免插值误差的可变放大率波面重建是一个重要的研究内容.由于Fresnel衍射积分可以表示成Fourier变换及卷积两种形式,对应地存在两种波面重建算法：其一,将重建距离分为两段的衍射“接力”算法;其二,用球面波为重建波的卷积算法.文中对这两种算法进行理论分析及实验研究,讨论让重建计算满足取样定理的条件.结果表明,卷积算法较容易满足取样定理,能够获得较好的重建物光场.     

彩色数字全息的非插值波面重建算法研究

彩色数字全息及多波长照明的数字全息检测研究中,避免插值误差的可变放大率波面重建是一个重要的研究内容.由于Fresnel衍射积分可以表示成Fourier变换及卷积两种形式,对应地存在两种波面重建算法：其一,将重建距离分为两段的衍射“接力”算法;其二,用球面波为重建波的卷积算法.文中对这两种算法进行理论分析及实验研究,讨论让重建计算满足取样定理的条件.结果表明,卷积算法较容易满足取样定理,能够获得较好的重建物光场. 关键词： 彩色数字全息 波面重建 衍射计算     

Use of digital color holography for crack investigation in electronic components

This paper presents the experimental optical analysis of the crack inside an electronic component. The optical setup is used to carry out multidimensional deformation measurements using digital color holography and the spatial multiplexing of holograms. Since the Fresnel transform method depends on wavelength, a wavelength-dependent-zero-padding algorithm is described and results in a rigorous sizing of each reconstructed monochrome image. The criterion to optimize the parameters is presented and is based on minimizing the widening of the impulse response of the full recording/reconstruction process. The application of the proposed method is illustrated through the analysis of the mechanical deformation of the electronic component, and offers keys to understand its failure mode in industrial conditions.     

无零级衍射干扰的彩色数字全息研究

彩色数字全息研究中,用球面波为重建波及角谱衍射公式进行波前重建是一种有效的方法.然而,重建图像上通常伴有强烈的零级衍射干扰.本文通过理论分析,对波前重建过程作了重要改进.用改进后的方法进行彩色数字全息的实验研究表明,重建彩色图像的质量获得显著改善. 关键词： 彩色数字全息 波前重建 零级衍射干扰     

Comparative digital holography

We described a method for direct holographic comparison of the shape or the deformation of two objects when it is not necessary that both samples be located at the same place. In contrast to the well-known incoherent techniques based on inverse fringe projection, this new approach uses a coherent mask that is imaged onto a sample object that has a microstructure different from that of the master object. The coherent mask is created by digital holography to permit instant access to complete optical information on the master object at any wanted place. Transmission of the digital master holograms to the relevant places can be made with a broadband digital telecommunication network such as the Internet.     

Time-averaged digital holography

We demonstrate that it is possible to study the modal structures of a vibrating object with digitally recorded holograms by use of the time-averaging principle. We investigate the numerical reconstruction from a theoretical point of view, and we show that the numerically reconstructed object from a digital hologram is modulated by the zeroth-order Bessel function. Results of experiments in time-averaged digital holography are presented.     

LED光源数字全息技术研究

研究以发光二极管(LED)作为光源的部分相干光数字全息技术.首先研究LED的时间相干性和空间相干性,尽管LED的时间相干性较差,但空间相干性可以通过减小光源发光面积来提高.利用LED的时间相干性较差、相干长度短的特点,抑制相干噪声,改善数字全息重建质量.在同一全息记录系统,通过实验,比较了用激光和LED光源的数字全息重建图像质量.结果表明:基于LED光源的数字全息,完全消除了使用激光光源的散斑噪声和由光学元件引入的寄生干涉噪声,物光场的重现质量,包括振幅和相位都得到了很大提高.但由于LED光源的较低的空间相干性,一般只适用于同轴相移数字全息,待测物体的厚度在十几微米以内,应用受到一定限制.     

Phase-shifting digital holography

A new method for three-dimensional image formation is proposed in which the distribution of complex amplitude at a plane is measured by phase-shifting interferometry and then Fresnel transformed by a digital computer. The method can reconstruct an arbitrary cross section of a three-dimensional object with higher image quality and a wider viewing angle than from conventional digital holography using an off-axis configuration. Basic principles and experimental verification are described.     

Vertical-bandwidth-limited digital holography

Optical scanning holography (OSH) is a promising technique to acquire a big-size digital hologram. However, the acquisition speed is limited by the mechanical scanner. In this Letter we apply the OSH in conjunction with an anisotropic low-pass filtering pupil to acquire vertical-bandwidth-limited (VBL) holograms. The size and the acquisition time of the VBL hologram can be reduced by one order of magnitude while the horizontal resolution remains the same as the conventional scanning hologram. The VBL hologram can be coded as an off-axis hologram without any postfiltering. Meanwhile, the full horizontal bandwidth of the displaying device can be capitalized.     

High resolution digital holography

In digital Fresnel holography, present specifications of charge-coupled device cameras require the incident beams to be quasi-parallel. That implies large speckle grain size and low lateral resolution in reconstructed images. Better lateral resolutions are demonstrated in our work, down to 8 μm, allowing the observation of sub-millimetre objects by digital holography. The experimental set-up built samples the incident light distribution with a definition of 500 pixels mm⁻¹. The maximum acceptable angle is then widened and the hologram recording and reconstruction distances are drastically reduced, as well as the speckle size. Interferometric holography was implemented for the measurement of the deformation of a sub-millimetre silicon cantilever and results in phase-contrasts imaging are also reported. The design of dedicated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor active pixel sensor cameras is also discussed.     

散射光彩色数字全息光学系统及波面重建算法研究

令物体表面为散射面,参考光及重建光为球面波,详细研究了离轴数字全息物光场重建平面的光波场.导出物光、共轭物光及零级衍射光分布与光学系统参数的关系.根据彩色数字全息的特点,提出抑制零级衍射干扰的光学系统设计方法,并且对一种能够避免插值误差的波面重建算法进行了优化研究,给出了相应的实验证明.     

Continuous-wave terahertz in-line digital holography

A terahertz (THz) in-line digital holography project has been proposed based on a CO₂ pumped 2.52?THz continuous-wave laser and a pyroelectric-array camera used as the detector. The THz Gabor in-line digital holograms have been obtained and then the high resolution reconstruction of THz in-line digital holography was realized. The resolution of an in-line digital holography system has been tested by the use of a series of objects. High-quality and high-resolution reconstructed images have been obtained, and the real lateral resolution is higher than 0.2?mm. It can be inferred from the results that the THz Gabor in-line digital holography system has the abilities of real-time and high-resolution imaging.     

一种新的真彩色彩虹全息术

本文提出了一种新的真彩色彩虹全息术称为三维物体的色编码重现技术,其特点是:利用单波长激光对三原色激光所记录的三维漫反射物体的菲涅耳全息图进行编码,从而可用单波长激光器在同一种记录介质上一次曝光记录三维物体的真彩色彩虹全息图。     

Phase-shifting in-line digital holography on a digital micro-mirror device

A digital phase-shifting in-line holographic system based on the single coherence beam is developed. A series of phase-shifting fringes are generated by computer and outputted by a digital micro-mirror device (DMD). These fringes modulate the coherence beam because of the intensity modulation ability of DMD. In this work, the reconstructed conjugate image would not appear because of applying the phase-shifting algorithm. And calibration for the value of the optical phase shift is not necessary. An experiment based on a lens-less digital in-line micro-holographic setup with a phase grating specimen is conducted to demonstrate the validity of the present method.     

太赫兹数字全息术的研究进展

随着太赫兹成像技术的不断成熟,其空间分辨率和系统信噪比逐渐提高,成像速度逐渐加快,光学信息获取能力逐渐变强,人们对太赫兹成像在基础研究和工业应用的开发也逐渐深入。本文综述了近年来科研人员利用太赫兹数字全息成像系统进行的部分研究工作,包括对平板太赫兹元件的性能表征、对光控太赫兹元件的功能验证、对衍射太赫兹场中的纵向分量进行观测、以及对金属亚波长器件的太赫兹表面波进行分析。这些工作的完成对于太赫兹集成系统的研究和太赫兹成像技术的应用都具有积极的推动作用。     

相移数字全息子图拼接研究

 将全息图拼接技术应用到相移数字全息术中,改善再现像的质量。用全息图强度相关原理进行全息图拼接,再通过标准四步算法对拼接后的全息图进行运算,恢复原始物光。作为对比,对没有拼接的全息图进行了同样的操作。计算机模拟实验证明该全息图拼接技术可明显提高再现像的质量。同时,通过对光学实验获得的全息图进行零填充和拼接对比研究证明,前者只能提高系统成像的细节显示能力,后者能够提高再现像的分辨率和视场大小。     

Angular effects in digital off-axis holography

The relationship between the off-axis angle of the recording setup and the quality of reconstructed particle images in digital off-axis holography is studied. The interference patterns of the same particles in the same plane are recorded at different off-axis angles in horizontal and vertical directions. By means of numerical wave propagation, the particle images are reconstructed so as to evaluate and compare their quality by the numbers of particles picked out and by the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）. The results provide useful information about the relationship between the off-axis angle and the quality of the reconstructed image.     

超分辨率数字全息实验研究

为提高全息成像的分辨率,对超分辨率数字全息进行实验研究,介绍了全息和超分辨率的基本理论。试验中以激光二极管尾纤发射端作为点光源,采用非放大的光路系统,拍摄了一组亚像素位移的LR全息图。通过对LR全息图和SR全息图重建的结果对比,结果显示该方法能够实现全息图亚像素位移,经超分辨率重建的图像分辨率明显提升。通过使用更高精度的位移装置和更有针对性的超分辨率算法将会进一步提升效果。     

Characteristic of femtosecond laser-pulsed digital holography

Digital holography can be applied to ultrafast detection when a femtosecond laser pulse is used. In this paper, the interference process of two femtosecond laser pulses is studied and the recording process of the femtosecond laser pulsed digital hologram is simulated. Holograms at different recording angles are generated by integrating the instantaneous interference field. By analyzing the distribution of the reconstructed phase error, the characteristics of femtosecond laser pulsed digital holography are discussed.